Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) would cause high morbidity and mortality and is an important cause of disability and handicap worldwide. Pulmonary rehabilitation, oxygen therapy, ventilator support and continuous nursing are now well recognized as the effective and key interventions in the management of COPD. These interventions would improve the exercise endurance, respiratory function and quality of life of COPD patients differently.

Objective: To identify the level and influencing factors of self-management of patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) in the community, and to provide information for the community care professionals to make interventions to improve the self-management level of patients with COPD. Methods: A total of 260 patients with COPD in community were investigated with Self-management Scale (SMS) for Chinese patients with COPD. Results: The mean score of SMS of patients with COPD in community was 156.92±36.47. Results from multiple regression analysis showed that levels of education, times of hospitalization because of COPD last year, and smoking were the influencing factors of self-management.Conclusion: The level of self-management of COPD was low in the community. The level of education, times of hospitalization because of COPD last year, and smoking were the influencing factors of self-management of patients with COPD in the community.

The "expert-community nurse-COPD family" disease management network was established by a specialized team. It includes four modules: organization structure and association approach, responsibilities of personnel in all levels, support of community nurses, and support of COPD families. The application of this management network effectively improved the knowledge and behavior of COPD families, the quality life of patients, the service condition of health resource.

The statistic data from WHO show that the burden of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) ranks fifth in the global and there is an upward trend. Research data show that patients with COPD have pulmonary rehabilitation training, which can significantly improve the quality of life, reduce the number of acute attacks, and the risk of hospitalization.Our hospital set up pulmonary rehabilitation outpatient led by our respiratory care nurse. They provided a professional assessment, implementing a plan of lung rehabilitation training and case management to COPD patient. This way can not only improve patients BODE score and exercise capacity, but also reduce the degree of respiratory problems and improve lung function. It is an efficient way to provide extended care to COPD patients.

Objective: In order to provide an objective, reasonable, normative and feasible standard for evaluating the humanistic caring ability of head-nurses, the authors preliminarily developed the nurses' satisfaction questionnaire to analyze headnurses' humanistic caring level evaluated by nurses. Methods: Through experts interview and literature review, the questionnaire was formulated consisting of 3 first-level indicators, 8 second-level indicators and 41 third-level indicators.With the Delphi Expert Consultation Method, they consulted 19 experts specialized in nursing education, nursing management and clinical nursing twice.Results: The effective return rates of two-round experts consulting questionnaires were 90.48% and 94.74%, the authority coefficient of expert group was 0.81. Based on the advices of experts, one second-level indicator and 11 third-level items of questionnaire were revised or deleted; as a result, the questionnaire consisted of 3 first-level indicators, 8 second-level indicators and 36 third-level indicators. Conclusion: With highly enthusiasm, experts gave great supports and a lot of effective advices. By experts consulting twice, the questionnaire was improved to evaluate the nurses' satisfaction on head nurses' humanistic caring ability. In order to provide evidences for popularizing this questionnaire, reliability and validity test is needed in further research.

Objective: To explore the influence factors of nurses' professional commitment in a comprehensive grade III-A hospital, and provide scientific basis for intervention measures worked out by nursing administrators. Method: A cross-sectional study was carried out among the registered nurses in a comprehensive grade III-A hospital with general condition questionnaire and 7 scales of nurses, professional commitment, working environment, job stress, job burnout, job satisfaction, social support and organizational commitment, respectively. Multiple linear regression model was applied to analyzing the influence factors of nurses,professional commitment. Result: A total of 632 registered nurses were recruited. The score of nurses, professional commitment was range 1.3~5.0, median 3.2 (2.8, 3.5). Multiple linear regression analysis disclosed that age, professional and technical titles,employment form, salary, and the level of organizational commitment, job satisfaction and job burnout were the influence factors of nurses, professional commitment. Conclusion: The nurses' professional commitment was at middle level. The influence factors of nurses, professional commitment included age, professional and technical titles, employment form, salary, and the level of organizational commitment, job satisfaction and job burnout.

Objective: To translate and develop the Chinese version of Fall Risk Factor Score Table (C-FRFST) and to evaluate reliability, validity of the C-FRFST. Methods: The C-FRFST was adapted following the standard process of "Translation-Back translation-Cultural Adjustment-Preliminary Test-Field Test". Using C-FRFST to assess fall risk in 238 cases of cardiovascular department and analyze the reliability and validity of the test results. Results: The C-FRFST had 11 dimensions and 27 items. The Cronbach's α was 0.865, and the repeatability was 0.985. The inter-rater reliability was 0.988. The content validity index (CVI) for each item was ranged from 0.9 to 1.0 and the CVI for overall table was 0.95. Exploratory factor analysis yielded with an eleven-factor solution, explaining 62.868% of the total variance. There were significant differences in total score of discriminate validity. Conclusion:The C-FRFST shows good reliability and validity can be used by clinical nurses to assess fall risk for hospitalized elderly patients.

