Along the career path of nursing, developmental needs vary at different stages. In addition to the preparation in knowledge and skills, grooming in professional attitudes towards nursing at various stages of career advancement is also essential to attain job satisfaction and pride. In one’s career, the first decade will be the "phase of consolidation", the essential professional attributes are resilience to adversity and alertness to one’s own limitation. The second decade is the "phase of growth", eagerness to learn for filling the knowledge gaps as well as advancing in professional frontier is the requisite. The third decade is the "phase of maturation" in which professional contribution to the building of collegiality and international collaboration will be the qualities to excel the profession. The fourth decade is the "phase of handover", this is the stage of building solidarity, leading transformation and grooming leaders for the profession.

Objective: To construct the standardized nursing system, and to apply it to clinic practice. Methods: We constructed the standard system content, took organization mobilization, carried out learning discussion and hierarchical assessment and acceptance methods, to establish the standardized nursing system hierarchically, gradually and in all directions. Results: The quality of nursing services was improved, a high quality of nursing team was built and the nursing science development was promoted after the clinic practice of the standardized nursing system. Conclusion: Construction and clinic practice of standardized nursing system effectively promote the development of nursing work, which provide an efficient method for the sustainable development of the nursing work in the research-oriented hospital.

Nursing education is a cornerstone of ensuring nursing professionals to provide the high quality and safety care to clients. However, how to train qualified and competent nursing professionals through an excellent education model is a hot topic for nursing educators to pursue and explore. In this article, the authors briefly introduced the American "Quality and Safety Education for Nurses" framework, and shared a general experience of applying this framework into Macao nursing education.

Objective: To discuss the application effects of refined management in constructing professional nursing groups.Methods: We combed and made the management system, responsibilities, workflows and contingency plans standardized; we set up the detailed rules of all working links, operating program and method. The information systems were used to monitor each link of the group's work, and professional nursing care covered all the treatment process of out-patients, in-patients, and community patients.Results: We provided professional nursing care for more than 6000 in-patients, counseling for more than 1000 out-patients and their relatives, and health services at community more than 50 times annually. Conclusion: Application of refined management can regulate the construction of professional nursing groups, and then they can play a leading role of their professional advantage.

Using wireless network technology, mobile technology, Internet of things technology, and bar code technology,etc., we have constructed a new closed loop management of clinical nursing. Mobile nursing information system, infant positioning system, disinfection and supply room tracing system have been applied in the business process of holistic nursing. Meeting the tracking management requirements from the doctor's advice to the implementation of the whole treatment process, the critical care and nursing management. The clinical error rate has been significantly decreased, and the work efficiency has been greatly improved.The quality of clinical care has been improved.

Objective: To investigate the present situation and influencing factors of medication belief in patients with Cerebral Infarction accepted secondary prevention. Methods: 326 Cerebral Infarction patientsaccepted secondary preventionwere questionnaired by the Cerebral Infarction patients basic information questionnaire and medication beliefs scale. Results: The total score of medication belief was (6.44±1.77) in infarction patients accepted secondary prevention, and the score of necessity belief (16.27±1.92) was significantly higher than the concern belief (9.83±1.69). There were significant difference in the patients with different sex, culture degree, family income, NIHSS, hemiplegia, aphasia, stroke frequency, duration of medication, drug side effectsin infarction patients accepted secondary prevention (P<0.001). Multiple linear regression analysis showed,stroke frequency, NIHSS, drug side effects, hemiplegia, aphasia, family income, sex were influencing factors of medication belief in patients with Cerebral Infarction accepted secondary prevention. Conclusions: The level of medication belief was in the low level in patients with Cerebral Infarction accepted secondary prevention, and stroke frequency, NIHSS, drug side effects, hemiplegia,aphasia, family income, sex were influencing factors of medication belief.

