Electronic nursing record is a part of hospital electronic health system, which is of great significance to optimizing clinical nursing procedure and promoting quality and safety. A well-designed system can save documentation time, improve the efficiency and accuracy of nursing records, and therefore promote the quality of nursing care. Thus, the theoretical foundation, structure, user interface, and decision support system need to be taken into consideration.

The clinical decision support is the advanced stage of informatization development. It is also the result of the integration of information system and decision support technology. The research on and the development of clinical decision supporting information system is of great significance to ensure the safety of critically ill patients. This article has mainly summarized the system's development team and running platform, the only source of basic information among patients, automatic extraction, the intelligent error correction of bedside monitoring information, tendency analysis, the closed-loop control, early warning prompt of clinical process information and related nursing observation record, smart reminder, sharing medical resource, information consistency, comprehensive and intensive research and development of information system were introduced as the key technical points. For the hope of our efforts would offer help in informationized construction.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of information technology use with nursing human resource management in outpatient service and implementation of the vertical clinical model. Methods: Based on the clinic triage assistant program linked with 114 attendant console and China Mobile 12580, 7/24 triage and reservation services were conducted. Patients' check-in and clinical order maintenance, as well as on-site triage and appointments were carried out by guidance without medical education background. The amount of of triage nurses, clinical nurses to outpatient amount ratio, queuing time and patients' satisfaction were designed to evaluate the effect of vertical medical management model. Results: The clinic triage assistant program substituted outpatient triage nurses. The increased workload didn't call for additional staff. The vertical clinical model simplified the process, and queuing time was shortened to half an hour.Patients' satisfaction to triage and nursing services were improved. Conclusion: Integration of the clinic triage assistant program into outpatient care facilitated nursing human resource management and patients' appointment, and provided references to vertical clinical model.

Globally, nurses make up the largest cadre of health care providers and provide the majority of care to patients with tuberculosis (TB). While TB mortality has decreased over the past 24 years, more than 1.5 million patients die from TB each year. TB is the second leading cause of death due to a communicable disease worldwide and in some areas is the leading cause of death. The WHO has just launched a new 20-year strategy to fight TB called the End TB Strategy(2016-2035) with three main pillars: integrated, patient-centered care and prevention; bold policies and supportive systems; and intensified research and innovation. We as nurses have a very important role to play in the next 20 years of TB control according to the WHO End TB strategy. Nurses can have a great impact on global TB control by providing and advocating for patient-centered care in our settings.

Objective: To investigate the current situation of stigma and its influencing factors in tuberculosis patients.Methods: Patients with tuberculosis were selected from the department of tuberculosis in the affiliated Shanghai Hospital of Tongji University from January to May, 2015. The Chinese version of TB Stigma Scale (TSS) was used. Results: The 120 cases of tuberculosis patients scored on an average of 34.18±7.70 points. Conclusion: Once diagnosed with tuberculosis,patients have different levels of disease shame. Patients with long disease duration and re-treated tuberculosis tend to have significant shame experience, and the others belittled feelings on them were above the middle level.

Objective: To investigate the status of resilience and quality of life in Chronic Heart Failure patients and to explore the whether resilience has any effect on quality of life. Methods: Use cross-sectional survey method, apply Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnair, and self-designed basic demographic questionnaire, 351 patients with Chronic Heart Failure from a Tertiary grade A hospital took the survey. Results: The score of quality of life for Chronic Heart Failure patients was (58.01±21.55). The resilience score was (57.55±8.53). The resilience was significantly related to the quality of life, and which explained 32.5% of the total variation. Conclusion: The Chronic Heart Failure patients have poor quality of life and low resilience. Suggest to implement more intervention to strengthen the resilience therefore to improve the overall patient's quality of life.

Objective: To explore the current status and influencing factors of Immunosuppressive Medications adherence in older kidney transplant recipients. Methods: Totally 92 older kidney transplant recipients were recruited in the outpatient department in a tertiary Grade A hospital by convenience sampling method and investigated with the Demographic Questionnaire, Basel Assessment of Adherence with Immunosuppressive Medication Scale, Self-rating Depression Scale, Perceived Social Support Scale, Perceived Health of Control Scale, and Symptom Checklist. We analyzed the influencing factors of medication adherence among older kidney transplant recipients by logistic regression analysis.Results: The adherence rate was 58.70%. Logistic regression analysis showed that gender [OR=0.333, 95% CI (0.131, 0.850),P=0.021], perceived health of control [OR=0.878, 95% CI (0.772, 0.998), P=0.046] and perceived social support [OR=0.961,95% CI (0.972, 0.996), P=0.028] were influencing factors of medication adherence among older kidney transplant recipients.Conclusion: The medication adherence among older kidney transplant recipients is poor. Perceived health of control and perceived social support are predictors of medication adherence among older kidney transplant recipients.

