This article analyzes key population, integral theoretical framework, new emerging concept and transitional care studies from recent international pediatric nursing researches. The aim is to reflect on China current pediatric nursing studies and practice, then propose suggestions for further clinical practice and research.

As an era of genome/genomics and utilization of the big data is emerging to health practice, precision medicine will become the inevitable trend in the medical and nursing science development. Under this rapid genomic advancement, the practice concept, health service content, and health related consultation of health care professionals will be profoundly changed. Integrating genomic science in practice, pediatric care that focus on individual characteristics will be achieved practically. As an important service provider, nurses must advance professional career by knowing impacts of genomics advances to their patients and family. Nurses, in fact, will become the core members of integrating practice from multidiscipline to provide a comprehensive care for patients. Nursing specialists from UCL gene therapy center have demonstrated this important role. However, current existing gap in genomic nursing is that clinical nurses do not demonstrate adequate skill to utilize genomics technology to observe and evaluate the risk of genomic related diseases, to provide relevant genomic therapy information for patients and their families, and to educate patients for diseases self-care. In the future,the genome/genomics knowledge should be included in the undergraduate nursing curriculum, and must provide updated information in genome/genomics clinical usage for clinical nurses, who then could possess academic and innovative thinking to carry out genome/genomics nursing practice to better serve patients and family in the near future.

Objective: To summarize the method of transitional care service dominated by nurses for children with asthma and evaluate its effect. Methods: In order to control and manage asthma, we launched transitional care service for children with asthma which asthma management capability assessment, implementation of asthma transitional care (asthma related education, improvement of the asthma self-management ability, and the psychological support for asthmatic children and their parents), and evaluation the asthma management were included. Results: Before and after continuing care service,children’s C-ACT score were (19.54±3.87) vs. (22.40±3.42) (P<0.01), MARS-A score (3.90±1.02) vs. (4.66±0.47) (P<0.01),SAS score (29.47±8.40) vs. (25.61±5.83) (P<0.01), FEV1% (69.35±9.97) vs. (90.47±9.68) (P<0.01), PEF% (63.74±12.40) vs.(89.44±7.55) (P<0.01). Conclusion: The effect of transitional care for children with asthma is remarkable. However there were some problems such as shortages of nursing manpower, lack of family visit, and patients demand increase. Therefore, in order to improve efficiency and optimized nursing outcomes, more specialized nurses, part-time nurses, and community nurses should be involved in the asthma transitional care, and the application of emerging extended care model such as WeChat group, QQ group, asthma management ,et al., should be promoted at the same time.

Objective: To explore the effects of "sugar-baby follow-up" APP on children with type 1 Diabetes Mellitus(T1DM). Methods: Totally 201 children with T1DM were recruited and divided into intervention group and control group according to the follow-up time. The control group received the original transitional nursing care, while the intervention group added "sugar-baby follow-up" APP besides transitional nursing care applied in control group. The study compared the fasting blood sugar level and the lowest blood sugar level before the intervention and 3 months after the follow up. Result: There were no statistical differences (P>0.05) in fasting blood sugar and the lowest blood sugar levels between control and intervention groups before the intervened follow up; both groups have fasting blood sugar above normal range. After providing the transitional care and follow up, the fasting blood sugar level in both control and intervention groups was improved from baseline before the intervention (P<0.05); in addition, the intervention group which utilized "sugar-baby follow-up" App had a lower fasting blood sugar than the control group (P<0.01); there was no statistical difference in the lowest blood sugar level achieved in the control group before and after the follow up care (P>0.05); however, the intervention group with App usage was able to avoid hypoglycemia and the blood sugar level was in safe rage after the intervention (P<0.01) and the lowest blood sugar level was also higher than the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01). Conclusion: The "sugar-baby follow-up" APP could help children with T1DM manage their blood glucose better.

Seamless integration of multidisciplinary practice that includes providing a good linkage among hospital,care providers, patients, and family is an essential way to enhance the well-being of children and their family during the pediatric hematology and oncology care phases. This study introduces the experience and practice of the total cycle of care for children with leukemia. The total care cycle penetrates the whole process of diagnosis, hospitalization, discharge preparation,and post-discharge care continuing process. It utilizes the hospital health informatics platform to assess and evaluate children and family’s needs in each treatment phase; this care model also improves cooperation among multidiscipline, doctors,nurses, and families. Finally, this total care cycle has achieved the optimal care outcome for children and families during the cancer therapy. This total care cycle approach could help future pediatric hematology and oncology nursing practice.

