Abstract: Objective: To investigate the prevention of Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) in patients with joint replacement and to provide the evidence for establishing prevention standard for the department of orthopedics. Methods:The trained nurses used Autar scale and self-designed questionnaire to assess patients with joint replacement in multicenter. Results: There were 330 patients form 10 hospitals investigated. Autar scale showed that, 108 patients (32.73%) before surgery, 322 patients (97.57%) after surgery and 269 patients (81.52%) discharged were in middle and high risk. There were significant differences of Autar scores (P<0.05) in different diseases and surgeries in different time. Prevention conditions:before the surgery, 3.03% patients wore elastic stockings, 0.61% patients used intermittent pneumatic pressure pump,0.30% patients used foot pump and 0.91% patients took medicine. The nurses had assessed 66.06% patients, provided basic prevention for 24.24% patients, and provided health education for 26.67% patients. After surgery, 3.03% patients wore elastic stockings, 37.27% patients used intermittent pneumatic pressure pump, 5.75% patients used foot pump, and 88.18% patients took medicine. The nurses had assessed 20.00% patients for the risk of bleeding, observed the clinic manifestation and provided health education for 64.24% patients. The nurses had provided basic prevention for 30.91% patients and avoided transfusion of lower limbs on 88.18% patients. There are no relevance between Autar scores and actual implementation (P>0.05). Conclusion: Patients with joint replacement are in a middle and high risk for DVT. The prevention measures are not good in department of orthopedics patients. The nurses must be aware of DVT, using specific scales to identify high risk patients, and use combined mechanical prevention measures and medicine preventions in time.