Objective: To describe the nursing professional role development situation of undergraduate nurses in Sichuan province. Methods: Using stratified randomization method, 488 undergraduate nurses and their managers in Sichuan province were selected and investigated. Results: The self-evaluation score of professional role was 29.69±4.84 and the unit-evaluation score was 30.49±5.50 which was better than self-evaluation (P<0.05). The self-evaluation and unit-evaluation had nearly the same order.The evaluation scores of caring patient and improving nursing quality were the highest and the scores of developing other nursing projects beyond clinical nursing care and leading other nurse to develop scientific research were the lowest. Conclusion: Generally,the professional role development of undergraduate nurses in Sichuan province is relatively positive, but it is also need improvement,especially the scientific research and innovation role development.

Objective: To explore the status of knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of first-aid among airport staff and the need for first-aid training among airport staff. Methods: Totally 127 airport staff were recruited by simple random sampling method.Questionnaires of demography data, KAP of first-aid, and need for first-aid training which designed by researchers were used.Results: The scores of knowledge and practice were lower compared with attitude scores. There was a positive significant correlation among knowledge, attitude and practice (P<0.05). The KAP scores who received first-aid training were higher than those without training (P<0.05). About 96.8% respondents believed that the first-aid training is necessary for them. Conclusion: The knowledge and practice of first-aid are lower among airport staff, which deserves further improvement. First-aid attitude is positive but the rescues confidence is deficiency. The airport staff had strong desire to receive first-aid training. First-aid training should be widespread carried out and relevant laws also need to be issued by government.

Objective: To investigate the care burden level and influencing factors among the family caregivers of the disabled elderly. Methods: A total of 135 family caregivers from 2 tertiary level first class hospitals were investigated using the Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI), Social Support Ratings Scale (SSRS) and General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES). Results: The total score of family caregivers' burden was (39.56±12.88). Regression analysis (R2=0.539, F=20.206, P<0.001) showed that the main influencing factors of caregivers burden including subjective support, depression or anxiety symptom, the total care time, objective support level and self-efficacy level of the caregivers, Barthel index score and the number of chronic diseases of the disabled elderly. Conclusion: The care burden among family caregivers of the disabled elderly was in a moderate level and was influenced by diverse care receiver and caregiver characteristics. The medical staff should comprehensive assess the disabled elderly and their family caregivers, to understand the status of the caregiver's burden and influencing factors, to take corresponding measures to reduce the burden of caregivers, and improve the quality of family care function and their life.

Objective: To investigate the level and influencing factors of compassion fatigue in OR nurses.Methods: A total of 268 OR nurses were selected from tertiary grade A hospitals in Wenzhou by convenience sampling method. They were investigated with an self-designed information questionnaire, Professional Quality of Life Scale and Social Support Rating Scale. The influencing factors of compassion fatigue were analyzed using multiple stepwise regression analysis. Results: The total score of compassion fatigue expressed by OR nurses was (60.39±9.48). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the OR working years, educational level and social support were influencing factors of compassion fatigue in OR nurses. Conclusion: Clinical managers should pay more attention to the compassion fatigue among the OR nurses, especially nurses with longer working years in OR, nurses with bachelor degree or above, and the social support level in order to reduce the level of compassion fatigue.

Objective: To study the influence of Cancer-Related Fatigue on life quality of nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients undergoing radiotherapy. Methods: A total of 84 nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients undergoing radiotherapy were investigated using Cancer Fatigue Scale (CFS), and EORTC QLQ-C30. Results: the total score of CFS was (25.43±7.38). Among all the subscales, the scores of emotional fatigue were higher, which means the emotional fatigue was more severe. The score of overall health status was (53.57±18.26). Multiple stepwise regression analysis indicated that among different dimensions of fatigue only emotional fatigue was put into regression equation. The more serious of emotional fatigue, the worse of patients' overall health status. Conclusion: Patients of nasopharyngeal carcinoma undergoing radiotherapy may have Cancer-Related Fatigue which seriously affects their quality of life. Health care professionals should pay attention to this problem and take interventions to relieve fatigue.