Objective: To investigate the current working status of nurse specialists in the pediatric ICU, analyze the influencing factors of the training effect to improve core competence of this group. Methods: Two-hundred and thirty-eight trainees who completed all the training courses and obtained the certificates were recruited and investigated with a selfdesigned questionnaire. Results: After completing the training, 73.7% of the trainees carried out new programs such as PICC in their own hospitals, 54.5% published papers, 24.4% gained research grants, and 71.8% were promoted to work as nurse managers, charge nurses or nurse educators. There was statistical difference in the development of new programs, papers publishing, program participation, promotion and further education among trainees in different hospital levels, different positions professional titles, or ICU working seniority. Conclusions: After the training, the core competence of the pediatric ICU nurse specialists is significantly improved. The title and position of the trainees are the main factors related to the results of training. Hospitals should make out incentive policies, provide support ,implement regular assessment, and improve education system to help them to achieve better performance.

This paper systematically introduces the evidence grading systems in the world, the concept of Evidencebased Medicine and proposal for evidence grading and strength recommendations in development of clinical practice guidelines of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). The paper also discusses the issues and challenges in regarding to characteristics and current status of clinical research in TCM, and to provide the referential basis in developing the clinical practical guidance for TCM.

Evidence-based Practice is widely recognized as a key factor in driving the contemporary development in patient care services and nursing profession. This paper aims at reviewing the current strategies for Evidence-based Practice promotion in the University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, and reflection of the currently existing insuficiency and future directions; ultimately achieve the goal of mutual learning and motivation.

Objectives: To develop Evidence-based Clinical Practice Program for Identification and Management of Dysphagia in Stroke patients, and to ensure the implementation of clinical guidelines, and to promote the scientific,standardized and unified clinical identification and management of dysphagia in stroke patients. Methods: In this study, we used the Iowa model of evidence-based practice as a guide, established a clinical problems, formed an evidence-based practice team, retrieval, screening and appraisal guidelines, maked review criteria, review methods, and completed the baseline review, according to the audit results and the guideline implementation barriers and promoting factors analysis results of the experimental unit, formulated the corresponding action strategy, and eventually developed appropriate clinical evidence-based practice plan. Results: This study included 5 guidelines, and the developed program includes an overview of stroke patients with dysphagia, early identification and management of dysphagia, health education for patients, various processes, tools, etc..Conclusion: The developed program based on the evidence-based practice guidelines, combined with China's specific situation,intention and mechanism of clinical patient preferences and medical staff professional judgment, which can provide reference on identification and management of dysphagia in stroke patients, and it is the premise and guarantee of evidence utilization.

This study follows the principles of evidence-based, from the perspective of patients, use language that is easier for patients to comprehend, offer a scientific, effective and evidenced based guideline for patients. This guideline provides informational education to all diabetic patients, improves ability of self management and compliance to ulcer presentation measures, ultimately reduces the rate of foot ulcer and amputation, reduces the cost of medical treatment,eventually to improve patients' quality of life. This paper discusses the necessity and the plan of development of the guideline, which includes the detail process of the guideline, therefore, provides clinical reference not only for diabetic patients but also for other type of diseases.

Objective: To investigate the elderly disability situation in Shandong province, and to analyze the influencing factors. Methods: This research was based on the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS,data from 2011 to 2012). Using the scale of ADLs and IADLs, the authors divided elderly disability degree into four grades. Chi square test and logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the influencing factors of disability. Results:The number of disabled elderly over 65 in Shandong province was about 1.33 million; the disabled rate was 14.14%. Age,education level, marital status, previous employment status, chronic disease presence, self-rating health, life satisfaction,regular exercise level were factors that influence the elderly disability. Conclusion: There was a large sum of the disabled elderly in Shandong province. The task and workload of long-term care is heavy.