Objective: To explore the effect on self-efficacy with advanced prostate cancer patients by chronic disease management based on self-management model oriented 5A. Methods: Totally 80 outpatients with advanced prostate cancer were randomly divided into the control group and the experimental group, the experimental group using the self-management model oriented 5A based on Traditional Chinese Medicine characteristics and chronic disease management, the control group with conventional outpatient using follow-up management. We used the general self-efficacy scale to analysis the two groups self-efficacy and satisfaction situation. Results: The two groups in the self-efficacy, satisfaction were significantly (P<0.05).Conclusion: Based on the self-management model oriented 5A significantly increased self-efficacy and patient satisfaction with advanced prostate cancer patients.

Objective: To explore the effect of psychiatric nurses' self acceptance and personality characteristics on conflict mode. Methods: Totally 813 psychiatric nurses in six psychiatric hospitals in Shandong province were recruited and completed the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ), The Self Acceptance Questionnaire, and Conflict Mode Instrument (MODE).Results: The subscale of Extraversion was statistically different in each dimension of conflict mode and had some predictive effect on conflict mode (P<0.01). The subscale of Neuroticism was statistically different in the dimension of accommodation(P<0.05). The subscale of psychoticism was statistically different in the dimensions of competition and accommodation and had some predictive effect on conflict mode (P<0.01). Self acceptance was correlated with personality characteristics and conflict mode. Conclusions: Self acceptance is significantly correlated with their personality characteristics and both self acceptance and personality characteristics have some predictive effect on conflict mode.

Objective: To investigate the current status and influencing factors of caregiver burden among relative caregivers of the disabled elders in communities. Methods: Totally 124 relative caregivers from 3 communities in Chongqing were investigated with Caregiver Burden Inventory (CBI). The disabled elders were investigated with Short Form 36 Health survey Questionnaire (SF-36).Results: The caregiver burden was in the middle level with a score of 40.05±7.07. The influencing factors included the disabled factors(ages, self-reported disease condition, general health, and health change) and the caregivers factors (daily caring time, and self-reported disease condition). Conclusion: We should provide targeted and individual guidance as well as interventions to the caregivers, assess the disabled elders comprehensively, reduce the disability rate, relieve the caregiver burden, and promote caregivers' quality of life.

Objective: To investigate the elderly patients’ awareness and behavior of fall prevention and analyze their influencing factors. Methods: It was a cross sectional survey. Totally 200 elderly patients with chronic disease were investigated with the Awareness and Behavior of Fall Prevention Questionnaire. Results: Elderly patients’ average awareness score of fall prevention was (50.38±10.67), while their behavior score of fall prevention was (42.99±7.06). The influencing factors of fall prevention awareness and behaviors scores included age, living space and others. Conclusion: The elderly patients with chronic disease were lack of awareness and behavior of fall prevention. Fall risk assessment and the related education should be implemented to reduce the incidence of falls in elderly patients.

From the point of view of information management of breast feeding, our hospital supervised every link in the whole process of breast milk reception, breast milk storage, doctors' orders, nurses taking the breast milk and feeding the babies by using modern information technology, to guarantee the accuracy of breast feeding, to realize standardization, scientification and fine-grained management of breast feeding , and to ensure the safety of the babies.

The convenient sampling methods was used to collect nursing records with writing defects in the CCU from August 2012 to June 2014, and were interviewed to explore the possible reason. The reasons of nursing record defects mainly included the item missing, nonstandard recording, the routine nursing record not detailed, wrong character, inconsistently recording,lack of specialized subjects in the recording. The properly reasons were nurses’ legal consciousness faint, lack of understanding of the importance of nursing recording, lack of the specialized nursing knowledge. Nurses’ work were busy and trivial, resulting in nursing records not in time, and supplement the record was easy to cause loss or distortion of the items. Electronic medical record system needs to be further improved. Strengthening the study of legal knowledge and professional nursing foundation, perfecting the information system, can effectively control the nursing records defects in the busy nursing daily work.

Objective: To investigate the effect of transitional care for colostomy patient based on information technology.Methods: For grade A hospitals colostomy surgery patients, we provide transitional nursing based on information technology.Hospital patients and their families to watch video about ostomy care, ostomy care learning manuals patients after discharge by telephone, QQ, or we chat, blog, or e-mail and other information technology platform to obtain timely guidance and assistance of specialist nurses. Result: Totally 152 cases of patients with stoma complications, there are 112 patients in the hospital without having to be able to solve the problem. Conclusion: The majority of hospitals do not have the time dedicated telecare equipment,the use of patients or their families'smartphones, to provide patients with the information in the extended care can improve the quality of care, should be widely applied.