Objective: To explore the relationship between perceived professional benefits and subjective wellbeing among nurses. Methods: Totally 340 nurses were enrolled from 3 hospitals in Hefei by convenience sampling. All participants were administered with a general information questionnaire, Nurses' Perceived Professional Benefits (NPPB)Scale and Index of Well-being. Results: The NPPB score had a positive correlation with the subjective well-being score(r=0.272~0.430, P<0.05). The positive professional perception and a sense of belonging to work team in NPPB scale could explain 16.4% of the subjective well-being. Conclusions: The higher the level of nurses' perceived professional benefits, the higher the level of subjective well-being. The positive professional perception and a sense of belonging to work team have positive predictive effects on the subjective well-being.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of delayed pushing during second-stage of labor on birth outcomes among nulliparous women with epidural anesthesia. Methods: Four hundred nulliparous women with epidural anesthesia were randomized to the delayed pushing group and immediate pushing group. The measured variables included the length of second-stage of labor, duration of pushing, type of delivery, Apgar scores, neonatal weight, perineal injuries, postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) and maternal fatigue. Results: The second-stage of labor was significantly longer and the duration of pushing was shorter in delayed pushing group than those in the immediate pushing group (P<0.01). There were no differences in type of delivery, Apgar scores, neonatal weight, perineal injuries and episiotomy between groups (P>0.05).The PPH volume was significantly lower in the delayed pushing group than that in the immediate pushing group (P<0.01).The results showed comparatively lower fatigue scores in the delayed pushing group at both half an hour and two hour postpartum (P<0.01). Conclusion: The delayed pushing for nulliparous women with epidural anesthesia during the secondstage labor could shorten the duration of pushing, PPH volume and postpartum fatigue without adverse outcome for mother and neonate.

Objective: To discuss the effect of flow-up management based on Structural Family Therapy for Cancer-Related Fatigue for patients with breast cancer during postoperative chemotherapy period. Methods: Patients with breast cancer during postoperative chemotherapy period were randomly assigned into control group (n=75) and intervention group (n=79). The control group received routine follow-up during chemotherapy period and the intervention group received follow-up based on Structural Family Therapy. Patients' levels of Cancer-Related Fatigue were compared at the end of the study.Results: After intervention, the score of physical fatigue (13.29±4.84), emotional fatigue (8.65±3.01), cognitive fatigue (9.06±3.12) and the total score of Cancer Fatigue Scale (31.20±11.02) were all lower than those of the control group(15.00±4.25, 10.04±3.24, 10.26±3.08, and 35.30±10.26) with statistically significant differences (P<0.05). Conclusion: The flow-up management based on Structural Family Therapy can effectively decrease the level of Cancer-Related Fatigue for patients with breast cancer during postoperative chemotherapy period.

Objective: To investigate the quality of life of patients with Chronic Heart Failure in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and analyze its influencing factors. Methods: A total of 160 patients with chronic heart failure from November, 2014 to July, 2015 were enrolled in 3 tertiary hospitals in Xining area and investigated with patients' demographic information,Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire (MLHFQ), and Chronic Disease Self-Management Program (CDSMP).Results: The total score of MLHFQ was 52.36±21.32. Patients' age, work, educational background, monthly income,readmission within one year, self-care ability and self-efficacy were factors influencing their quality of life. Conclusion:The quality of life of patients was at low and moderate level. Health education should be provided based on patients' quality of life and influencing factors.

Objective: To explore the palliative care needs and influencing factors among patients with severe Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), and to provide reference for drawing up palliative care interventions among COPD patients. Methods: Totally 108 severe COPD patients were recruited and investigated by Palliative Outcome Scale(POS), Modified Borg Scale, Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS) Scale, and The hospital anxiety and depression scale(HAD) . Results: The palliative care needs score of COPD patients was 14.102±5.403. The palliative care needs was related to breathlessness, functional status, anxiety and depression. Anxiety and depression, pulmonary function classification, and complication were the influencing factors of palliative care needs. Conclusion: The symptom burden of COPD patients was heavy and the patients need palliative care. The palliative care interventions should be delivered as soon as possible to improve the patients' quality of life.