Objective: To explore the level of family adaptation of families of maintenance hemodialysis patients based on the family resilience theory, and to investigate the influence of family general situation, family resilience and family function on family adaptation ability. Methods: Totally 138 families of maintenance hemodialysis patients were investigated. Family Adaptability and Cohesion Scale (FACES) was used to evaluate the level of family adaptation. Family Hardiness Index (FHI),both the Problem-solving Scale and Family Communication Scale in the Family Assessment Device (FAD), and the self-designed family general information questionnaire were used to measure possible influencing factors. Results: The average score of family adaptation was 48.85±10.29, which was significantly lower than those of general families in China (P<0.05). The commitment dimension in FHI, the family communication ability in FAD and caregivers’ educational level all influenced the level of family adaptation, which could explain 42.20% of the total variance. Conclusion: Intervention and effort to improve family resilience, help and promote family communication should be provided to improve family adaptation level of families of maintenance hemodialysis patients.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of comprehensive management platform based on the internet on the selfmanagement ability of patients with diabetes mellitus. Methods: We recruited 92 eligible patients from Department of Endocrinology,Gansu Provincial People's hospital and divided them into intervention group and in control group with 46 cases in each group. The two groups were both treated with the traditional diabetes health education (hospital health education, education manual, follow-up after discharge). Intervention group added remote health education using comprehensive management platform. We compared the self-management ability and blood sugar level of the patients in two groups in the baseline, after 3 and 6 months, respectively. Results:The self-management level of patients in the intervention group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05).Fasting blood glucose and postprandial two hours blood glucose values in the intervention group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: The comprehensive management platform based on the internet could effectively improve the self-management ability of patients with diabetes, and it is worth generalizing in clinic.

Objective: To investigate the status of Continuing Nursing Education (CNE) in tertiary and secondary hospitals in Beijing. Methods: A self-administered questionnaire was used to investigate 2826 nurses from 23 tertiary or secondary general hospitals in Beijing by a stratified sampling method. Results: Among the respondents, 87.65% recognized the importance of CNE program, 88.01% showed support on CNE, 77.31% of them believed the helpfulness of current CNE program, and 71.95% recognized the practicability of current CNE program. The top three motivations of nurses to involve in CNE program were: obtaining the required CNE credits, improving the overall comprehensive quality, and enhancing the professional knowledge. The top two barriers were: time constraints, and location inconvenient. Conclusion: The CNE has been widely performed and accepted by most of nurses in Beijing. However, several factors, including the nursing committee, organization, individual and family, should take into the account when designing and performing the future CNE program.

We focused on the nursing professional experience in terms of the concepts of positive psychology. Papers about nurses' professional benefit were reviewed to help us have a deep understanding of nurses' professional benefit. We sought out suitable assessment tools of nurses' professional benefit which were reliable and effective. We analyzed the relationship among nurses' professional benefit, job burnout, career identity, organizational commitment, and other influencing factors. We provided the research ideas and prospect about nurses' professional benefit so as to make a contribution to the management of nursing human resource.

Objective: To investigate the training and working status of 39 ICU training bases in Beijing Methods: We investigated 39 ICU specialist nurse training basess in 17 municipal tertiary hospitals using self-designed questionnaire. Results:There were 1582 ICU beds and 801 certificated ICU specialist nurses in municipal tertiary hospitals in Beijing. Twenty-eight bases(71.8%) had established ICU specialist nurses practicing system. Twelve bases (30.8%) had systematic and standard training program before Beijing Nursing Association's ICU specialist nurses qualification attestation training. Twenty-six bases (66.7%) had evaluation system to ICU specialist nurses. After ICU specialist nurses' qualification attestation training, the nurse's ability to research and education improved greatly and the nurses had more opportunities to participate in academic exchange. Conclusion: Every ICU nurse training base pay more attention to the ICU specialist nurses training, but there are some problems of low proportion of ICU specialist nurses, nonstandard training, management deficit after qualification attestation, deficiency of career development support.Nursing specialists in China is still in an exploratory stage.

We summarized the features of current research on nursing career success from the evaluation criteria, instruments,and influencing factors of career success, and we gave some advices on further research of nursing career success.

Objective: To explore the work experience of junior nurses as primary nurse under flattening nursing model, and to help nursing manager guide junior nurses to adapt to the change of nursing model. Methods: The Phenomenological methodology was adopted in this study. In-depth interview was conducted on 12 junior nurses who have acted as primary nurse over one year.Data were analyzed by Colaizzis analysis. Results: Three themes were extracted, including facing difficulty, adaptive process, and sense of competence. When they began their new duty, they confronted many difficulties, but they conquered them and gradually grow with responsibility and mission. Finally, they were competent for this position and got pleasure from work. Conclusion: Junior nurses may have negative experience in the initial stage as primary nurse. Administrators should provide necessary supports for their training and make the external pressure transform into internal motivation of their growth.