This paper explored the applications and effects of flipped classroom in nursing ward rounds. When the concept of flipped classroom is applied to nursing ward rounds on certain aspects such as the preparation, the contents, and the quality control and management of ward rounds, the nurses could change from passive learning to active learning, from learning on the surface to learning in-depth. This would stimulate nurses’ interests in active learning, develop the abilities in studying alone and analyzing the problems, cultivate the abilities in organization and writing, and improve the skills of clinical nursing practice.

Objective: To investigate the usage status of nursing quality indicator in the tertiary general hospitals.Methods: Selfdesigned Nursing Quality Indicator Questionnaire was adopted to investigate the usage status of nursing quality indicator among 70 hospitals in 27 provinces. Results: The number of indicators reported by each hospital varies from 2 to 78 with the average number 24.61±13.37. The correct reporting rate is 30.14% for the structure indicator, 93.45% for process indicator, and 53.27% for outcome indicator. Totally 106 standardized indicators were got from all the 1624 indicators. Conclusion: The recognition and application of nursing quality indicators vary a lot among different hospitals. It is urgent to improve the hospitals' recognition and usage of indicators and to establish a national standard for the nursing quality indicators on the basis of research and practice.

Due to the demand of high quality of skilled nursing personnel, a practical teaching system needs to be reformed.Based on the combination of hospital and university, university fully cooperate with the hospital ,created specific nursing practice teaching design according to the knowledge, skills, and standards of nursing positions through examination, and practice and management measures, to improve the quality of the course syllabus and personnel training.

Objective: To explore the effect of rehabilitation nursing intervention model. Methods: Totally 60 patients cases with deep hand burns from a local tertiary hospital at Shenzhen were collected (from Mar 2013 to Oct 2013), randomly divided into control and experimental groups, 30 cases in each group. The control group was given routine measures, and the experimental group received the rehabilitation nursing intervention. The grip power and Total Active Movement (TAM) of two groups were measured at discharge using joint Angle ruler and hand-dynamometer to evaluate total joint activity and grip strength. Follow up visit after at 3 month of discharge were done to assess hand function, deformity, and restoration. Results:Before discharge the grip power and TAM of the experimental group were better than the control group (P<0.05). Deformity,restoration, daily activities, hand appearance, and patients’ satisfaction all rated significant better in the experimental group than the control group (P<0.05) at the follow up after 3 month of discharge. Conclusions: Rehabilitation nursing intervention model is beneficial to improve hand function, decrease the incidence of hand deformity, help patients to quickly go back to normal function and resume work and improve patient satisfaction.

Objective: To explore the use of tracking method rounds throughout hospital units to improve the quality of nursing management. Methods: Assign key patient case and rounds personnel monthly and track the nursing care process. The Director of Nursing is responsible to oversea and monitor the whole nursing process throughout hospital stay. Confirm, question and diagnose the quality of care for the key case, then provide intervention for improvement. The quality of rounds was integrated into the evaluation and appraisal system. Results: The quality of rounds and patients’ satisfaction have improved significantly.Conclusion: the system tracking method rounds is used to effectively asses the quality of care and management skills from both patients and professional point of view; trace the normative of system policy and procedure, ultimately improve the overall quality of care and management level.

Objective: To standardize the operation running process and increase the on time rate of first selective surgery.Methods: The authors used the fishbone diagram to analyze the reason of 360 first selective surgery delays before carrying out the on time circle activity. Then they set up improvement interventions and standardized the operation running process based on the root cause analysis. They evaluated the effects after three months. Results: After carrying out the QCC activity, the first elective surgery delay rate decreased from 58.1% (209 cases) to 25.8% (93 cases), and the goal (98.6 cases) reaching percentage was 105.1%, progress rate was 55.5%. Patients’ satisfaction increased from 74.6% to 94.2%. All circle members thought this QCC activity promoted their management consciousness and performance ability. Conclusion: QCC activity could increase the first elective surgery on time rate.

