This paper analyzed the development process and tendency of socialized senior care service market and policy, discussed the market needs of senior care service manpower in the future, and proposed the tactics of senior care service talent construction, which may provide reference to the rational development of senior care service market.

Objective: To analyze health issues and caring needs among Chinese community-dwelling elders in Beijing and to test the applicability of interRAI HC in home care of China. Methods: A convenient sampling was utilized to collect 120 community-dwelling elders in Beijing Xicheng district. InterRAI HC was used to collect data and the clinical assessment protocols were applied to analyze the health issues of elders. Health issues were then compared with the services they were provided. Results: The elders had health issues at physical, psychological, and social aspects. The average number of issues was 2 with the range of 1-5. As the elders aged (rs=0.45, P=0.03) and number of chronic illness increased (rs=0.34,P=0.04), the number of health issues were increased. The elders received higher rate (>70%) of services at the aspects of cardiorespiratory problems, pain, ADL, informal social support, and pressure ulcer.But they received lower rate (<40%)of services at the aspects of cardiorespiratory conditions, pain, ADL, informal aspect of prevention, home environment optimization, IADL, urinary incontinence, under-nutrition, and physical activity promotion. Conclusion: InterRAI HC can systemically assess the health issues among elderly and provide directions for further home care. InterRAI HC can also be utilized in the future to monitor the quality of home care for elders.

Treatment-care combination is one of the endowment patterns of urgent need for elderly patients, and the big hospitals and nursing homes have their respective advantages and resources. The problem being how to be combined and implemented the dual referral pathway of treatment-care combination between hospitals and nursing homes would be the need to explore and sovle. This paper is to explore the dual referral pathway of treatment-care combination for elderly patients based on the medical alliance, and put forward the thinking and outlook.

Urinary Incontinence in women is a condition that becomes more common with age. It influences on patients' quality of life as well as physical and mental health. Treatments for the elderly women with Urinary Incontinence in foreign countries have been proven to be effective. The aim of this review is to provide references regarding Urinary Incontinence management in order to improve patients’ quality of life.

Frailty is one of the common geriatric syndromes, which attracts more and more attention of global gerontological nursing professionals. It is of vital importance to take actions to improve the frail status of communitydwelling elders, and to maintain their functional independence and to enhance the quality of life. In this paper, impact of frailty to community-dwelling elders was described, as well as the assessment of frailty. Moreover, this paper summarized the development of non-pharmacological interventions for community-dwelling frail elders from the aspects of exercise,nutrition, comprehensive geriatric assessment and multifactorial interdisciplinary intervention.

Objective: To evaluate the quality of clinical practice guideline of ostomy care, to analyze the status quo and challenges in the guideline development, and to provide reference for making clinical practice guideline of ostomy care suitable for China. Methods: The databases of CNKI, VIP, WANFANG, CBM, PubMed, ProQuest, Web of Science,and related websites and data of guidelines were searched and the retrieval time was from 2006 to 2015. The published clinical guidelines of ostomy care were recruited and language was limited in Chinese and English. The names, publishing years, organizations, development methods were descriptively analyzed and the quality were assessed by AGREE II.Results: A total of 19 guidelines concerning ostomy care were included from USA, Britain, Canada, Sweden and China.Totally 14 full text guidelines of them had been assessed by AGREE II and they were generally low in quality. The levels of guidelines were level A (4 guidelines), level B (8 guidelines), and level C (2 guidelines). The scores of guidelines according to the domains of AGREE II decreased from "scope and purpose" (76.59%), "clarity of presentations" (74.01%),"participants" (66.67%), "rigour of development" (51.93%), "applicability" (46.73%), and "editorial independence" (37.50%).Conclusion: The guidelines of the ostomy care should be improved in "rigour of development", "applicability" and "editorial independence" in future. Conflicts of interest should be addressed. Guidelines are recommended to be developed based on evidence and to use the best evidence. There is still no local evidence-based guideline of the ostomy care in China. So it is urgent to develop evidence-based guideline that is suitable for Chinese condition while utilizing international experiences.

