Depressive disorder is a common mental disorder, which seriously affects the quality of life, and greatly increases the burden of social and family. Effective nursing interventions play an important role on promoting patients' early recovery, reducing the risk of recurrence, and helping them to return to normal life. Hospital care, community and home care were reviewed in this article, in order to provide guidance for further research of depression care.

Objective: To investigate the effects of group psychological therapy in orientation of cognitive and behavior on depression for empty nester. Method: Totally 141 empty nesters were recruited, they accepted 8 sessions of group psychological therapy. Self-rating Depression Scale(SDS) was used to assess the effect after intervention. Results:The SDS scores respectively were (39.49±10.16) and (36.43±11.23) before and after intervention. The detection rates of mild depression and moderate-severe depression were 22.7% and 29.8% respectively before intervention, the detection rates of mild depression and moderate-severe depression were 23.4% and 23.4% respectively after intervention. There were statistical significance in difference of the scores of depression and its detection rate before and after intervention(P<0.001). Conclusion: Depression is a common negative emotion among empty nester, and group psychological intervention can improve the depression of empty nester.

Objective: To examine nurses' knowledge and attitude about depressive disorder in Beijing. Methods: We distributed the questionnaires to 447 nurses from four hospitals in Beijing. Results: On depression-related knowledge, 447 nurses’ score was 11.99 ± 4.85, average score at awareness of the disease was 43.02%. The scores of nurses’ depressionrelated knowledge were statistically significantly different to the rank of hospital, type of department, length of work,professional grade (P<0.01). The score from non-psychiatric nurses was significantly lower than it from psychiatric nurses and non-psychiatric doctors (P<0.01). The attitude to depression between non-psychiatric nurses and psychiatric nurses were compared resulting as some of items were statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: Nurses in general are lack of knowledge of depression, and their awareness of the disease appears at low level. There is a necessity to improve nonpsychiatric nurses’ knowledge and attitudes about depression. We suggest strengthening further training to improve nurses’ knowledge and skills of identifying depression to ensure good quality of care.

Objectives: To analyse the characteristic of somatic symptoms of Chinese diabetic patients comorbided with depression. Method: Totally 137 T2DM inpatients were included. Centre for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale(CES-D) was used to screening depression symptoms and SSI was used to assess the somatic symptoms with the Chinese version of DDS assessing diabetes related emotional distress. Results: The prevalence of depression was 24.8%. DDS score,SSI score and the number of somatic symptoms in depression group was significantly higher than non-depression group.SSI score was negatively related to education level (r= -0.216, P=0.011), positively related to comorbidity of complicaiton(r=0.225, P=0.008), positively related to age (r=0.191, P=0.025), positively related to the number of complications (r =0.335,P<0.001), positively related to CES-D score (r=0.466, P<0.001) and DDS score (r=0.392, P<0.001). Multiple linear stepwise regression analysis showed that CES-D score, DDS score and the number of complications entered the equation and could explain 39.1% of the variation of SSI score (P<0.001). Conclusion: Chinese diabetic patients complicated with depression tended to have more somatic symptoms. There were overlapping in somatic symptoms of diabetes and somatization symptom of depression. Complaining of increasing somatic symptoms was a clue to identify depression in patients with diabetes.

Objective: To investigate the level of symptom burden among Maintenance Hemodialysis patients and explore the correlation between symptom burden and sleep quality, quality of life. Methods: Totally 143 maintenance hemodialysis patients from Xiangya Hospital and the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from May, 2013 to May, 2014 were recruited, general demographic data questionnaire, Dialysis Symptom Index (DSI), Pittsburgh sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and SF-36 were used to assess symptom burden, sleep quality and quality of life in maintenance hemodialysis patients. Results: The mean score of symptom burden was (76.69±37.95), the average symptom number was(13.12±5.27). The PSQI showed that 116 cases (81.11%)suffered sleep disorder, the mean score of PSQI was (10.96±4.46). Spearman correlation test showed the symptom burden was correlated positively with the sleep quality (r=0.527), and negatively with quality of life (r=-0.599~-0.200). Conclusion: Most maintenance hemodialysis patients suffered severe and many symptoms at the same time. Sleep quality and the quality of life were generally low, and symptom burden were correlated with the sleep quality and quality of life. Nurses should instruct patients to improve sleep quality and manage symptoms in order to reduce symptom burden and improve patients' quality of life.

