关键词: 维持性血液透析；健康状况；影响因素；营养；体力活动

Abstract: Objective: To investigate the health status of Maintenance Hemodialysis (MHD) patients and analyze its influencing factors, so as to provide evidence for developing targeted and comprehensive intervention programs. Methods: A convenience sampling method was used to include 469 MHD patients from the blood purification centers of five tertiary hospitals in Beijing from May 2024 to December 2024. The EuroQol Five-Dimension Three-Level (EQ-5D-3L) Scale was used to collect patients' sociodemographic, clinical, and laboratory data to assess their health status. Then univariate analysis, multiple linear regression, and Logistic regression were used to analyze the influencing factors. Results: The mean EQ-5D-3L utility value for MHD patients was 0.93±0.14. Multivariate analysis showed that advanced age, high Charlson Comorbidity Index score, and severe muscle weakness symptoms were independent risk factors for patients' health status (P<0.05). Conversely, moderate-to-high physical activity level, good nutrition, combination therapy modes like hemodialysis/hemodialysis+hemoperfusion or hemodialysis/hemodialysis+hemoperfusion/hemodiafiltration, and serum potassium levels within the high-normal range were identified as protective factors (P<0.05). Conclusion: The health status of MHD patients is influenced by multiple factors including age, nutrition, physical activity, and symptom burden.

Key words: Maintenance Hemodialysis; health status; influencing factor; nutrition; physical activity