Objective: To investigate the current status and influencing factors of parenting stress among parents of asthma children. Methods: A total of 274 asthma children and their parents were recruited from three teriary hospitals in Wenzhou by convenience sampling method. They were investigated with a self-designed demographic questionnaire, Parenting Stress Index-Short Form, and Childhood Asthma Control Questionnaire. The influencing factors of parenting stress were analyzed by using multiple stepwise regression analysis. Results: The main score of parenting stress among parents of asthma children was 143.39±19.48. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the age of children, education level of parents, and childhood asthma control degree were influencing factors of parenting stress among parents of asthma children. Conclusion: Clinical nurses should pay more attention to the parenting stress among parents of asthma children,and promote the childhood asthma control degree to decrease the parenting stress among parents of asthma children.

Objective: To explore the current status of quality of humane care among pediatric nurses and its influencing factors from tertiary hospitals in Qingdao. Methods: Totally 486 pediatric nurses from 5 tertiary grade A hospitals in Qingdao were surveyed by the scale of quality of humane care. Results: The overall rate of quality of humane care was 84.7%. The scores of humane care quality of pediatric nurses were significant influenced by care of co-workers and humane education (P<0.01). Conclusions: The quality of humane care among these five hospitals stays in the good level, and the influence factor includes the care of co-workers and education.

Objective: To describe inpatient satisfaction with healthcare in Level 2 and Level 3 hospitals in China,and to explore their influencing factors. Methods: By stratified random sampling, systematic sampling and convenience sampling, 6,494 patients in 181 Level 2 and Level 3 hospitals in 9 provinces/municipalities/autonomous regions in mainland China were investigated by using the Chinese version of HCAHPS. Results: More than half of patients' (55.64%)overall rating of hospital was 9 to 10, and 54.75% patients said that they would definitely recommend the hospital to others.The average level of patient satisfaction in all composites of healthcare service was 51.51%. Patients gave the highest score of satisfaction on discharge information (71.30%). Communication about medicine (30.91%) got the lowest level of patient satisfaction. Self-report health status, age, length of stay and unit had impact on patients' evaluation on healthcare.Conclusion: In Level 2 and Level 3 hospitals, patients generally satisfied with healthcare, while they were not satisfied with communication about medicine. We suggested that healthcare organizations upgrade healthcare services according to patients' characteristics, and that healthcare authority further clarify the range of medical treatment of hospitals of different levels, and also pay attention to the assurance of quality of care.

Objective: To analysis the correlation of emotional stress and coping interventions in diabetic patients in community settings. Methods: The Individual Information Sheet, Diabetes Distress Scale and Medical Coping Modes Questionnaire were used to collect data. Totally 200 patients from 3 different communities in Yangzhou were included in this study. Results: 60.0% of diabetic patients suffer from emotional stress, 11.5% suffer with high level of stress, with higher scores in dimensions of regimen-related distress (3.10±1.17). Coping styles scores from high to low were acceptanceresignation,avoidance and confrontation. Emotional stress was negatively correlated to confrontation (P<0.05), and positively correlated with avoidance and acceptance-resignation (P<0.05). Conclusion: Emotional stress was common in diabetic patients, and is closely related to coping styles. Diabetic stress and coping styles should be evaluated in community settings by clinicians in order to strengthen psychological interventions to diabetic patients and ultimatley improve patients' quality of life.

Objective: To assess the effect of supervised intervention in diabetic patients with periodontal disease on oral health and blood glucose level. Methods: A total of 64 cases of patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and periodontal disease were included in this study, and accepted the supervision of oral health intervention program. Their oral health knowledge, behavior, periodontal index and blood glucose control status were evaluated at base line, 1 week, 1 month and 3 months after the intervention. Results: Their periodontal status improved significantly after the supervised oral health intervention. The incidence of bleeding related to dental probing and dental calculus were lower than those at baseline.Patients' fasting blood glucose, 2-hour postprandial blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin level reduced as compared with baseline. Conclusion: Implementing supervision of oral health intervention in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and periodontal disease could improve the patient's periodontal condition and blood glucose control.

