Objective: To investigate the current developing situation of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) nursing discipline, and to find out the bottleneck problems in the development of TCM nursing discipline. Methods: Totally 137 TCM institutions were investigated by a questionnaire about the development of TCM nursing discipline in 2014. Results: With the development of clinical nursing specialty of TCM, TCM nursing technique is popularizing and specialty nursing are gradually standardized. TCM nursing service ability and scientific research level has improved significantly, and the characteristics of TCM nursing is gradually prominent, however, the theoretical system of TCM nursing should be improved, and the knowledge and professional title structure of TCM nurses are unreasonable. Conclusion: Based on the clear discipline orientation, we should continue to make the most of the advantages of TCM nursing, explore the various ways of training TCM nurses, extend the field of TCM nursing, and fully promote the development of TCM nursing discipline.

Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) nursing technique is an important means for nursing staff in Traditional Chinese Medicine hospitals to provide high quality service for the patients. But there are still some factors which restrict the technological development of TCM nursing technique, such as unclear subject orientations, insufficient content mining, imperfect assessment and evaluation, unreasonable charging structure, and so on. Based on these issues, this paper put forward some improvement suggestions, including making clear the rights and duties, strengthening theory mining, and establishing scientific evaluating index and reasonable charging structure, in order to show the advantages of TCM nursing technique.

Through introducing the nursing talents training experience based on the unity model of hospital and school,this paper discussed the advantages and challenge of this model, in order to provide reference for Traditional Chinese Medicine nursing educator and manager.

Objective: To discuss the effect of community integrative medicine intervention on the rehabilitation effect of post Cerebral Infarction (CI) patients. Method: Totally 124 discharged patients of post CI rehabilitationwere randomly divided into intervention group (63 cases) and control group (61 cases). In the intervention group, all patients were treated by community integrative medicine for 6 months. While in the control group, only general community intervention was implemented. After six month, compare the two groups from activities of daily living, motor function, the degree of neural function defect, and recurrence rates. Result: The multidimensional score of the activities of daily living and motor function were higher in the intervention group.The multidimensional score of nerve function defect was lower in the intervention group (P<0.05). Conclusion: The community intervention of integrative medicine can significantly improve the rehabilitation effect of the post CI patients and worth promoting.

Objective: To investigate the clinical application of Traditional Chinese Medicine nursing program for asthma(acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) . Methods: Totally 60 asthma patients from our department from July 2013 to July 2014 were treated by asthma scheme in TCM nursing program for 13 diseases. Result: Asthma nursing program of traditional Chinese medicine increased the patients compliance of TCM nursing technology, improved the degree of satisfaction to the nursing work, nursing effect and symptoms. Conclusion: Traditional Chinese Medicine nursing program for asthma can effectively guide the clinical nursing work, and promote the practical application of the TCM nursing technique in clinical.

Objective: To translate the Clinical Learning Environment, Supervision and Nurse Teacher Evaluation Scale and test its reliability and validity. Methods: The Chinese version of Clinical Learning Environment, Supervision and Nurse Teacher Evaluation Scale was developed based on strict principle of translation, back- translation and cross-cultural adaptation.The reliability and validity were tested among 345 nursing students. Results: The content validity index (CVI) was 0.886,which indicated a desirable content validity. The coefficient of Cronbach's α was 0.945 and the test-retest reliability was 0.793.Conclusion: The Chinese version of Clinical Learning Environment, Supervision and Nurse Teacher Evaluation Scale has been proved to be valid and reliable. It is a valuable tool for evaluating the level of clinical learning environment.

Objective: To evaluate the validity and reliability of an organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) scale for nurses in China. Methods: Totally 317 nurses were recruited by purposive sampling method and investigated by nurses’ OCB scale designed by the authors during the early study and 34 nurses were involved in a 2-week test-retest survey. Exploratory factor analysis, internal consistency, and test-retest reliability analysis were conducted. Results: Through 9 times of exploratory factor analysis, 8 items were deleted and 24 items were reserved. We extracted 5 factors which were self-development, responsibility consciousness, actively serving, helping colleagues, and organizational identity. The cumulative variance explanation rate of these 5 factors was 64.14%, and each item’s loading value ranged from 0.513 to 0.814. The Cronbach's a coefficients of the overall scale and 5 factors were 0.934, 0.897, 0.813, 0.802, 0.813, and 0.809, respectively. The test-retest coefficient was 0.74 (P<0.001).Conclusion: The 24-item OCB scale for nurses based on 9 times of exploratory factor analysis has good construct validity,internal consistency and test-retest stability.

