With the rapid development of the the Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), the TCM nursing program is widely used in the medical institutions of TCM . This paper described the advantages, the application status, and achievement of TCM nursing program, analyed the existing problem in the application process, and proposed improved plan. TCM nursing program could be a starting point of promoting TCM nursing and play an important role in enhancing the characteristics of TCM nursing.

Based on the analysis of the current status of the implementation and development of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) nursing technology, we summed up the existing problems in the process of the implementation of TCM nursing technology, and put forward the countermeasures of improved equipment, process optimization, combined application, standard quantitative measures, which made TCM more convenient for clinical application and popularization,in order to protect people's health.

Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) injections was widely used in clinic and played an important role in the disease treatment, however the adverse drug reaction caused by injections is also gradually aroused people's concern. In this paper, we analyzed the influencing factors and clinical manifestations of adverse drug reaction caused by TCM injections, and explored the nursing counter measures for decreasing the adverse reaction from strictly executing the doctors' orders, standardizing procedure of confecting solution, emphasizing drug quality observation, controlling the drop speed, strengthening the drug monitoring and rescuing, strengthening the professional knowledge learning, and paying attention to psychological nursing.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the current situation of nurse staffing level of 19 Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) hospitals in Tianjin. Methods: Cross-sectional survey conducted in 19 TCM hospitals with self-designed questionnaires in October 2015. Results: The bed-to-nurse ratios and doctor-to-nurse ratios were lower than the national staffing standards. The proportion of senior nurses and above was low, and most of the nurses had a college degree. TCM specialist training met the standard for nursing education. The proportion of nurses who graduated from TCM colleges was low. Conclusion: There is a shortage of nursing staffs among TCM hospitals. Healthcare strategies and efforts are needed to modify adequate nurse staffing levels.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) foot bath on 0 level diabetic foot by Meta analysis. Methods: MEDLINE, EMbase, CNKI, VIP and Wanfang Data were searched from the time of their data building to May, 2015. Review Manager 5.3.5 was used to analyze the articles. Results: Nine were included in this analysis, involving 853 patients. The effective rate of the intervention group were higher than the control group [OR=5.82, 95% CI(3.97, 8.53), P<0.001]. Conclusion: The effect of TCM foot bath on patients with 0 level diabetic feet is better than routine nursing care. However, large-scale randomized controlled trials of higher quality are needed to confirm this.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM) transitional care on disease mobility, quality of life and disease knowledge among patients with Ulcerative Colitis. Methods: Totally 82 patients with Ulcerative Colitis were recruited. All patients received routine treatment and counseling in outpatient department and received transitional care including disease assessment, dialectical nursing(dialectical medication, diet and nursing skills),emotional adjustment and health education. After 3 and 6 months, we compared the patients’ disease mobility, knowledge level, quality of life among patients by Modified Mayo Score, Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire (IBDQ), and Crohn's and Colitis Knowledge Score (CCKNOW). Results: After intervention, the scores of Mayo, knowledge level and quality of life were significantly better than those before intervention (P<0.05). Conclusion: TCM transitional care could effectively improve the symptom of disease, knowledge level, quality of life, and satisfaction among patients with Ulcerative Colitis.

Objective: To investigate the current status of caregiver reaction and resilience among cervical spinal cord injury patients with paraplegia, and to explore the influencing factors of caregiver reaction on resilience. Methods: Totally 203 cervical spinal cord injury patients with paraplegia and their caregivers were recruited and investigated by the Connor-Davidsen Resilience Scale and the Caregiver Reaction Assessment Scale. Results: The scores of health problems, disturbed time arrangements, economic problems, lack of family support, and self-esteem were 10.96±2.39, 16.34±3.60, 7.74±1.30,17.91±4.22 and 26.76±6.42, respectively. The total score of resilience was 62.80±17.65. The scores of health problems,disturbed time arrangements, economic problems, lack of family support were negatively correlated with the scores of tenacity, strength, optimism and total score of resilience (P<0.05), while the score of self-esteem were positively correlated with the scores of tenacity, strength, optimism and total score of resilience (P<0.05). Hierarchical regression analysis showed that all the dimensions of caregiver reaction could explained 24.4% of the total variance of the resilience among cervical spinal cord injury patients with paraplegia (P<0.05). Conclusions: The resilience among cervical spinal cord injury patients with paraplegia was in the middle level, and the caregiver reaction is an important influencing factor of resilience.The nursing staff could improve the level of patients' resilience by handling with their caregiver reaction.