Objective: To investigate the resilience status of college nursing students before practice and analyze its influencing factors. Methods: A total of 146 nursing students before the internship were investigated by general information questionnaire, Adolescent Mental Resilience Scale (RSCA), Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire (SCSQ), Self-Rating Anxiety Scale(SAS), General Self Efficacy Scale (GSES) and Social Support Rating Scale (SRSS). Results: The total score of nursing students' resilience was (92.86±10.39) before the internship and average score was (3.44±0.39), it was at the mid upper level. The highest dimension was positive cognitive with average score (3.91±0.72). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that active coping style, general self efficacy, social support, the one-child cases, family income and anxiety level were the predictors of resilience (P<0.05), explaining 49.7% of the total variance. Conclusion: Schools, families and teaching hospitals need to continuously evaluate nursing students' psychological state before the internship and strengthen their resilience by reducing anxiety and enhancing positive coping to help them finish their clinical practice smoothly.

Objective: To explore the status quo and influencing factors of volume management in patients with (CAPD). Methods: Totally 146 patients were investigated and clinically follow-up regularly with general information questionnaire and Volume Management Scale. Results: The total score of patients' volume management ability was(17.38±3.79). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that gender, education level and occupation status were influencing factors of volume management ability (P<0.05). Conclusion: CAPD patients' volume management ability should be improved. Nurses should promote patients′ volume management ability according to different gender, education level and occupation status.

Objective: To translate the Kayser-Jones Brief Oral Health Status Examination (BOHSE) to Chinese, to test the reliability and validity, and to evaluate the feasibility. Methods: The original BOHSE was translated to Chinese,back-translated, and adapted culturally. The final Chinese version of BOHSE was used to screen the oral health of 360 hospitalized geriatric patients and the reliability and validity of the scale was evaluated. Results: The internal consistency coefficient of the Chinese version of BOHSE was 0.873. The test-retest reliability was 0.775. The inter-rater reliability was 0.737. The construct validity coefficient was 0.848. Five common factors were extracted, including tongue, gums between teeth and/or under artificial teeth, condition of natural teeth, pairs of teeth in chewing position and dental health status, and accounted for 66.261% of the total variance. Conclusions: The Chinese version of BOHSE demonstrates good reliability and validity and is suitable for Chinese elderly.

Objective: To explore the effect of transitional care on self-care behaviors and health behaviors in patients with heart failure. Methods: Totally100 heart failure patients were assigned into control group (50 cases) and intervention group (50 cases). The control group were treated with routine care, and the intervention group received routine care plus transitional care. Both groups were evaluated at 3 months and 6 months after discharge with Self-care of Heart Failure Index (SCHFI) and Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile (HPLP) . Results: After 3 and 6 months after discharge, the scores of SCHFI, HPLP of the intervention group were significantly better than those of the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion:Transitional care can effectively improve self-care behaviors and health behaviors in patients with heart failure.

Objective: To cross-culturally adapt the Nursing Student Safety Attitudes and Professionalism Survey and evaluate its validity and reliability. Methods: The Medical Student Safety Attitudes and Professionalism Survey (MSSAPS) was translated into Chinese, back translated and culturally modified, then was revised through Delphi Method. Finally the psychometric characteristics of the questionnaire were tested among 494 nursing students from 24 medical schools.Results: The questionnaire included 33 items belonging to 6 dimensions which were safety culture, teamwork culture, error disclosure culture, experiences with professionalism, comfort expressing professional concerns and safety behavioral intent.The Cronbach's α coefficient was 0.911 for the whole questionnaire and 0.831~0.908 for the dimensions; the test-retest reliability was 0.819. The average of S-CVI was 0.954, I-CVI/Ave were 0.883~1.000; five factors were extracted by a factor analysis using principal components analysis and varimax rotation method, which explained 61.528% of the total variance and were in accordance with the original scale. Conclusion: The Chinese version of Nursing Student Safety Attitudes and Professionalism Survey is a reliable and valid instrument to assess the patient safety attitudes and professionalism of Chinese nursing students.