Objectives: To investigate the current status and associated factors of medication compliance in the elderly with polypharmacy. Methods: Convenient sampling was used to recruit 178 elderly patients with polypharmacy who were hospitalized in a tertiary hospital. Using self-developed general information questionnaire, self-developed medication knowledge questionnaire, and Morisky questionnaire to evaluate medication compliance. Results: The rate of medication compliance in the elderly with polyphamacy was 25.8%. Multivariate analysis showed that age (β=-1.061) and types of drugs (β=-0.169) had negative effects on the drug compliance, and the knowledge level of the drug (β=0.059) had positive effects on the compliance of the drug. Conclusion: The study showed that the medication compliance of elder was lower. To improve the medication compliance of elder with polyphamacy, medical staff should strengthen medication guidance, drug treatment follow-up by a team of clinical doctors, nurses and pharmacists and reduce the types of drugs.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of inhaled aromatherapy on anxiety among perioperative patients.Methods: We searched the following databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, CNKI, CBM, and WanFang Data electronically. The retrieval time was up to April 15, 2016 and other sources as applying were also retrieved.According to the evaluation method of Cochrane system, the quality evaluation and data extraction were carried out, and the RevMan 5.3 software was used for Meta analysis. Results: A total of 7 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with 450 patients were recruited. Meta analysis of the score difference of the State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) before and after the intervention showed that WMD was -5.39 with 95% CI (-9.34, -1.43), Z=2.67, and P=0.008, and the combined effect was statistically significant. Meta analysis of the Visual Analog Score (VAS) difference before and after the intervention showed that WMD was -1.03 with 95% CI (-1.20, -0.86), Z=11.86, and P<0.001, and the combined effect was statistically significant.The diffidence of the systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure before and after the intervention were less than 0,while the difference of heart rate and respiratory rate before and after the intervention were not all less than 0. Conclusion:Inhaled aromatherapy can relieve anxiety and pain among perioperative patients. It could lower blood pressure or blood pressure climbing extent, but the effect is not obvious for heart rate and respiratory rate.

Objective: To develop a Quality of Life Scale for peritoneal dialysis patients which could fit our cultural background. Methods: Items pool was constructed through literature searches and interviews with PD patients. Through the Delphi method, item distributed method, the variation coefficient method, correlation coefficient method between the items, correlation coefficient method between items and dimension, Cranbach's α coefficient method, factor analysis, we used 7 ways to filter the scale items and evaluate the reliability and validity of the scale. Results: A one-week test-retest reliability of Quality of Life Scale for PD patients was 0.781 and Cronbach's α coefficient was 0.936. Both results were higher than 0.7 and showed that the scale has good reliability. The results of criterion validity with SF-36 scales showed the scale had good criterion-related validity with correlation coefficient 0.956. When evaluating construct validity of the scale, we extracted 10 common factors through principal component factor analysis. The relations between dimensions and common factors met the theoretical ideas and the researchers expectation. Conclusion: This study developed Quality of Life Scale for Chinese peritoneal dialysis patients. It has good reliability and validity and could be used to evaluate the quality of life for Chinese peritoneal dialysis patients.

Objective: To investigate the knowledge and attitude to palliative and terminal care in medical college students and to explore the coping strategies. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in 3 medical universities in Liaoning province. The influencing factors were analyzed by ANOVA and multiple regression analysis. Results: No significant difference was found among students with different medical specialties in the total scores of palliative care attitude (P>0.05). However, students majoring in nursing had statistically higher scores in the dimensions of the attitude on carrying out palliative care, self-assessment of palliative care knowledge, and the attitude on death education (P<0.05).Whether family members or themselves having experiences of suffering from serious disease entered the regression equation for general score of palliative care knowledge, explained 55.9% of variation. While genders and palliative care knowledge level were influencing factors of palliative care attitude by regression analysis, explained 4.8% of variation.Conclusion: There were statistically significant differences among students with different medical specialties in some dimensions of palliative care attitude. More attention should be paid on life education for students majoring in medical Imaging, anesthesiology and dentistry, and enlarge the influence of internet and other paths for medical students education.

Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the professional station of staffs in nursing homes.Methods: A self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate 203 staffs from 74 nursing homes in Fujian province.Results: Nurses and care assistants in the items of "I love this job" "geriatric nursing is very promising" "I am very satisfied with the current status" and other items were statistically significant in professional attitudes; for working contents,nurses and care assistants have significant differences in communication, routine care, health education, hospice care, but there were no statistically differences in life care, (geriatric) specialized nursing, safety management, massage; there are significant differences between nurses and care assistants training times, training methods, training content, training effect and other aspects. Conclusions: Staffs in nursing homes need more effective training and better rewards, which could improve their professional attitudes.

Objective: To develop and practice the "comprehensive training of nursing" project course based on OSCE model. Method: Totally 60 hours credit OSCE model "comprehensive training of nursing" was offered to three years Associate Nursing Degree 2013 class, two classes were randomly chosen as the research group; Two other classes from class 2012 were chosen as the control group, where this group used traditional teaching method with same instructors.When the courses complete, all nursing students received four courses of OSCE skill test. Results: Successfully establish OSCE model "comprehensive training of nursing" course, students who got OSCE model teaching showed better grades compare to traditional classes. Conclusion: Enrolling OSCE model "comprehensive training of nursing" course before the practical course actually improves the quality of nursing education, promotes nursing education reforms.