Objective: To revise and evaluate the validity and reliability of the Chinese version of Caregiver Reaction Assessment (CRA) for the primary family caregivers of hospitalized patients with cancer. Methods Totally 722 primary family caregivers of hospitalized patients with cancer were investigated with translation of CRA. The reliability and validity were examined by exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), Cronbach's α coefficient, and the Guttman split half coefficient, then the scale was revised and evaluated. Results: Using EFA, Chinese version CRA consisted of 4 factors explaining 55.49% of the total variance. The Cronbach's α of the total scale and subscales were 0.760~0.881, and Guttman split half coefficients of the total scale and subscales were 0.693~0.879. No significant floor and ceiling effects were detected.Conclusion: The Chinese version CRA has good validity, reliability and precision. It is an useful instrument to evaluate burden of primary family caregivers of hospitalized patients with cancer.

Objective: To investigate the prevention and nursing of pressure ulcers related to the pain in patients with malignant tumor, and to reduce the incidence of pressure ulcers. Methods: We combined the prevention of pressure ulcers and pain management, and set up a management team of pain-pressure ulcer nursing care. The nursing team carry out the prevention and nursing of pressure ulcer according to the malignant tumor patients' pain scores. The incidence of pressure ulcer and Braden score changes were compared before and after the pressure ulcer management. Results: The incidence of pressure ulcer was reduced, and the scores of physical activity degree and position change ability in the Braden score were both increased in the patients hospitalized for 10 days after received the pain-pressure ulcer management, all differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion:Combining the pain management with the prevention and care of pressure ulcer can effectively guarantee the nursing measures for prevention of pressure ulcer more specific and practicable, reduce the incidence of pressure ulcers, and alleviate the pain of patients with malignant tumor.

Objective: To explore the living experience of 11 breast reconstruction patients after breast cancer operation with a high quality of life. Methods: Using the phenomenological qualitative research methods, we semi-interviewed 11 breast reconstruction patients after breast cancer operation with a high quality of life and analyzed the data using Giorgi phenomenological data analysis methods. Results: The study found 4 themes: to regain women’s self-confidence, to retrieve self-esteem, to establish new life attitude, and to change social adaptability. The healthy and positive attitude and lifestyle had great beneficience for improving quality of life. Conclusion: The nurses should understand the innermost feelings among breast reconstruction patients after breast cancer operation, and give them holistic care of body, mind, society and spirit.

This paper introduces the definition of case management, the establishment and application of cancer case management model, analyzes the necessity of the implementation of case management in the field of cancer combined with the application status and development trends of cancer management in China and abroad, and then discuss the challenges and solving strategies in the delivery of cancer case management in China in order to provide a theoretical basis for the establishment and promotion of cancer case management model.

This paper expounded the concepts, related theory, and the current research status of nurse occupational career management, and the status quo and influencing factors among domestic and aboard nurses'occupational career management.This paper pointed out the current deficience and striving direction of nurse occupational career management research in China,and suggested that we should change the teaching methods of nurse occupational career management, increase the relevant theory of training and guidance, and perfect the relevant evaluation questionnaire, etc.

This paper expounded the definition, development, current situation of the patient classification system and how to choose it. It is aimed to provide reference for future research in the field of patient classification system's development and application.

Objective: To clearly define the coping capacity of nurse staff on medical workplace violence and related factors.Methods: A cross-sectional survey was used in this study. Totally 1112 nursing staff from 6 hospitals in Hangzhou were recruited.Results: Incidence of workplace violence was 10.9%~75.6%, a relatively high level. The score of the coping capacity on workplace violence was 3.73±0.51, relatively low. There was a significant differences in coping ability among staff varied by seniority and hospital level (P<0.001). Conclusion: The training for coping ability to workplace violence is essential not only from individual level based on seniority, but also group efforts from the hospital, local government, even the nation as a whole.

The authors reviewed the current situation of nursing human resources allocation in children's hospital,summarized the methods of rational allocation of nursing human resources, and pointed out the further research trends, so as to provide references for rational allocation of nursing human resources in children's hospital.

Objective: To systematically evaluate pressure uncler prevention effect of pressure-relief devices for critical patients, and to provide evidence-based references for choosing and using pressure-relief devices. Method: We searched related Chinese and English database, used software to classify, to exclude repeated data, and to eliminate the literatures not meeting the including criteria, read the including articles carefully, extracted and analyzed the data, evaluated research quality to make sure the evidence strength and recommendation level of results. Results: Five articles , including two Randomized Control Trails (RCTs),three non-randomized control trails were recruited in this study from 4 countries and we totally got 716 patients. The methodology quality of five articles were grade B. The six different dynamic alternating air pressure-relieving devices in intervention group can reduce incidence and stage of pressure ulcer for critical patients and were recommended to use. Conclusion: The different pressure-relieving devices played some roles in prevention pressure ulcers for critical care patients, the clinician should think about the available resource and the patients' desire and relative evidence when choosing and using pressure-relieving mattresses.