Objective: To understand the cognitive status and differences of nutritional management between different level of hospital nurses in Qingdao, and to provide scientific evidence for further targeted training. Methods:From November 2015 to March 2016, a total of 586 nurses working in 73 hospitals of different levels in Qingdao were surveyed using a self-designed questionnaire, and stratified convenience sampling was used. Results: Totally 586 nurses' total score of the survey was (27.24±8.93), the average correct rate was 48.6%. The Grade III and Grade II hospital nurses' cognitive level of nutritional management was significant higher than community nurses (P<0.01). The difference between Grade III and Grade II hospital nurses' cognitive level of nutritional management was not significant but the calculation of total calories (P<0.01) and special populations diabetes diet management (P<0.01). The Grade III and Grade II nurses' training needs of nutritional management was significant higher than community nurses (P<0.01). Conclusion: The nurses' cognitive level of nutritional management needs to be improved, the managers of hospitals should provide standard training for nurses to improve their cognitive level.

Objective: To investigate the turnover status of nurses in tertiary hospitals of Guangdong province,to strengthen the management of nursing human resources, and to guarantee the quality of nursing work. Methods: A questionnaire survey was carried out in 110 tertiary hospitals in Guangdong province using cluster sampling method.Results: The turnover rates from 2011 to 2014 were 6.66%, 7.25%, 6.72%, 5.54%, respectively. More than 7.7% of the hospitals had turnover rates higher than 10% with the highest rate 46.25%. Nurses with less than 5 working-years accounted for 68.2% of the total turnover rate. About 88.5% of the turnover nurses were voluntary turnover and 2.7% of the turnover nurses were transferred to other positions. The causes of nurses' turnover were diversified, and the family factors, compensation factors and returning to homeland were the main factors of resignation. Conclusion: Before the implementation of nurse post management, the turnover rate of nurses increased year by year while the turnover rate of nurses has a downward trend after the implementation of post management. It is necessary to attach importance to improving the environment of nursing practice, to strengthening the management of nursing positions, to focusing on the humanistic care of nurses, to improving human resource management mechanism, and to promoting the steady development of nursing staff.

Through summarizing Boyle, Tourangeau, Tracy about Conceptive Model of nurses' Intent to Stay, stating the related factors which influence nurses turn over rates, in order to propose a strategy for preserve nursing staffs and eventually provide a reference for the subject.

Objective: To explore the correlation between quality of work life and social support among Intensive Care Unit (ICU) nurses. Methods: Totally 298 ICU nurses who came from 13 intensive care units of 6 tertiary hospitals in Guangdong province were recruited by convenience sampling during October 2014 to September 2015. The General information questionnaire, Quality of Nursing Work Life Scale (QNWLS) and Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS) were used. Results: Among the 298 nurses, the score of QNWL was (161.15±21.56), which was higher than the average level among tertiary hospitals in Guangdong province (P<0.01). The score of SSRS was (40.67±8.96), which was also higher than the average level among tertiary hospitals in Guangdong province (P<0.01). Pearson correlation analysis showed that quality of work life was positively correlated with social support (r=0.305). Conclusions: In tertiary hospitals of Guangdong province, the quality of work life and social support in ICU nurses are higher than the medium level.Social support was positively correlated with quality of work life work life.

This article reviewed the overseas theoretical model, measuring tools, influencing factors and intervention measures of career maturity in nursing students. It is aimed to provide theoretical basis for improving the career maturity of nursing students in china, so as to improve the students' professional level and stabilize the nursing career.

Objective: To investigate the relationship among career resilience, career plateau of emergency and critical care nurses. Methods: A total of 352 emergency and critical care nurses from five general tertiary grade A hospitals in Nanjing were recruited using convenience sampling method and investigated by questionnaires. Results: The total score of career resilience was (3.32±0.52), and the total score of career plateau was (3.24±0.75). Career resilience was significantly negatively correlated with career plateau (P<0.01). After controlling demographic variables, career resilience could explain 27.2% for the variances of career plateau. Conclusion: Emergency and critical care nurses were on latent plateau. Career resilience was in the middle level. Career resilience can predict career plateau. Nurse managers can improve emergency and critical care nurses'career resilience to alleviate career plateau, and retain nurses.