Objective: To evaluate the quality of clinical practice guidelines for acute heart failure in order to provide reference and consultation for clinical practice. Methods: We searched the databases of PubMed, EMbase, SinoMed,CNKI, WanFang and the online resources such as SIGN, NICE, NGC, RNAO et al. to gather clinical practice guidelines nationally and internationally for acute heart failure. We reviewed and examined the chosen guidelines by AGREE II instrument and meanwhile assessed the overall agreement among reviewers via the intragroup correlation coefficient (ICC).Results: A total of seven evidence-based guidelines for acute heart failure were finally included holding recommendation level B and the mean scores of six domains by AGREE II were 87.10%, 63.10%, 62.50%, 87.69%, 53.13% and 47.32% respectively.Intragroup observer agreement was significantly good and the overall intragroup correlation coefficient was 0.84 ( P<0.001).Conclusion: The clinical practice guidelines for acute heart failure are of good quality in general. However, we suggest that the methodology of those guidelines, especially in terms of applicability and independence, should be better normalized. The recommendations for acute heart failure should be suitable to local clinical/medical environments (e.g. China).

Objective: To investigate the current status of post traumatic growth and resilience among patients rolling out from the intensive care unit (ICU), and to explore the effect of resilience on post traumatic growth. Methods: Totally 356 patients rolling out from the ICU were investigated by general information questionnaire, Post Traumatic Growth Assessment Scale, and the Chinese version of the CD-RISC Resilience Scale. Results: The mean scores of post traumatic growth and resilience were (65.12±15.83) and (65.23±13.32), respectively. The subscales of post traumatic growth were positively correlated with the subscales of resilience (P<0.05). Hierarchical regression analysis showed that the mechanical ventilation, education, age, tenacity, optimism and self-reliance were the influencing factors of post traumatic growth(P<0.05). Conclusions: The post traumatic growth and resilience among patients rolling out from ICU were in the low level,and the tenacity, optimism and self-reliance were the influencing factors of post traumatic growth.

Objective: The study was aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of safe transport procedure management (STPM) for critically ill patients within hospital. Methods: The STPM was conducted for a total of 553 critically ill patients in our hospital from Oct. 2014 to Apr. 2015. We retrospectively reviewed the data and evaluate its effectiveness. Results: The average time spent on safe transport was 25.1±9.7 minutes for per critical ill patient. There were no events as patients' death,cardiac arrest, respiratory shock, and dropping down from bed occurred during the process of transport. Conclusion: The STPM includes a standard flow sheet, a standard equipment of transshipment goods and drugs, effective informed consent,perfect transfer system, qualification requirement for the transport staff, multi-disciplinary participation in practice and training, and professional management, which is an important guarantee for transporting critically ill patients within hospital.

Objective: To understand the status and influencing factors of low back pain of nurses in three level three class-A hospital and to reduce occupational injuries and to promote the professional development of nurses. Methods: We investigated the nurses who have obtained the nurse practicing certificate and engaged in clinical nursing more than one year in three level three class-A hospital in Yinchuan from June to November 2014. Results: The 840 of 909 participants had a vocational low back pain, accounting for 92.4%. Among them, 367 nurses had low back pain in each shift,accounting for 43.7%, and 401 nurses pained over 10min, accounting for 47.7%. The low back pain of nurses in tertiary grade A hospital was related to education, length of service, height of operating table, working night shift and intensity of work. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: The high prevalence of low back pain was found among the nurses in level three class-A hospital. Its influencing factors include education, length of service, operating table height, working night shift and work intensity. We should take positive measures to reduce the incidence of low back pain of nurses, and to promote the physical and mental health of nurses.