Objective: To investigate the current status and influencing factors of Posttraumatic Growth (PTG) among spouses of productive age women with cervical cancer and hysterectomy. Methods: Ninety-seven spouses of productive age women with cervical cancer and hysterectomy were investigated using Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI), Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS) and Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire (SCSQ). Results: The total score of PTGI was(60.80±5.37), which was in the medium level. Objective support, positive coping postoperative time and treatment method of the spouses were influencing factors of PTG, which explained 74.9% of the variance of PTG. Conclusion: Nursing staff should strengthen the education of disease cognition among spouses of productive age women with cervical cancer and hysterectomy, and guide them according to their utilization of social support, coping style, and the different ways of treatment to improve their posttraumatic growth.

Objective: To investigate the prevention of Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) in patients with joint replacement and to provide the evidence for establishing prevention standard for the department of orthopedics. Methods:The trained nurses used Autar scale and self-designed questionnaire to assess patients with joint replacement in multicenter. Results: There were 330 patients form 10 hospitals investigated. Autar scale showed that, 108 patients (32.73%) before surgery, 322 patients (97.57%) after surgery and 269 patients (81.52%) discharged were in middle and high risk. There were significant differences of Autar scores (P<0.05) in different diseases and surgeries in different time. Prevention conditions:before the surgery, 3.03% patients wore elastic stockings, 0.61% patients used intermittent pneumatic pressure pump,0.30% patients used foot pump and 0.91% patients took medicine. The nurses had assessed 66.06% patients, provided basic prevention for 24.24% patients, and provided health education for 26.67% patients. After surgery, 3.03% patients wore elastic stockings, 37.27% patients used intermittent pneumatic pressure pump, 5.75% patients used foot pump, and 88.18% patients took medicine. The nurses had assessed 20.00% patients for the risk of bleeding, observed the clinic manifestation and provided health education for 64.24% patients. The nurses had provided basic prevention for 30.91% patients and avoided transfusion of lower limbs on 88.18% patients. There are no relevance between Autar scores and actual implementation (P>0.05). Conclusion: Patients with joint replacement are in a middle and high risk for DVT. The prevention measures are not good in department of orthopedics patients. The nurses must be aware of DVT, using specific scales to identify high risk patients, and use combined mechanical prevention measures and medicine preventions in time.

Objective: To explore the self-efficacy level and its influencing factors among convalescent burn patients.Methods: Totally 170 convalescent burn patients were recruited and investigated by General Information Questionnair,General Self-Efficacy Scale, Social Support Rating Scale, and Abbreviated Specific Burn health scale. Results: The mean score of general self-efficacy among convalescent burn patients was 22.19±5.27, which was significantly related with social support, quality of life and each dimension of quality of life (P<0.01). The influencing factors were gender, educational level, subjective support, support utilization, and physical function. Conclusions: The general self-efficacy among convalescent burn patients is not optimistic. We should take effective measures to enhance the patients' self-efficacy level,mobilize social resource, train the patients of their physical function, in order to improve the patients' quality of life.

Objective: To investigate and analyze the clinical nurses' cognition of telephone follow-up in the tertiary grade A hospitals of Chongqing and its influencing factors, in order to improve clinical nurses' capacity of telephone followup for discharged patients. Method: A total of 588 clinical nurses from eight tertiary Grade A hospitals of Chongqing had participated and completed the questionnaires that designed by the authors. Results: The overall score of the nurses' cognition was 123.10±11.55. The logistic regression analysis showed that the main factors related to nurses' perception of telephone follow-up included professional ranks, educational background, employment status, and nursing-teaching position. Conclusion:This study suggests that current clinical nurses' cognition of telephone follow-up could only be at a medium level. Nursing administrators should improve newly registered nurses' knowledge of the importance and necessity of telephone follow-up for discharged patients, and to add further training in medical pharmacy, psychological knowledge, and nursing specialties. This study also suggests to regulate the process of telephone follow-up and to standardize the health education for patients and families.

This article summarized the definition of family adjustment and adaptation, measuring tool and research status for breast cancer patients and their families, which designed to make family intervention to improve the ability of coping with cancer and to promote the family roles and functions recovery.

The incidence of breast cancer in China has been on a continuous rise, meanwhile, the age of suffers has shown a trend of getting younger during the last two decades, the majority of whom are of working age when diagnosed.With the improvement of breast cancer diagnosis and treatment technology, the survival rate of breast cancer patients is increasing year by year, which make it possible for more and more breast cancer survivals in working age to return to work.This article reviewed the incidence and survival rate of breast cancer, domestic and international research on the impact factors of returning to work, and the research status of intervention studies, aiming at providing a reference for the study of returning to work of Chinese breast cancer survivors.

