Abstract: Objective: To explore the effect of Health Belief Model on timely children vaccination in community. Methods: We recruited 220 parents and divided them into the control group and intervention group with 110 in each group. The control group received routine health education. Based on routine health education, the intervention group received nursing education using Health Belief Model. We investigated the knowledge, attitudes and beliefs and behavior of timely children vaccination by self-designed questionnaire for the two groups before and after the intervention. Results: After nursing intervention, there were significantly higher scores on knowledge, attitudes and beliefs, and behavior of timely children vaccination in the intervention group than those in the control group (P<0.01). The timely vaccination rates in the intervention group was higher than that in the control groups (P<0.01).Conclusion: Nursing education of Health Belief Model could effectively improve the parents' knowledge, attitude and behavior of timely vaccination, and the timely children vaccination rate.