Objective: To explore the application of health care integration model to patient with heart failure. Methods:Fifty patients with heart failure hospitalized from Mar. to Sept. 2014 in the control group were taken care of under the traditional nursing model. The experimental group was another fifty patients with heart failure hospitalized from Oct. 2014 to Mar. 2015 being treated under the health care integration model. We compared the difference between two groups of patients in satisfaction of being cared, awareness of health education, compliance with diagnosis and nursing, average length of hospital stay and value of NT-proBNP. Results: The experimental group was better at the patients' satisfaction, the awareness rate of health education and the compliance with diagnosis and nursing than the control group. The average length of hospital stay and the value of NT-proBNP in the experimental group were evidently lower than the control group with significantly statistical difference (P<0.05). Conclusion: The health care integration model could improve the satisfaction of patient with heart failure, the awareness rate of health education and compliance of diagnosis and nursing. The model also could reduce the length of hospitalization, and the value of NT-proBNP. The model should have a practical value in clinical nursing.

Chronic disease has become a huge burden for Chinese health care system. As a community based nursing care program, the Omaha System has being used in the field of chronic disease management more and more widely. In this paper, the authors reviewed the concept, characteristics, implementation and effects of Omaha System in the management of chronic diseases.

Objective: To study the effect of mobile video visits on parents anxiety and treatment compliance. Method: Using convenience sampling method, 320 inpatient PICU patients were chosen from Aug 2014 to Jan 2015, and divided into control group and experimental group with 160 patients each using random number table. Patients in the control group were treated with direct visit while the intervention group were using the mobile video visits, and then compared the compliance rate, satisfaction rate and parents anxiety level. Results: Before intervention all parents had varying degrees of anxiety and its level was lower among intervention group parents after intervention compared to the control group. Treatment compliance and nursing satisfaction in the intervention group was higher than that in control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Mobile video visit can effectively relieve the anxiety of parents, improve the treatment compliance, promote the communication between nurses and patients, improve overall satisfaction.

Objective: To investigate the pregnant women's dietary, living style, weight control knowledge in the second trimester of pregnancy. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted, and 308 pregnant women in obstetric clinic of tertiary Grade A were surveyed using a questionnaire. Results: The pregnant women's dietary structure was not balanced and the single type of food intake was higher or lower than the recommended intake in half of pregnant women. About 79.2% women continued to work after pregency and 52.9% women's daily activities was mild. About 47.1% women never exercise, and only 12.7% of them took part in physical exercise every day. Among women who participated exercise, only 12.9% women whose average exercise time reached to 1h/d. The error rates of the three questions about weight control knowledge were between 42.5%~59.1%. About 45.5% women gained superstandard weight in the first trimester of pregnancy. Conclusions: In clinical practice, the general problems of women in the second trimester of pregnancy included mistaken idea about life style and knowledge deficit of weight control. Health education should be designed to pay more attention to improve women's compliance. We should formulate specific and workable gestational weight intervention project so as to effectively control their weight.

Objective: To investigate self-care agency for the first month with Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter (PICC) in cancer patients, and analysis the influence factors of self-care agency. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 160 consecutive cancer patients who underwent PICC placement less than a month. The Cancer Patients PICC Self-management Scale (CPPSM) and Exercise of Self-Care Agency Scale (ESCA) were used to measure self-care agency of cancer patients. Results: A total of 160 patients were recruited. 80.0% patients PICC self-management was quite good with a total score of 154.45±14.60, the self-care agency was in the middle level with a total score of 113.47±18.27. The self-care agency was positive related to PICC self-management ability (r=0.306, P<0.05), According to the multiple linear regression analyses, it is suggested that the age and self-care agency have impact on PICC self-management, and the education, age and living place play an important role in self-care agency. Conclusions:The self-care agency for the first month with PICC in cancer patients were not well, the main effect of self-care agency on PICC self-management ability were showed on the compliance of PICC maintenance and PICC management confidence. The self-care agency can be improved among the people who are old, less educated, living-in-country, and the PICC self-management level can be improved by high self-care agency.

The character of day surgery includes shorter hospitalization time, kinds of surgery, quick turnaround, more intensive nursing workloads. The clinical procedure of day surgery is different from other departments. According to the character,we designed the clinical nursing record sheet and standardized the key point of shifting, decreased the document time, guaranteed the whole process and promoted the efficiency and medical quality.

Objective: The aim of transitional care is to ensure a safe transition of patients from hospital to community or home,and to solve problems of the discharged patient for improving the quality of life. This paper reviewed the objects, the implementation methods, the responsible personnel, the problem and the countermeasures of transitional care to the discharged patients.

Sleep disorders are common problems for ICU patients. Valid assessment is the premise of improving sleep quality. Sleep assessment tends to be more complex because of the particularity of ICU patients. In this paper, both the subjective and objective sleep assessment tools and methods were elaborated to provide researchers with scientific guidance for evaluation and management of sleep among ICU patients.

Gastric residuals (GRs) is common among preterm infants because of their immature intestinal tract and the influences of the illness and drugs, however, we still lack uniform standards in the management of GRs. The authors reviewed the contributing factors, evaluation and management of GRs in order to provide suggestions for the clinical nurses.