Undesirable communication styles may affect the relationship adjustment of the couples suffering breast cancer. This article introduced in detail about a communication intervention programme's revision process, contents, implementation methods, and the effect of its preliminary evaluation for breast cancer patients' spouses. The programme was designed to help breast cancer patients' spouses to learn the appropriate communicate styles and provide some reference for related study of breast cancer patients' family support.

Objective: To evaluate the application and effect of PBL combined with seminar teaching in teaching ENT nursing course. Methods: Two classes of nursing students from sophmore year were randomly selected as experimental group (118 students) and control group (116 students), the experimental group received PBL combined with seminar teaching in classroom, the control group received Lecture-Based Learning (LBL), the application effect of two teaching methods were checked by the test achievement and questionnaire. Results: The results showed significant difference between the two groups (P<0.001). Conclusion: PBL and seminar teaching method stimulate student's interests in learning and activates the classroom atmosphere. Skills including critical thinking, autonomous learning ability, communication,and team work ability improved ultimately.

Objective: To examine nursing students' intention to work for community care and to analyze its influencing factors in order to provide evidence to employment guidance and to community care education. Methods: We conducted a survey of 255 nursing students from Jilin province by administering a self-designed questionnaire and then a followed-up interview to analyze their employment intentions. Results: There was statistically significant difference between the intention to work in communities among the nursing students' with different perception of community care (P<0.01).The intention to work in communities and the ideal employment intention were statistically significantly varied among the nursing students at 'being only child in family' and 'birthplace' (P<0.05). The nursing students who were not the only child in family and from rural areas appeared to be more willingly work for community-based care services. Conclusion: Majority of nursing students have little knowledge of community care so that their employment intention is not adequate while the ideal employment intention is diverse among nursing students. We suggest that medical institutions should actively promote reform in community care education and strengthen employment guidance accordingly.

Objective: Relying on “Positional Duel Education Mode” with schools and hospitals cooperation, we constructed nursing professional course to achieve the comprehensive combination of the nursing professional course and the occupational standard. Methods: On the basis of hospital works, the content of the course was restructured,and specific professional courses were designed to make the students successful in the practical setting. Results: Students survey showed that teachers rating score vary from (7.92±1.43) to (8.46±1.36) for their classroom teaching means and methods, the teaching effect, practical level, and advanced knowledge. Conclusions: “Positional Duel Education Mode” is career-oriented curriculum system closely combined with professional standards which benefits the students, schools and hospitals. Also, it motivates and proactive of three parties and improve the teaching outcomes and quality of professionals in the practical setting.

Objective: To explore the impact of internal marketing and job satisfaction on loyalty of nurses. Methods:Cluster sampling was adopted to investigate 844 registered nurses in a tertiary hospital of Tianjin. The participants were surveyed by internal marketing questionnaire, job satisfaction questionnaire and organizational commitment questionnaire.Pearson's correlation, multiple regression analysis and structural equation modeling were employed to analyze relationship between internal marketing, job satisfaction and loyalty of nurses. Results:The results of Pearson's correlation showed that the factors of internal marketing, job satisfaction and loyalty were correlated with each other; Meanwhile, the result of structural equation modeling confirmed that internal marketing and job satisfaction had a significant positive effect on the loyalty (P<0.01).Conclusions: Internal marketing and job satisfaction have significant effect on nurses’ loyalty. The nursing managers should regard internal marketing theory as an important management strategy to improve nurses’ job satisfaction and loyalty.

Objective: To investigate the status of ICU nurses' working environment and its influence on turnover intention. Methods: A total of 294 ICU nurses from 6 tertiary grade A hospitals in Beijing were selected and The Practice Environment Scale of the Nursing Work Index (PES-NWI) and Turnover Intention Scale were used. Results: The PESNWI scored 3.53±0.58, the scores of the five dimensions of PES-NWI were ranked as follows: high quality of nursing service, cooperation between doctor and nurse, nursing managers' ability and leadership style, nursing engagement in hospital daily operation, human resources and supply. The turnover intention scored 2.73±0.57. According to the results of multiple regression analysis, night shift frequency, marital status and nurses' working environment had significantly influenced turnover intention (P<0.01). Conclusion: Specific management measures should be taken by nursing managers in order to improve the nurses recognition of the work environment, thus to reduce the overall turnover rate.