Objective: To assess the validity and reliability of the Chinese version of the Incontinence-Associated Dermatitis and its Severity Instrument (IADS) among the Incontinence-Associated Dermatitis patients. Methods: The IADS was translated into Chinese and adapted to Chinese culture. Totally 100 Incontinence-Associated Dermatitis patients were investigated by the Chinese version of IADS and we tested the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of IADS. Results: The Chinese version of IADS consisted of 14 items and the content validity index was 0.930. Four factors were extracted by factor analysis and could explain 88.389% of the total variance. The criterion validity with Skin Assessment Tool (SAT) was 0.826. The Cronbach's α coefficient was 0.875 for the overall scale and 0.901~0.931 for the four factors. Conclusion: The Chinese version of IADS has acceptable reliability and validity. It can be used to measure the incontinence-associated skin damage of IAD patients in clinic.

Objective: To investigate the current status and the influencing factors on attitude to death in emergency nurses (EN) in Tianjin. Methods: Totally 226 emergency nurses were recruited and investigated with a self designed questionnaire and the Chinese version of Death Attitude Profile-Revised (DAP-R) questionnaire. Results: The total score of DAP-R was 104.95±18.25 and the highest average factor score was in death acceptance and the lowest was in fear of death.All the other factors’ scores were three points above the median score, excluded for the fear of death. There were significant differences on the scores of attitude to death in emergency nurses with different age, years of work experience, number of years as an EN and religious beliefs (P<0.05). Conclusion: The attitude to death in Tianjin emergency nurses was relatively positive and the main influencing factors were years of working experience and number of years being as an EN.

Nursing interns who were educated in nursing college for 2 to 4 years will take the clinical position after the internship stage. Knowledge, techniques and competences obtained in school need to apply into the practice, and competency-based education provided us an idea for interns' training in emergency department. Based on literature review and group discussion, the article described our competency-based training model from three aspects, the competence orientation, training model design and supervision and reflection. According to this model, the clinical teachers have the evidence to teach the students and the students have the contents to learn. As a result, the interns improved their clinical practice ability, involved in the clinical work by stimulating their own competences, promoted their competency development, and the realized the improvment of teaching and learning.

Objective: To establish and evaluate a whole course double-tutor clinical practice model based on primary holistic nursing. Methods: By convenience sampling method, 182 undergraduate nursing students in 2014 were recruited as experimental group, and received the double-tutor clinical practice model based on primary holistic nursing. One hundred and sixty-five undergraduate nursing students in 2013 were recruited as control group, and adopted the traditional model.Results: The students' comprehensive examination score, professional identity and attitudes toward the clinical practice models in the experimental group were significantly better than those in the control group (P<0.05). The patient satisfaction score with nursing students in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05).Conclusion: The whole course double-tutor clinical practice model based on primary holistic nursing was consistent with the current objectives of higher nursing education, and is worth of further popularization.

Objective: To explore the application of comprehensive simulation method in experimental teaching of midwifery nursing. Methods: Totally 99 undergraduate students from grade 2005-2008 in Nursing Department of Tianjin Medical University were included in this study, they were divided into experimental group (n=49, Grade 2007 and 2008) and control group (n=50, grade 2005 and 2006). The comprehensive simulation experiment teaching method was implemented in experimental group, while traditional teaching method was used in control group. A self-designed satisfaction questionnaire was used to evaluate the students' satisfaction status on this comprehensive simulation teaching method. The course scores between the two groups were also compared. Results: The course score of midwifery nursing in experimental group was higher than control group (P<0.05). They reported that this comprehensive simulation experiment teaching method improved their nursing professional skills and problem-solving ability, which was good for clinical practice. Conclusion: Comprehensive simulation experiment teaching may improve the nursing professional skills and comprehensive ability of students.