Objective: To explore the current work status and work barriers of orthopedic nurse specialists in Anhui province. Methods: A total of 99 nurses in the training program of orthopedic nurse specialists between 2012 and 2014 participated in the study. They were surveyed by a self-designed questionnaire. Results: Of all the 99 participants, 89 (89.9%)worked as an orthopedic nurse, and 10 (10.1%) no longer worked in the orthopedic department; 35 (35.4%) participants took part in the nursing consultation work of the hospital, 74 (74.7%) undertook nursing students’ teaching work, 52 (52.5%) shoulder the work of training young nurse and 20 (20.2%) took part in teaching college nursing students. Only 25.5% nurses had a special position in their hospitals, 63.6% nurses had published papers, 37.4% had participated in certain project and 36.4% had carried on a new technical program. More than half (64.6%) of participants thought “there is no definition of clinical nurse specialist’s work”, “difficult to do the special work only” (63.6%), “no more gain of doing nursing special work” (60.6%) and “working overload (57.6%)” were the barriers to special nursing work. Conclusion: It is necessary to increase the selection criterion of orthopedic nurse specialists, taking advantage of their innovation and research ability properly. Hospitals should optimize human resources, and set up specialization position to promote the further development of special nursing work.

Objective: To investigate ICU nurses' career planning. Methods: By convenience sampling, totally 293 ICU nurses in 2 tertiary general hospitals in Wenzhou were investigated with a modified career planning questionnaire.Results: The average score of ICU nurses' career planning was 86.33±15.39. The 2 dimensions with the lowest scores were self-recognition and environmental assessment, and the 2 dimensions with the highest scores were action plan and career objective. The scores of career planning were statistically different among nurses of different gender, position, educational background, professional title, and length of work (P<0.05). Conclusion: We should give more attention to ICU nurses' career planning. Career planning related courses should be provided in nursing colleges. Hospital and department managers should give ICU nurses related continuing education and management according to their characteristics.

Objective: To explore the influence of CDIO teaching mode on critical thinking ability and clinical communication ability of nursing students in their medical nursing clinical practice. Methods: Two classes of nursing students were assigned to experimental group (n=30) and control group (n=30). Traditional teaching method and CDIO teaching method were used in the control group and the experimental group respectively. Students' performance in their critical thinking ability and clinical communication ability were compared before and after clinical practice. Results: The total score of critical thinking ability and the scores of searching for truth, open mind, systematization ability, critical thinking, seeking knowledge and cognitive maturity of nursing students in the experimental group were higher than those of the control group (P<0.05). The total score of clinical communication ability and the scores of establishing harmonious relationship, confirming patients' problem, joint participation and delivering effective information of nursing students in the experimental group were higher than those of the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: CDIO teaching mode can improve critical thinking ability and clinical communication ability of nursing students.

Objective: To explore the effects of using simulation in promoting a range of outcomes in nursing students based on experiences in different roles. Methods: A set of instruments developed by the National League for Nursing(NLN) were used in the study, including the Simulation Design Scale (SDS), the Educational Practices in Simulation Scale(EPSS), and the Student Satisfaction and Self-Confidence in Learning Scale. Results: The simulation was evaluated to be a valuable teaching-learning method to develop professional understanding and insight independent of roles. Conclusion:Both methods of learning (practical experience or vicarious learning) may bridge the gap between theory and practice and contribute to the development of skills in reflective and critical thinking.

Objective: To evaluate the application effect of psychological intervention by five-sound music therapy in combination with acupressure in patients with Ulcerative Colitis. Methods: From April 2014 to April 2015, 71 Ulcerative Colitis patients accompanied by anxiety were divided into two groups randomly, with 36 cases into experimental group and 35 cases into control group. The control group used conventional psychological care solely, while the experimental group added five-sound music therapy with acupressure. Then, compare the differences between the groups by using Hamilton anxiety scale and nursing care satisfaction. Results: The total score of Hamilton anxiety rating scale in the test group were superior to the control group. The differences of nursing care satisfaction were statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion:The application of psychological intervention by five-sound music therapy with acupressure can effectively alleviate the anxiety level in Ulcerative Colitis patients, and improve the rating of nursing satisfaction as well.