Objective: To explore the influencing factors of psychological reward satisfaction on organizational citizenship behavior in nurses. Methods: Totally 453 nurses were recruited and interviewed by the Chinese version of psychological reward satisfaction Scale and Organizational Citizenship Behavior Scale. Results: The score of psychological reward satisfaction came from head nurse (14.16±2.02) was significantly higher than that came from doctor (12.91±1.85)(P<0.01). The score of each dimensions of organizational citizenship behavior was significantly positively related to the scores of psychological reward satisfaction came from head nurse and doctor (P<0.05). Hierarchical regression analysis showed that the employment mode, education and psychological reward satisfaction were the predictive factors of organizational citizenship behavior in nurses. Conclusion: The psychological reward satisfaction and organizational citizenship behavior in nurses were in the medium level, and improving the psychological reward satisfaction was beneficial to improving their organizational citizenship behavior. Nursing managers could improve the level of organizational citizenship behavior in nurses by improving their psychological reward satisfaction.

This article summarized the overseas research of theory model, measure tools, related factors and intervention measures about nursing teamwork in order to provide theory basis for improving the cooperation ability in domestic nurses, so as to improve the quality of nursing and the job satisfaction of nurses.

Objective: To explore the effect of the intensive follow-up transitional care management on young and middle aged patients with stroke. Methods: Totally 250 young and middle aged patients with stroke were randomly distributed into the control group (n=125) and the treatment group (n=125). The control group received regular telephone follow-up and outpatient follow-up after hospital discharge and the treatment group took intensive follow-up management.We compared the capacity in daily life, the incidence rate of end point and the care burden when the patients were discharged at 3months, 6months and one year respectively. Results: There was significantly difference between two groups at the level of capacity in daily life, care burden and incidence rate of end point (P<0.05). Conclusion: The intensive following-up transitional care management could increase the level of capacity in daily life but reduce the level of care burden and the incidence rate of end point of young and middle aged patient with stroke.

This paper analyzed the concept,assessment tools,affecting factor, and interventions of safety culture by means of review. Based on such, we put forward some help for clinical nurse to understand safety culture further and keep medical adverse event away.

Objective: This study aimed to describe Maintenance Hemodialysis (MHD) patients' self-management ability, and to explore the effect of continued nursing on self-management ability in aged MHD patients. Methods: In this study, 31 clients were selected from the hemodialysis center of a hospital in Changchun. The patients were surveyed using demographic questionnaire and Self-management Behavior Scale for Hemodialysis Patients before and after received continued nursing. Results: The patients' self-management ability was significantly improved after receiving continued nursing (P<0.05). Conclusions: Self-management ability of aged MHD patients was low. Continued nursing could improve the self-management behavior of MHD patients and their quality of life.

Objective: To investigate the effect of the nursing intervention based on protection motivation theory on the blood glucose self-monitoring for patients with diabetes mellitus. Methods: A total of 96 patients with diabetes mellitus were recruited and divided into the control group and the intervention group randomly with 48 patients in each group.Patients in control group received routine care and patients in intervention group received a further 3-month protection motivation theory-based nursing intervention besides routine care. We compared the knowledge, skill and protection motivation of blood glucose self-monitoring, blood glucose, and glycosylated hemoglobin between the two groups before and after 3 months of intervention. Results: After the intervention, the scores of the knowledge, skill and protection motivation of blood glucose self-monitoring in intervention group was higher than those of the control group. The blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin in intervention group was better than those in the control group. Conclusions:Nursing interventions based on protection motivation theory could enhance the knowledge,skill, and protection motivation of blood glucose self-monitoring, and promote patients' matabolic index to reach the standard.

This review summarized current knowledge and research status on preventing measures in critical patients with Intensive Care Unit-Acquired Weakness (ICU-AW), so as to improve clinical nursing consciousness and reduce the incidence of ICU-AW.

Objective: This study aimed to develop a competency assessment indicator system for hemopurification nurses in China by using Delphi Technique. Methods: After a comprehensive literature review, theory analysis and semi-structured interview, the competency assessment indicator system for hemopurification nurses was developed by two rounds of questionnaire survey. Weight coefficients of the first and second level indicators were determined by combining Delphi technique and Analytic Hierarchy Process. Results: The competency assessment indicator system for hemopurification nurses composed of 4 first level indicators (professional knowledge, skills, abilities and psychological traits), 20 second level indicators and 48 third level indicators. The authoritative coefficient was 0.900; the coordination coefficients of the second round survey (0.554, 0.533, 0.579) were all better than those of the first round (0.436, 0.315, 0.318).Conclusions: The development of competency assessment indicator system for hemopurification nurses followed a robust research method. It could be applied in the human resource management of hemopurification nurses.