Objective: To explore the application effect of two-way selection of mentorship in the standardized training of new ER nurses. Methods: Establish mentor selection criteria, set up mentors group, based on the "equal and voluntary" principal between the new hires in 2014 and mentors, using two-way selection, through the coordination of the nurse manager, assign a mentor for each new hire. Every mentor will have the opportunity to be the in charge mentor. New hires in 2013 were all assigned to a specific mentor by the leaders rather than two way selection. Results: 2014 new hires demonstrate higher score in basic theory, basic skills, specialist theory, specialist skills, and clinical skills assessment than 2013 group (P<0.05); the rate of teaching satisfaction and learning satisfaction in 2014 were higher than 2013 (P<0.05).Conclusion: The application of two-way selection motivate both teachers and students, motivate instructors to improve the quality of teaching, but also help to increase the sense of belonging among new nurses and make them faster, better adapt the new working environment and become competent at work.

Objective: To examine the effect of a communication table for the limbs and head burned patients.Methods: We designed a communication table for burn patients with limbs and head injuries. The table contained the vital signs, physical needs, comfort degree, household chores and personal willingness. The table could be used by nurses to understand the patients' needs, to make decisions on the patients' priority of care and to apply nursing interventions by assessing their health condition, vital signs changes as well as the information such as patient's age, education level, and economic status, etc. The treatment group was given the communication table, while the control group was received the conventional communication method. Results: Compared with the control group, the satisfaction of the treatment group increased (93.0% vs 62.9%), and the average communication time decreased [ (4.23±1.94) min vs (11.52±2.43) min ] (P<0.01).Conclusion: The communication table could be a specific management tool to take care of burn patients. The table appears to be useful in enhancing communication efficiency, obtaining accurate information and meeting needs of patients.Thereby, the table helps nurses in observing health condition and nursing problems and this could lead to better quality of nursing care and medical safety.

Flight nurses are an important part of the air transport medical team and play an indispensable role in the aeromedical evacuation. Understanding the current situation of flight nurses' career development is beneficial to Chinese flight nurse. This article summarized the flight nurses' professional features as well as their position and effect in aeromedical evacuation, compared the present situation of flight nurses' practice and relative research in China and abroad,proposed the prospect of flight nurses' career development, in order to provide reference for the training and development of flight nurses.

Objective: To explore reasonable nurse staffing of neurology wards by calculating and comparing the nursing workload of neurology and the other general wards in medical and surgical departments. Methods: We measured,nursing working hours of 124 nursing items by self-recording and collect the average frequencies of each item per day through Hospital Information System. Then, the bed-to-nurse ratio, the daily total nursing working hours, and average time that nurses spent in caring for patients of neurology and general wards were calculated when all the parameters' values were determined. Results: In neurology wards, the daily total nursing working hours [(6021.31±37.60) min] and average time that nurses spent in caring for patients [ (172.53±1.08) min ] were higher than the other general wards, respectively. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The average bed-to-nurse ratio of neurology wards was 1 : 0.69, which was higher than the ratio of 1 : 0.55 in the other general wards. Conclusion: Compared with the other general wards, the neurology nursing workload is heavy and hospital managers should allocate more nurses.

Objectives: To establish the proposed projects of practice scope and professional competency of community nurses in Beijing. Methods: We used the Delphi method for the research and recruited 29 community nursing related experts to consult. Results: After two rounds of consultation, the practice scope of community nurses in Beijing included the practices in both primary medical care part and in some of the public health part. The professional competency of community nurses in Beijing included the basic competency, the competency for independent family visiting, and the competency for participating in the specific public health service. Conclusions: Community nurses could provide professional care in primary care services and participate some of the services in public health service, Community nurses who can provide home care should meet higher requirements. Community nurses who can participate certain public health services require special training. The work that community nurses do and the competency that community nurses possess should be matched.

This paper introduced and evaluated the typical elderly-oriented home environmental assessment tools abroad and their applicability, which may provide reference to the development of the elderly-oriented home environmental assessment tool in our country.

Objective: To explore the effect of wechat public platform on continuing care for those as dominant caregivers of preschool children with epilepsy after discharge. Methods: We evenly distributed a total of 110 dominant caregivers of the epileptic children into the experimental group and the control group based on the sequence of their diagnosis record. The experimental group was treated with the individual care and the group management for three months after discharge via the wechat public platform. The treatment included individual follow-up interviews, disease knowledge delivery as well as group discussion. The follow-up interview consisted of care knowledge, medicine management and psychological intervention. The control group was given regular nursing guidance. Results: The level of disease knowledge in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group at one month and three months after discharge (P<0.05).The children's medication compliance in the experimental group was higher than it in the control group at three months after discharge (P<0.05). Conclusion: wechat public platform for continuing care service could improve dominant caregivers' knowledge of disease and children's medication compliance to ensure medical care results.