Objective: To explore the mechanism of nursing job management for department of hematology of our hospital. Methods: To design and implement the nursing job configuration, level management, level training, performance evaluation, evaluation methods. And a survey was conducted in 15 nurses by nurses' job satisfaction scale. Results: The nurses' job satisfaction was improved after the implementation of nursing job management (P<0.01). Conclusions: Practice of nursing job management in department of hematology is conducive to the growth and development of the nurses, the stability of nursing team, improvement of nursing management level, so as to provide better quality care services for patients, and improve patients' satisfaction.

Objective: To determine the impact of shame on Help Seeking Attitude of female Urinary Incontinence patients. Methods: A total of 232 female urinary incontinence patients were recruited from five community hospitals in Wenzhou by convenience sampling method. They were investigated with Urinary Incontinence knowledge questionnaire, Help Seeking Attitude Scale of Female Urinary Incontinence patients, and Shame Experience Scale. The relationship between shame and Help Seeking Attitude of Female Urinary Incontinence patients was analyzed. Results: The total score of Help Seeking Attitude of Female Urinary Incontinence patients was (31.88±3.79). There were significant negative correlations between score of shame of female Urinary Incontinence patients and Help Seeking Attitude. Regression analysis showed that the factor scores of shame of female Urinary Incontinence patients such as behavioral shame and family shame could independently explain 30.7% of the variance for Help Seeking Attitude after controlling demographic variables. Conclusion: Clinical medical staff should focus on the shortcomings of Help Seeking Attitude of female Urinary Incontinence patients, and take effective measures to reduce shame of female Urinary Incontinence patients to improve the Help Seeking Attitude of female Urinary Incontinence patients.

Through searching literatures related to falls in elderly patients after discharge from hospital, this article reviewed its concept and characteristics as well as the main risk factors, in order to provide a reference for Chinese scholars to carry out the related research.

Objective: To investigate the use of nursing risk assessments on inpatients in 110 second-or third-tier hospitals in China.Methods: Totally 352 patients in 110 hospitals were recruited by convenient sampling. Self-designed usage of nursing risk assessments status questionnaires were used. Results: Of all the 110 hospitals, the most widely assessments were pressure ulcer risk assessment (100.00%), fall risk assessment (97.3%) and risk of unplanned extubation assessment (77.3%). Most hospitals used electronic evaluation table of nursing risk assessment.The scores of evaluations of "too much and complicated evaluation contents which improved nurses workload", "some laboratory monitoring index data was hard to obtain", "repeated evaluation of the same indicators in different risk assessments "were (4.25±0.79),(4.16±0.87) and (4.00±1.03) respectively, which were higher than others. Nurses mostly suggested that "national or regional health provide suitable nursing assessments", "the establishment of information platform", "the introduction of the authority of the risk control guidelines or standards" and "multi-disicipline cooperation for risk control". Conclusions: Nursing risk assessment is an important tool of risk nursing management.The usage of risk assessments still existed some problems,this study suggested to improve the nursing risk assessment tools, speed up the information construction of nursing risk management, make a multidisciplinary collaboration and evidence based risk pre-control measures.

Objective: To develop a scientific and systemic indicators to evaluate midwifery safety and quality in obstetrical department. Methods: The indicators were built on data obtained from standardized obstetric nursing documents, and were employed to evaluate and improve quality of care by providing research-based comparative data on nursing care and the relationship to patient outcomes. Results: According to the indicators, two process indicators, qualified rate of promoting natural labor and the rate of cesarean delivery were focused on improvement.Three outcome indicators,vaginal delivery rate, VBAC success rate and episiotomy rate were improved significantly (P<0.01). Conclusion: The midwifery quality management module is reliable which can be used to provide real-time evaluation of midwifery safety and quality in obstetrical department.