Objective: To formulate allocation standards of nursing human resources by measuring workload of nursing staff in assisted living unit in a long-term care facility. Methods: Based on the results of Delphi expert consultation, convenience sampling method was used in this study. And 28 nursing assistants and 3 registered nurses who worked in assisted living unit of a long-term care facility in Beijing were investigated. Working hour measuring method was used to calculate nursing workload, and human resource allocation formula was used to calculate allocation standard of nursing staff in this unit. Results: For nursing assistants,average daily direct care time of was more than average daily indirect care time (t=13.577, P=0.002), while there was no significant difference between nurses' average daily direct and indirect care time (P>0.05). The actual proportions of nursing assistant and nurse to aged people were 1.120 : 1 and 0.120 : 1 respectively, while the ideal proportions were 0.495 : 1 and 0.070 : 1 by calculation.Conclusion: Nursing workload can be determined scientifically by working hour measuring method, and then allocation standard of nursing staff can be calculated. The proportions of aged people to nursing assistant / nurse in this unit were higher than others.Some countermeasures, including standardizing nursing working process, defining working scope of nursing staff, and reasonably distributing direct and indirect nursing time, could be implemented to decrease the number of nursing staff properly.

Objective: To investigate the current status of specialized nurses training and abilities in hospitals and provide evidence for specialized nurses training policy-making. Methods: Total of 117 hospitals were investigated with questionnaire.Results: The score of nurse specialist from hospital nursing management was low in critical thinking, communication and professional development. There were significant differences in nurse specialist’s technical skills, critical thinking and Professional Development among hospitals. Totally 72 hospitals (61.54%) had carried out specialized nurses training in hospital mainly in the areas of operating room care, intensive care and emergency care. There were great differences in training project,training design and training hours among different areas of specialized nurses training in hospital. Conclusion: The quality of nurse specialist training should be enhanced and specialized nurses training in hospital should be standardized.

Objective: To explore the effect of Health Belief Model on timely children vaccination in community. Methods: We recruited 220 parents and divided them into the control group and intervention group with 110 in each group. The control group received routine health education. Based on routine health education, the intervention group received nursing education using Health Belief Model. We investigated the knowledge, attitudes and beliefs and behavior of timely children vaccination by self-designed questionnaire for the two groups before and after the intervention. Results: After nursing intervention, there were significantly higher scores on knowledge, attitudes and beliefs, and behavior of timely children vaccination in the intervention group than those in the control group (P<0.01). The timely vaccination rates in the intervention group was higher than that in the control groups (P<0.01).Conclusion: Nursing education of Health Belief Model could effectively improve the parents' knowledge, attitude and behavior of timely vaccination, and the timely children vaccination rate.

Objective: To summarize and analyze the reason of accidental shedding of radial arterial catheter for cardiac surgery ICU patients , and to explore the function and significance of quality circle control (QCC) activity on reducing accidental shedding of radial arterial catheter after cardiopulmonary bypass surgery. Methods: We established QCC and took "reducing the accidental shedding rate of radial aterial catheter" as the activity theme, grasped the existing conditions, set up the target,analyzed the reasons, drew up relevant plan and organized the implementation. Results: Through the QCC activity, the accidental shedding rate of radial arertial catheter decreased from 12.80% to 3.87% and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).Conclusion: QCC activity could significantly reduce the accidental shedding rate of radial arterial catheter, enhance the cooperation between doctors and nurses, and improve the quality of nursing work.

As the last ditch to protect patient from harm, nurses play a critical role in the process of error recovery and prevention. This article reviewed and explored the nurses' error recovery strategies and influencing factors, which can not only clarify the specific role of nurses in protecting patient safety, but also help nursing managers to develop targeted education program and provide references to adjust management direction.