Objective: To analyze the development status of evidence-based nursing in mainland China. Methods:We searched and analyzed the evidence-based nursing literature published in CNKI, Wanfang Data, SinoMed, Pubmed,Medline, Embase, the Cochrane Library, CINAHL and Web of Science databases from January 2001 to December 2014.Results: From January 2001 to December 2014, evidence-based nursing literature in mainland China showed a yearly increasing trend; Evidence-based nursing literature extended from the initial theoretical explanation to various types of literature, such as systematic review, education and clinical application; Literatures which reported standardized clinical application only accounted for 1.5%, while those misunderstanding the evidence-based nursing accounted for 77.8%. Conclusion: Evidence-based nursing in mainland China has been developing fast and comprehensively. However,the literature quality of evidence-based nursing needs urgent improvement and nurses' capacity to conduct evidence-based practice needs to be enhanced to carry out evidence-based nursing practice better.

Objective: To examine the efficacy of continuing low-flow non-humidified nasal cannula oxygen therapy.Methods: We searched the databases such as CBMdisc, CNKI, VIP, PubMed, EMbase, Web of Science and Cochrane library to gather the studies on low-flow non-humidified nasal cannula oxygen therapy of which those were under the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi- randomized controlled trials. The quality of studies was evaluated and the data were selected by two independent reviewers. Results: Twelve RCTs were finally included and they were at medium level in quality. The meta-analysis showed little significant difference in respiratory symptoms between the two groups(P>0.05), but there was statistically difference in the incidence of humidifier pollution and respiratory tract infection,operating time of oxygen therapy and patients' satisfaction (P<0.05). Conclusion: The continuing low-flow non-humidified nasal cannula oxygen therapy could reduce the incidence of humidifier pollution and respiratory tract infection. The technique also could shorten operating time of oxygen therapy and improve patients' satisfaction with little respiratory symptoms. Research from multicenter RCTs should be beneficial to further confirm the result.

We designed the pain assessment and recording information system based on mobile nursing information system in our hospital, including the pain evaluation electric sheet, standard record language logging, the pain score dynamic curve exhibition etc. The data in different parts can be translated. The application of pain assessment and recording information system is designed to meet the requirement of pain management in our hospital. This information system could save nurses' time of assessing and recording pain and improve the standardization and systematicness in nursing pain management.

Objective: To establish and apply an intelligent scheduling software which could systematically build shift schedule for student nurse and also improve its work efficiency for nurse manager. Methods: We developed an intelligent scheduling software replacing traditional manually conducted scheduling system to meet student nurse's clinical training requirements by syllabus. Results: This intelligent scheduling software could actualize intelligent information management.The system saves time for nursing manager from arranging schedules and meanwhile increases student nurse's satisfaction from training schedule and improves the quality of clinical education. This system also could personalize a schedule for student nurse where applicable. Conclusion: The application of the intelligent scheduling system for student nurse could not only improve the efficiency of scheduling, but also meet the educational requirements by clinical training syllabus. It could promote satisfaction of student nurse training as well as hospital management.

Chaoyang District of Beijing first established Quality Control and Improvement of Nosocomial Infection Management Center in 2010. During the past five years, Quality Control Center implemented a new grid management approach without experience reference, reinforced nosocomial infection supervision as well as launched a series of training and research activities. The Quality Control Center played an important role in promoting hospital infection management and reducing the incidence of errors, thus management and practice could be mutually reinforcing, and facilitated continuous improvement.

Thrombolysis therapy is the only effective method for the acute ischemic stroke at present, but it is subject to the time window. In-hospital delay will deprive therapy opportunity of those patients who arrive at hospital in the time window. The paper reviewed the current status and influencing factors of in-hospital delay in thrombolysis process among ischemic stroke patients in order to provide reference for reducing the in-hospital delay time.

Objective: To evaluate three-step method of blood gas acid-base disturbance analysis in training junior nurses in emergency department. Methods: The two groups of nurses who were trained three-step and six-step method,respectively, analyzed 5 cases by herself/himself on the day of training, recording the time and the analyzing results. After a week, the two groups of nurses analyed another 5 cases. We observed the understanding and forgotten status of the two methods. Results:The mean time of analyzing a case through three-step method was shorter than that of six-step method, and there was significant statistical difference between the two group (P<0.01). The average time of six-step method after a week was longer than that before a week (P<0.01) and the error rate of six-step was higher than that of three-step and the results had significant statistical difference (P<0.01). Conclusions: The three-step method of blood gas analysis is more suitable than the classic six-step method to train junior nurses in emergency department.