This article summarized and analyzed the effects and outcomes of use of Information and Communication Technology for Reminiscence Therapy with dementia people abroad. The purpose was to provide some references for the use of Information and Communication Technology for Reminiscence Therapy with dementia people in China.

Objective: To observe the effect of hospital infection control team in infection control of Multidrug-Resistant Organism (MDRO) in ICU. Methods: Establish the full-time infection control team and intervene ICU patients with MDRO infection by using checklist for quality control management. Results: The compliance rate of all the control measures increased after intervention (P<0.05). All the indicators of quality control of hospital MDRO infection management after intervention were significant better than before (P<0.05). Conclusion: The infection control team can improve compliance of MDRO infection isolation control measures and the indicators of quality control of hospital MDRO infection management. It played an important role in MDRO infection management and should be widely used and applied.

Incidence of Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia (BPSD) among dementia patients is high, and it is a big challenge for treatment and care. Nonpharmacologic therapy is suggested as the first choice of management. This paper reviewed recent research progress on BPSD in order to provide references for medical staff.

Pain has brought so much negative influence to children. People pay more and more attention to the pain management of children. Now this article summarized the research progress on the current status of pediatric nurses' evidence-based pain management, influencing factors, countermeasures and prospects, so as to provide basis for pediatric nurses to manage children's pain by applying evidence-based idea.

Ventilator Associated Pneumonia (VAP) is one of the most serious complications in patients with mechanical ventilation, and is also one of the most common nosocomial infections. Clinical nurses' awareness and implementation of VAP prevention measures play an important role in the prevention of VAP. This paper reviews the current situation of nurses' cognition and implementation of VAP prevention measures, and provides reference for clinical VAP management.

Empowerment education is based on the patient as the subject of a new educational mode,who working together with educators to develop nursing programs to participate in decision-making. Internal capacity was gradually discovered and developed in controlling the disease process, and then the ability of better manage their disease was developed.This article summarizes the concept, characteristics, content, intervention methods, evaluation parameters and application of empowerment education in maintenance hemodialysis patients, to provide references for clinical practice.

Objective: To analysis the research hot of cardiovascular nursing research in core journals of the Web of Science database, provide the reference for the cardiovascular nursing research. Methods:Using the CiteSpace information visualization software, analyze about 3556 papers relate to cardiovascular diseases in nursing within 2006-2015 year in core journals of the Web of Science database, and draw knowledge graph about research hotspots and research frontier.Results:The number of published papers in cardiovascular nursing research show the tendency to increase within nearly one decade; research hot focus mainly on the keywords such as heart failure, coronary heart disease, high blood pressure,self-management, mortality and risk factors; research frontier focus on the disease which have high incidence in the elderly,such as heart failure and Alzheimer; research hot between China and the United States in the same time zone is not the same, Chinese research hot is five years later than the United States. Conclusion: Research hot spread out as the center of the heart failure, coronary heart disease and high blood pressure; Chinese published number of papers in SCI have a tendency to increase, but as a big country of cardiovascular disease, the number is too little compared to the United States and other developed countries, China should increase investment in cardiovascular nursing research.

Under the two-children policy, the number of delivery and pregnancy complications will increase, which will lead to the shortage of nursing human resources and the increased risks of nursing work.In order to improve the quality of care and ensure patient safety, nursing managers took some countermeasures, such as enhance communications,strengthen training and supervision.

Objective: To investigate knowledge, attitude, belief and practice towards postoperative pain among surgical patients, in order to improve health education of postoperative pain to the patients. Methods: Used self-designed questionnaire and convenient sampling method to investigate postoperative pain of surgical patients. Results: The total score of the questionnaire was 29.22±4.58 points that was in the middle. The score of pain knowledge was 8.06±2.55. The score of pain attitude was 16.14±2.77. Analgesic behavior got 5.02±1.15, six points out, at a high level. According to Pearson correlation analysis, knowledge and attitude, attitude and behavior were significantly positive correlation (P<0.01), no correlation was found between knowledge and behavior (P>0.05). Conclusion: Knowledge, attitude, belief and practice health education model should be adopted to improve surgery patients' knowledge, attitude and behavior towards postoperative analgesia.