Objective: To investigate the application status of mobile phone terminal appointment registration in outpatient service. Methods: The authors collected the information of mobile phone terminal appointment registration system from June to December in 2014. They also investigated 508 patients who got outpatients clinic service using different registration ways from June to December, 2014. A self-designed satisfaction questionnaire was used in this telephone follow-up survey. Results: The total amounts of mobile phone terminal appointment registration increased more than 20% of monthly, those in obstetric and pediatric departments accounted for the highest proportion of the total amount, while that in internal medicine department was relatively low. Nonlocal patients use this appointment service more popularly than the local patients. The awareness rate of the mobile terminal medical services in men was higher (χ2=93.76, P<0.001) than women. The majority 57.5% of the people who knew this new appointment service was young, and the elderly patients accounted for only 3.0% (χ2= 39.45, P<0.001), Patients satisfied less with three items, clinic information reminder, medical cost payment process, and the introduction of the doctors' major fields.Conclusion: Mobile phone terminal appointment service is helpful to solve the problem of registration difficulties, but its function needs further improvement.

The continuous development of the Clinical Decision Support System (CDSS) has provided a good tool for computers to assist medical staff to make their own decisions. The rapid pace in the emergency department demands computer system to help staff to make right decision rapidly. In this article, it introduced the definition and structure of CDSS, and analyzed its function according to the need of nursing works in the emergency department, hoping to provide references for the future development of the clinical decision support.

In 2014, three countries in sub-Saharan West Africa suffered its worst Ebola outbreak. It is very important for the medical team of People's Liberation Army in Liberia to design medical care strategies according to local cultural and economic conditions by using limited health resources, and to enhance the successful treatment rate and ensure "zero infection" of team members. This paper described the working mode, disease conditions and nursing strategies of 5 confirmed cases in Chinese Ebola virus disease treatment center in order to provide references for domestic counterparts to deal with similar cases in the future.

Medical team in China completed the tasks of aiding Sierra Leone to fight against Ebola virus disease through firm organization management, excellent skills, and internal unity and cooperation. The medical team from China and medical staffs in Sierra Leone had zero infection and the hospitalized patients had no nosocomial infection.

In July 2010, we set up the equipment allocation center. The disinfection and supply center was responsible for the rescue equipment cleaning and disinfection, while the equipment department was responsible for the maintenance, upkeep, and allocation of equipment. After centralized management, microbial sampling qualified rate was 100%, and ventilator, and monitor,injection pump, and infusion pump cleaning qualified rate were 100%, 99.6%, 99.8%, and 99.3%, respectively. The satifaction of the clinical departments to all aspects of equipment management model improved significantly (P<0.05). Therefore, the centralized management of the conventional rescue equipment could improve the equipment cleaning qualified rate and the satisfaction of the clinical departments.

Objective: To explore the job stressors and burnout level among nurses with different educational levels in clinical units of tertiary hospital. Methods: Totally 1550 nurses in three general hospitals were investigated with Maslach Burnout Inventory(MBI) and Nurse Job Stressors Scale (NJSS). Results: The average score of nurse burnout is 70.64±18.15, and the score of every dimension was significantly higher than the Chinese norm of nurse. The scores of stressors were different among the nurses with different educational levels (P<0.01). The nurses with Bachelor degree had the highest NJSS score, while the graduate nurses had the lowest. Conclusion: The burnout of nurses was in a high level. Interventions should be implemented to cope with these different stressors in different nurses with educational backgrounds.

Objective: To investigate the effect of two methods of using ventilator heated humidifier humidification device combined with Venturi oxygen and using T tube device of humidified oxygen among mechanical ventilation weaning patients.Methods: According to the random number table method, 100 eligible patients were randomly divided into the observation group and the control group with 50 cases in each group. The observation group used the method of ventilator heated humidifier humidification combined with Venturi apparatus oxygen, and the control group was treated with T tube device of humidified oxygen method.Results: Oxygen saturation in observation group was (97.38±1.56)% after 8h of mechanical ventilation weaning, while that in control group was (92.5±1.88)%, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The sputum viscosity in the observation group(I 60%, II 32%, III 8%) was better than that in the control group (I 24%, II 26%, III 50%) .There was a significant difference in the effect of airway humidification, irritating cough, and airway mucosal hemorrhage between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusion:The method of ventilator heated humidifier humidification device combined with Venturi oxygen could support the oxygenation state effectively, expel sputum easily, and reduce the occurrence of complications and adverse reaction of artificial airway. Its method is better than T tube device of humidified oxygen method.