Objective: The study aimed to investigate bachelor degree nurses'perceptions ofcareer planningin public hospitals. Methods: In 2014, a cross-sectional survey by questionnaire was conducted. A total of 434 bachelor degree nurses working in 18 public hospitals were participated in the study. Results: The mean score of nurses'career planningwas (40.57±8.14). Subscales in descending order by scoring rate are continuous learning, focusingon relationship, identifying career target and strategy, self-presentation. Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that, the district level, age, school,the hospital type, title, jobs are the main factors of career Planning. Conclusion: bachelor degree nurses'career planning is in the medium level, it is suggested that nursing decision makers should be according to the hospital, hospital grade, age,job title, such as characteristics, the categorized intervention measures, improvement of management and service, so as to improve the ability of career planning, improve the stability of a bachelor's degree in nursing, and improve the quality of nursing.

Objective: To develop a competency index for nursing managers of CentralSterile Supply Department.Methods: Based on literature review and semi-structured in-depth interviews, information was solicited from experts by 2 rounds of surveys using Delphi technique. Consensus was achieved for items and weight assignments. Results: After 2-round Delphi survey, 7 categories and 32 indicators were identified.The 7 categories are quality management, clinical services,global awareness, team building, communication and coordination, knowledge and skills, personal qualities. Conclusion:This study identified competency indicators for nursing managers of CentralSterile Supply Department that are suitable for current clinical practice.

Objective: To investigate the correlation and dynamic change of activities of daily living and nurses workload with four different single diseases. Methods: A total of 217 inpatients with four different diseases were selected from a local tertiary grade A hospital. The direct nursing hours and Barthel index were recorded. Results: We found negative correlation between the activities of daily living and nurses workload in four different diseases. For nursing workload, the highest is colorectal cancer, followed by gastric cancer, gallbladder stones, and breast lumps. To analyzing nursing workload of the patients with the different stages of hospitalization, it showed that the nursing workload on operation day are significantly higher than other times, nursing care workload is similar on operation day and postoperation second day, nursing working hours is decreasing with the increase of hospitalized days, and all diseases present similar trends. Conclusion: The ability of performing activities of daily living is a significant factor influencing nursing workload, which should be taken into consideration in nursing staffing.

Objective: To explore the relationship between job satisfaction and intention to stay of male nurses in secondary and tertiary hospitals of Guangdong province and put forward the corresponding countermeasure. Methods:Secondary data analysis on Nursing Human Resources Study of Guangdong province in 2014. Questionnaires include male nurses' job satisfaction and items about intention to stay from Nursing Human Resources Study of China. Results: Of the 190 male nurses in the survey, 38.9% were satisfied with their career, 44.2% were satisfied with nursing work and 55.3% intended to stay in the current unit in the next year. Male nurse who intended to stay had higher satisfaction. The likelihood of intention to stay was higher in male nurses with permanent position, higher education level and being satisfied with career.Conclusion: There were less than 50% male nurses who were satisfied with their career in secondary and tertiary hospitals of Guangdong province. The intention to stay was higher in these male nurses who had permanent position, high education level,and high career satisfaction. Hospital administrative department should adopt valid measures to provide equal pay for equal work, opportunity for further education and increase career satisfaction to promote male nurses' retention and development.

Objective: To explore model and effects of utilizing nursing supervisor at night in geriatrics settings.Methods: Use position management method, analyze the position, define position requirements, job category, and job responsibility. Choose candidate according to position requirement, job responsibilities and process, job tasks and processes given by a dynamic management team management, reasonable scheduling, unified performance appraisal content and manner, six months after the implementation of the summary care two times on duty deal with the problem, and the results of the effect evaluation N1 level nurses with low seniority independent value late night of anxiety and mental pressure changes involved in nursing and two nurses on duty in professional responsibility personal sense of worth, self-confidence,problem solving skills, enthusiasm for work changes. Results: Second common duty of care site deal with the problem 23 times, N1 level nurse tension independent value late night when anxiety and psychological pressure is below established before (P<0.05). Scores, participation in second nursing staff on duty in professional responsibility and other aspects of high scores prior to the establishment, 68.6% saving human consumption. Conclusions: The establish of supervisor nurse institution in geriatrics at night can promptly and effectively deal with difficult clinical problems and emergency situations,improve quality of care, reduce the value of independent nurses with low seniority late night of nervous anxiety and mental stress, mobilize high qualification nurses enthusiasm, enhance the professional sense of achievement and save labor cost.