The depth of catheter insertion would affect the effectiveness of suctioning among patients with artificial airway. Currently, there is no regulation about the depth of catheter insertion when nurses perform the suctioning. To provide evidence for clinical nurses, this paper has reviewed the different depths of catheter insertion as well as their effectiveness,safety, and measuring methods.

Objective: To explore the effect of Yoga exercise guidance on female caregivers of patients with lymphoma.Methods: By using random number table, 72 female caregivers of patients with lymphoma were randomly divided into intervention group (n=36) and control group (n=36). The intervention group received Yoga exercise guidance for six months,and the control group maintained routine life style. Totally 72 caregivers were assessed with Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90),Caregiver Burden Inventory (CBI) and body mass index (BMI) before and after the intervention. Results: After six months of intervention, the total score of SCL-90 and its scores of somatization, depression, anxiety, terror, and other factors in the intervention group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). The overall score of CBI and the scores in time dependent, physiological and emotional load subscales in the intervention group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). Moreover, the BMI in intervention group were better than those in the control group (P<0.05).Conclusion: Yoga exercise guidance on female caregivers of patients with lymphoma can effectively improve the caregiver's physical and psychological health, relieve their caregiving burden and promote their quality of life.

This paper summarized the concept of pain anagement, the current state of pain management at home and abroad, the working modes of pain management and patient satisfaction assessment methods are discussed. Some suggestions on pain management work in our country were put forwarded.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of lower limb muscles strength exercise based on self-efficacy theory among elders in nursing institution. Methods: We recruited 52 elders in nursing institution during April 2014 to August 2014. According to the different floors, we divided them into the experimental group and the control group with 25 in the experimental group and 27 in the control group. The experimental group received lower limb muscles strength exercise based on self-efficacy theory three times a week for 16 weeks, while the control group received routine care in nursing institution.Results: The adherence rate of lower limb muscles strength exercise was 88%. After the interventions, there were significant differences in the time of Five-Times Sit-to-Stand Test and exercise self-efficacy scores between the two groups (P<0.05).Conclusion: Lower limb muscles strength exercise based on self-efficacy theory could improve the elder's lower limb muscle strength and exercise self-efficacy, and improve their exercise adherence and enhance the exercise effect.

In this paper, we summarized the clinical observation and effective nursing care of patients with Alzheimer's Disease, in order to clarify the method of nursing intervention, to provide meaningful guidance for family intervention strategy.

Objective: The feed forward control method was applied to hospital management of diabetic hypoglycemia, in order to reduce the incidence of hypoglycemic events. Methods: In 2014, the authors analyzed the hypoglycemic events of diabetic inpatients from 2012 to 2013, and then feed forward control method was used to manage this problem. Results: After the implementation of feed forward control method, the nurses' knowledge awareness of hypoglycemia prevention and treatment increased from 56.33% to 98.59%. The nurses' implementation rate of formulating diabetes individualized diet increased from 62.22% to 97.11%, exercise prescription rate for diabetes patients increased from 66.06% to 97.24%. The standard rate of 15g-glucose food preparation increased from 81.54% to 99.25%. And hypoglycemic events incidence reduced from 22.14% to 3.27%. Conclusion: The application of feed forward control method could effectively reduce the hypoglycemic events in diabetic inpatients; and improve the nurses' ability to solve clinical problems.

It is confirmed that patient self-management could effectively control the course of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), improve the patients' life quality, save medical resource, while not affect the health outcomes during the stable-phase of IBD. This article summarized the self-management and its related factors of IBD patients.

As one of the long-term intravenous therapy tool, Peripherally Inserted Central Catheters (PICC) has been promoted widely in clinic. However, it would also bring a series of complications. Catheter related thrombosis is one of the most common and serious complication, which would bring many undesirable consequences, such as increasing the hospitalization time and expenses, and would even cause pulmonary embolism. Thus, we should take prophylactic thrombosis measures effectively and reduce its harmful effects. Risk assessment is the key to prevent thrombosis. This paper has reviewed the research status of risk factors and risk assessment tool of catheter related thrombosis, aiming at providing references for clinical practice.