Objectives: To analyze the current status of home-based pension service demand and supply in Changchun community, and to provide the references for the development of community pension service. Methods: Totally 332 elderly in 6 communities in Changchun were recruited and investigated by the questionnaire and semi-structured interview. We compared the service supply and demand differences of four demands, including mental comfort, health care, living care and economic support. Results: The demand rate of mental comfort, health care, economic support and living care, among 322 elderly was 37.89%, 30.43%, 18.63%, and 13.04%, separately, and the satisfaction rate of the elderly demand in the community was low. There were 11 items (57.9%) among 19 items in questionnaire with demand satisfaction rate lower than 10%. The demand and supply had great differences. Conclusions: The government should strengthen the investment in the community home-based pension service greatly, build perfect community pension service system in order to satisfy the multi-levels and diversified pension demands of the elderly, and improve the quality of life of the home-based elderly in community.

Objective: To establish and apply transitional care information platform in Sichuan, and to promote the transitional care work effectively in Sichuan. Methods: The hospital developed transitional care software, built information platform. The hospital, the transitional care center and the community were linked together to share the information from information network and to ensure that high quality medical services could be extended to the family. Results: The transitional care information platform could promote the effective implementation of transitional care, which brought convenience for the patient, reduced the patients' and their families' mental and economic burden, and improved patients' quality of life and their nursing service satisfaction. Conclusion: The building and effective implementation of transitional care information platform is an effective method for promoting the transitional care.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of mhealth Apps (Tongxin Assist) +PCI Group on continuing care for CHD patients after Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) operation. Methods: We divided 60 CHD patients who had PCI operations from January to March 2015 into two groups evenly. The patients in both groups received regular discharge education and telephone visits. The patients in the treatment group received further continuing care via mhealth Apps (Tongxin Assist) +PCI Group for three months. We compared the two groups carefully at patients' knowledge of disease, level of anxiety and depression, and medicine compliance at the time of discharge as well as three months after discharge respectively. Results:After three months' intervention, the patients' knowledge of their disease and medicine compliance in the treatment group were statistically higher than those in the control group (P<0.05); the patients' level of anxiety (SAS) and depression (SDS) in the treatment group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: The mhealth Apps (Tongxin Assist) +PCI group could be very effective for the continuing care for CHD patients after PCI operations.

Our hospital used wireless network, handheld terminals, and bar code technology to carry out operation safety check in all aspects of the perioperative period. We realized patients' identification and operation safety information check before, during and after the operation, constructed the compulsive verification mechanism of operative patients,surgical site, and surgical instruments, ensured the in place implementation of surgical safety verification system, achieved the traceability system of overall process of the opertion, ensured the safety of operation, and improved the nurses' work efficiency.

Effective intervention measures can improve the ability of nurses to respond to the violence, and reduce the risk of violence, therefore to protect the safety of patients and nurses as well. This paper provides a comprehensive analysis based on reference articles and real situations in clinical settings on ways to improve nurses response to violence.

Objective: To investigate the effects of the nursing interventions based on Transtheoretical Model and stages of change on non-pharmaceutical fatigue mangement among Systemic Lupus Erythematosus patients. Methods: 95 cases of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus patients were randomly divided into study group (49 cases) and control group (46 cases). Patients in the control group were treated with routine nursing intervention, and the patients in study group received nursing interventions according to the stages of fatigue management. Results: After 3 months of intervention, the scores of fatigue, physical fatigue, self efficacy among patients in the intervention group was (6.19±1.96), (3.24±1.31), and (3.31±1.34),respectively.None was in the precontemplation stage. Five patients were in the contemplation stage. Eight patients were in the preparation stage. Twenty-seven patients were in the action stage. Nine patients were in the maintenance stage. The difference has statistical significance compared with the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: The nursing interventions based on Transtheoretical Model and stages of change could improve Systemic Lupus Erythematosus patients' fatigue and self efficacy level.

Our hospital was one of the first group of tertiary Grade A hospitals which established palliative care agency. After eight years of exploration, we have initially formed a complete model of palliative nursing practice. In this paper, we introduced the professional training, the construction of palliative care team, the service object, service content and the concrete implementation, and put forward the corresponding thinking and outlook.