Objective: To explore the effect of preoperative intravenous supplement 5% GNS 1000mL on stress response and postoperative stress hyperglycemia in gastric cancer patients with general anesthesia during continuous endoscopy surgery. Methods: Totally 122 gastric cancer patients with general anesthesia during continuous endoscopy surgery were randomLy divided into rehydration intervention group and regular group. Rehydration intervention group: we transfused 5%GNS 1000mL by vein for patients who were forbidden to eat and drink over 12 hours. After the intravenous infusion, the puncture trocar was remained and brought into the operating room. Regular group: we did not transfuse any liquid for patients before the continuous surgery. Then we compared the degree of thirsty and hungry, mean arterial pressure, heart rate and changes in blood sugar before surgery between the two groups. Results: Patients' degree of thirsty and hungry before surgery had significant statistical differences (P<0.001). Patients' mean arterial pressure and heart rate before anesthesia in regular group were significantly different from rehydration intervention group (P<0.001). The blood sugar at 24 hours after surgery had a significant rise in both groups, and the blood sugar at 24 hours and 48 hours after surgery had significant statistical differences (P<0.05) between groups. Conclusion: Preoperative intravenous supplement 5% GNS 1000ML can reduce the degree of thirsty and hungry and surgical stress response in gastric cancer patients with continuous endoscopy surgery, and can speed up the recovery of blood sugar after surgery.

Objective: To explore the effect of psychological nursing clinic on lung cancer patients. Method:Totally 106 lung cancer patients were recruited from the psychological nursing clinic and investigated by Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and Numerical Rating Scale (NRS). Patients who had higher scores than the standard values were given individualized psychological intervention for 4 weeks. At the same time, we guided the patients' family members synchronously. Results: After psychological nursing intervention, the scores of PHQ-9 (5.01±2.72), GAD-7 (4.73±2.67), PSQI (4.14±1.45) and NRS(2.91±1.32) were significantly decreased (P<0.05) than their initial scores. Conclusion: Extended service of effective psychological counseling and health care guidance provided by psychological nursing clinic could greatly meet the mental health and rehabilitation needs of lung cancer patients.

Objective: To explore the attitude to advanced cancer and death among family members of advanced cancer patients, and to explore the significance of good death education in community palliative care. Method: We recruited 26 advanced cancer patients' (18 of the 26 patients died) family members who accepted community palliative care using purposive sampling method. We conducted 3 group interviews to collect the data about the reflection, behavior,and feelings of the family members and analyzed the data by the phenomenological approach. Results: We got two themes.One was that the family members had objective understanding of their relatives' death, but most of them could not face the reality calmly. Another was that most family members avoided to talk about the death with the patients themselves and most patients had fear and evasion to death, except few believer of religion. Conclusion: The community advanced cancer patients and their family members' attitudes of death are not in accordance with good death concept. We could improve their attitude step by step through good death education. The death education in community should start from the family members by satisfying their psychology needs and providing their psychological support.

This literature review introduced the research progress of elderly-oriented home modification, and clarified the relationship between home modification and home-based care service for the aged, which may provide reference to the resources integration and cost control of home-based care service for the aged.

The mhealth had effectively been used in early diagnosis, symptom management, treatment adherence for patients with PD and care support for patients' caregivers. But the mhealth management model of PD has not been established. In this paper, we reviewed research progress both at home and abroad to provide scientific reference for establishing mhealth management model which could delay the disease process and improve quality of life among patients with PD.

Fatigue is one of the most common symptoms in hemodialysis patients, brings heavy burden to them. This paper reviewed the current researches of influencing factors and treatment methods of fatigue in hemodialysis patients,aims to find advantages and disadvantages of the present study, and provide references for the further researches.

With the change of medical model, more and more researchers pay attention to palliative care, including the holistic care of physical, psychological, social and spiritual care. The palliative care model puts emphasis on respecting life, improving pateints' quality of life, and helping cancer patients pass through this special period more peacefully. This article summarized the research progress of general situation, methods and effects of palliative care among cancer patients to provide the references for further research.

This article reviewed definitions of privacy and patient privacy, categories of patient privacy, patient privacy scale in nursing, the current status and influencing factors of nurses' knowledge, attitudes and behaviors regarding protection of patient's privacy in this paper. We expected to provide reference to improve nurses' awareness and behaviors to protect patient's privacy.