Objective: To investigate lung cancer patients' stigma levels and its influencing factors. Methods: Totally 739 lung cancer patients were investigated using the version of Cataldo Lung Cancer Stigma Scale to explore the levels and influencing factors of stigma. Results: The average score of stigma was 61.94±12.48, among which, smokers' average stigma score was 63.98±12.29, and non-smoker's average score was 60.34±12.50 (P<0.05). The single factors analysis, and the multiple regression analysis had shown that smoking or not and average families income levels were the influencing factors of stigma. Conclusions: The fact that the lung cancer stigma level is lower than that of foreign research maybe because that our public tobacco control regulations was putting forward later than that of western countries. Lung cancer patients who are smokers or from low-income groups should be paid more attention with useful interventions to lower their stigma level and promote their health.

Objectives: To explore the correlation between family function and self-management behaviors among school-aged children with type I diabetes mellitus. Methods: Totally 215 school-aged children with type I diabetes mellitus were recruited from Jan 2013 to Jan 2014 in our hospital and investigated by. the Summary of Diabetes Self-care Activities and Family APGAR Index. Results: The self-management behaviors among school-aged children with type I diabetes mellitus were fairly good. The diet factor and drug compliance got highest scores, while blood sugar monitoring got lowest score. The overall family function of the children was relatively good. About 62.3% and 32.1% children had good and moderate family function, respectively, while 5.6% children had severe family dysfunction. There was a positive correlation between family function and self-management behaviors among school-aged children with type1 diabetes mellitus (r=0.168,P<0.05) . Conclusions: The family function of school-aged children with type I diabetes mellitus has close relationship with their self-management behaviors, therefore, we should improve the children'family function to enhance their selfmanagement behaviors.

Objective: To explore the effect of cluster nursing on Deep Vein Thrombosis of lower extremity among elderly patients in the orthopaedic department. Methods: We recruited and divided major operation patients in our department into control group from January to June, 2014 and study group from July to December, 2014 with 70 patients in each group.The control group received routine care, while the study group with 67 patients finishing the whole intervention adopt cluster nursing management in addition to routine care. We compared the incidence of Deep Vein Thrombosis of lower extremity between the patients in two groups. Results: The incidence of Deep Vein Thrombosis of lower extremity was significantly lower in study group than that of the control group (P<0.05). Conclusions: Cluster nursing could reduce the incidence of Deep Vein Thrombosis of lower extremity effectively and enhance the patients' rehabilitation.

Through analysising the background, the role function and the training and management model of the foreign research nurse, comparing with the actuality of the research nurse's industrial status in our country, this paper aims to provide the basis for our research nurses' standardized training and management.

Taking the knowledge sharing as the breakthrough point,the paper expounds the connotation of knowledge sharing, related theory of knowledge sharing , and the influence factors of knowledge sharing, and discusses the knowledge sharing research on the significance of nursing management, which aims to incentive the knowledge sharing of nurse from individual knowledge into collective knowledge. So we can get the purpose of improving whole knowledge content of nursing team, perfecting the nurse comprehensive ability, improving the quality of nursing and satisfying the needs of society.

High quality Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) is the important influencing factor of the patients' outcome. How to improve the rescuer's resuscitation quality is a problem demanding prompt solution. This article reviewed the current status of the application and coping strategies of high quality CPR in order to provide references for implementing high quality CPR.

This paper expounds the concept and basic connotation of the learning organization. Through the analysis and summary of relevant literature, the paper expounds the research status of assessment tools of the learning organization, the status and influencing factors of learning organization of clinical nursing staff, and application effects of learning organization in the field of clinical nursing. The article also points out the future research direction of the learning organization in the field of clinical nursing.

Through describing the related concepts, contents and evaluation criteria of infants and children's feeding index, we summarized the influencing factors of infants' feeding and pointed out the current status in the world to provide the assessment on infants' nutrition status for further studies.

This paper summarized the status of psychological contract, including the concept, guiding significance to clinical management, measurement method, management effects, as well as influencing factors, intervention. Finally,we prospected the psychological contract management under the new medical model. In order to provide nursing managers references to improve nurses' psychological contract.