Objectives: To investigate the death anxiety status and the influencing factors among nurses in cancer hospital.Methods: Totally, 387 nurses in a level three, grade A cancer hospital were investigated with the general conditions questionnaire and Death Anxiety Scale for evaluating death anxiety and analyzing its influencing factors. Results: The overall score of nurses death anxiety was 7.11±2.75. The score of emotional subscale was 2.22±1.37; stress and distress subscale was 2.41±0.81; time consciousness was 0.69±0.95; cognitive subscale was 1.14±1.00. The overall score was significantly higher than medical universities students and patients with colorectal cancer (P<0.05). Religious belief, education level, whether received death education, whether participated in relatives and friends, end-of-life disposal are the influencing factors of death anxiety. Conclusions: The level of death anxiety among nurses in cancer hospital was higher and influenced by many factors. We should pay attention to mental health of nurses and to carry out death education and interventions timely.

Objective: To investigate the effect of the hospital customer relationship management (HCRM) in Refractive Center.Methods: Totally 150 patients who visited the Refractive Center from January to June, 2014 were selected as control group, they received routine nursing care. The experimental group also included 150 patients who came to the center from July to December,2014, and received HCRM service. Then, a self designed questionnaire was used to evaluate their satisfaction level. Results: The satisfaction levels of consultant process, medical information acquirement, and postoperative follow-up service in experimental group were higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Application of HCRM system can provide a new experience on outpatient service, improve communication between patients and medical staff, and then enhance the hospital competitiveness in the medical business.

Objective: To explore the effects of special posts setting in management of panic value in outpatient service. Methods: Before the improvement, the panic values of outpatient were received and managed by different doctors in different clinical visits rooms. The special position of panic value reception was set after improvement. They selected the proper nurses for this position, and developed panic value management system and work flow. Then they analyzed existing problems and reasons,proposed corrective measures and gradually implemented interventions to achieve continuous improvement. Results: The defect rates of panic value record were compared before and after the special posts setting. The rates of missing records, incomplete records and error decreased from 20.1%, 52.5%, 39.0% to 0.4%, 2.4%, and 1.3%, respectively (P<0.05). The defect rates of panic value treatment, including contact failure with patients, doctors, and delaying treatment, decreased from14.7%, 4.6%, 6.2% to 4.1%, 0.8%,and 1.1%, respectively (P<0.05) . Conclusion: Management process of panic value in outpatient service was standardized since the setting of special posts for panic value reception. It enhanced the attention level of the medical, nursing, and technical staff on panic value, ensured patients' safety, reduced the medical risk, and improved the service and management level of hospital.

Every acute hospital should meet Japanese National Health Ministry rules that nursing staffing should be based on nursing needs, that is, nursing needs should be calculated according the treatment and activity of each patient. Medical software (DPC)should be used to calculate the ratio (patients: nurse) in each care unit, on the basis of coefficient of patients in each category. Nursing needs represents the demands of patients care and actual workload of nursing care, which was a scientific and rational method to calculate nurse staffing, should be promoted in clinical use for nurses managers throughout China.

Fear of Cancer Recurrence (FCR) is an appropriate stress response among cancer patients during their illness and treatment process. However, excessive fear will decrease the patient’s compliance of participating treatment, affect their quality of life and social functioning. The paper reviewed the definition of FCR, measurement tools and objectives, and influencing factors to provide reference for psychological care of cancer patients in China.

Along with the degree of population aging worse off continuously, the demand for medical service is growing. The integrating pension service with Medical Service is the recent model proposed by the government. However, there are some problems within the model. The nursing care is the most important one of it. To clarify the specialized duty of the nurses in the pension service is of vital importance to the development of the integrating pension service with Medical Service model. The clear duty of the pension system and medical service could ultimately establish a good pension service environment, thus promote the development of the pension system.