Objective: To discuss the influence of the new obstetrical labor standards and management in its application to maternal, newborns and the practice in delivery room. Methods: The study utilized a retrospective casecontrol analysis. The control group included 620 inpatients who delivered during September to November in 2013. The experimental group gathered 956 inpatients delivered during September to November in 2014. Results: We analyzed the data from the two groups. The first stage of labor and the total stage of labor in the total cases, the case with PROM and the cases with DM were statistically significantly different (P<0.05).The perineum integrity and cesarean section rate (from labor room) were statistically significantly different (P<0.05). Conclusion: The new obstetrical labor standards and management should be worthy to be generalized in the application, but the challenges should be noticed for the practice in delivery room.

Objective: To investigate the effect of SPD Model on medical materials management in clinical units or at ward level in hospital. Methods: We utilized the self-designed questionnaires to examine 14 clinical nursing units and wards before and after applying the SPD Model to manage medical materials. Results: The frequency of applying medical materials from the clinical units significantly decreased under the SPD Model. Also, the inventory control of medical materials apparently reduced in days. The time on clearing up medical storage was significantly shorter than it before the model. Less time was spent on listing and recording medical supplies. Conclusion: The SPD model could effectively promote medical materials management in clinical units and wards in hospital.

Objective: To introduce the measures and effect of case management on the quality of life and self-care agency in HIV-infected women during perinatal period. Methods: Several aspects, namely, the carriers and their duty, the management stage and time, the measures, the place, the content and effect evaluation of the measure, were all introduced in this paper. We also discussed the effects and the practicability of the measures. Results: Case management can improve the quality of life and self-care agency in HIV-infected women during perinatal period. Conclusion: Case management in HIV-infected women during perinatal period is effective and feasible.

Objective: To improve the implementation rate of daily awaking by designing daily awaking verification scale. Methods: From October, 2013 to March, 2014, the Daily Awaking (DA) Verification Scale was used in ICU patients with mechanically ventilation and sedation who needed to be waked up. We observed the nurses' executive compliance of management measures, duration of mechanical ventilation, duration of sedation, and the total amount of sedative drugs.Results: After the Daily Awaking (DA) Verification Scale was used, the observation indexes, such as the implementation rate of awaking measures, the total amount of sedative drugs, duration of sedation, duration of mechanical ventilation, and ICU stay, were improved significantly (P<0.05). Conclusions: By using the Daily Awaking (DA) Verification Scale, we could improve the implementation rate of awaking therapy, reduce the total amount of sedative drugs, shorten the duration of sedation, duration of mechanical ventilation and ICU stay, and ensure the patients' medical safety. This method is simple and easy to operate, could be highly accepted by medical staff, and is worthy to be generalized in clinical application.

Objective: To discuss the application effect of infants' silicone nipples in conjunctival sac irrigation procedure. Method: Totally 2015 cases with conjunctival sac irrigation treatment in the Ophthalmology department of our hospital from January, 2014 to February,2015 were selected, including 1010 cases in observation group and 1005 cases in control group. The observation group used silicone nipples for flushing and the control group used No. 16 sterile needles instead, and then compared the two groups on preparation time, cost of the supply, cross infection rate, and flushing effects.Result: The preparation time and cost of supply in the observation group was obviously lower than the control group(P<0.001); The average flushing time and average flushing volume in the observational group was less than the control group (P<0.001); The conjunctival congestion (-) (+) in the observation group were more than the control group (P<0.001);The conjunctival congestion (++) (+++) in the observation group were less than that of the control group(P<0.001).Conclusion: Using silicon nipples for conjunctival sac irrigation has great effect as it saves time, more efficient, reduces cost and cross infection rate. It's highly appreciated and should be spread throughout the industry.

Focusing on the current medical status of China, this paper discussed the possible practical forms of narrative medicine in nursing field from three subjects: nursing teaching, nurse, and patients. From introducing narrative medicine in nursing education, nursing students' narrative ability training should be combined with their clinical practice.From taking nurses as subject, the demands for narrative activities and the key points of implementing activities were analyzed. From taking patients as subject, the forms of narrative activities for general diseases and terminal diseases were explained, and the importance of nurse guiding during this process was emphasized. Finally, the establishment of clinical nursing narrative medicine database and methods were discussed.