Using the theory and method of group therapy, the patients are separated into groups during hospital stay for health education. The contents of education are focused on fall prevention, approach, and behavior intervention; and were implemented by the charge nurse. Results show that health education can significantly improve the cognitive level of fall prevention among elderly, therefore decrease the incidence of falls and injuries.

Objective: To analyze the influencing factors of failure in insulin pump intensive therapy application among hospitalized patients with diabetes, and to explore the preventive nursing interventions. Methods: We selected 658 diabetes with insulin pump intensive therapy in this study, and we used the univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results:The insulin pump success rate was 90.27%, The failure rate was 9.73%. The study found that the risk factors of failure in insulin pump therapy application included proper motion tube drawing, insulin leak, setup error by nurses. The work seniority,operation, concomitant disease (especially senile dementia), patient's age, education level, body mass index, duration of wearing insulin pump were the risk factors of pump failure. Conclusion: There are many risk factors of failure in insulin pump therapy application. Nursing staff need to understand the influence factors of insulin pump failure and the operational procedures of insulin pump, give patients education associated with pump, and offer corresponding nursing intervention, which is the basic assurance of insulin pump therapy smoothly.

Objective: To report and analyze clinical nursing adverse events based on internet technology. Methods: The nursing report system with comprehensive functions, including report, check, analysis and dictionary management was developed based on factor analysis. Nurses and managers could report and analyze falls, burns, falling out of bed, unexpected extubation,pressure ulcers and nursing quality defects. Results: A total of 542 events were reported in the nursing report system from Jan 2013 to Dec 2014, and managers analyzed these events to make system improvement. Conclusion: The nursing report system had optimized function and run well. It was helpful to promote the improvement of nursing quality and the establishment of safety culture. The classifications of clinical nursing adverse events need improvement in the future.

Objective: To study the effects of Quality Control Circle (QCC) management tools on improving the rate of wristband wearing in pediatricc units. Methods: Firstly, we established QCC group. Secondly, we performed QCC steps. Finally,we compared the situations before and after the implementation of QCC by quality management tools. Results: In pediatric units,the defect rate of wristband wearing was 89.2% before the implementation of QCC. However, the rate reduced to 34.4% after the implementation of QCC. Conclusion: It can improve the compliance and rate ofwristband wearing of children by QCC quality tools. Meanwhile, it can protect medical safety, improve the satisfactions of patients, and increase the abilities of member of QCC group to solvethe clinical problems. This method should be promoted in pediatric units.

Objective: To develop a set of quality indicators for the quality of extended care. Methods: 2-round of consultation to a panel of 22 experts using Delphi method for the purpose of generating a quality of care evaluation system.Results: A evaluation system for quality of extended care based on Donabedian model was fully developed. The system includes 3 primary indicators, 10 secondary indicators and 44 tertiary indicators.Conclusion: The study improved the quality of established indicators for the extended care are reliable. These quality indicators may be used to strengthen nursing practitioners to focus on their management of patients during transitional care and to identify the needs for improvement.

Objective: To explore the current status of the nursing researches about hospital acquired infections in recent years in China, and to provide the references for further research. Methods: Nursing researches about hospital acquired infections were retrieved from the CNKI databases from 2008 to 2014 and analyzed. Results: A total of 437 papers published in 10 journals had been searched out. Papers were published most in 2009 (91). Nursing Research and Chinese Nursing Management published most articles, 100 and 99 respectively. About 32.3% papers were survey research. Researches concerning prevention and control of hospital acquired infections in key departments accounted for the largest proportion (127, 29.1%). Only 14 articles got funding.Conclusion: The quantity and quality of the nursing researches about hospital acquired infections still need to be improved.Nurses should pay more attention to control and prevent hospital acquired infections, and should improve their research capacity.

During the aiding Liberia mission of "anti ebola", through the classification approach to protective equipment,establishing a management system, carring out hospital infection supervision system, and enhancing staff's awareness of selfprotection,the medical team of PLA tended to standardize the medical protective products treatment, prevented the second pollution, guaranteed the clinical safe use, and trully realized the battle target of "win the war, zero infection".

Based on mobile nursing system in our hospital, we established students dynamic files, students' online learning and evaluation module, and clinical departments and teachers evaluation module. This system could analyze students' information and interact with other data systems. Therefore, this system could improve working efficiency, attain an objective and comprehensive evaluation of students, garantee the data safety, and optimize the work flow of clinical nursing teaching.

Objective:Development of the Morse fall risk assessment software on Android system and evaluate the effect of the software application, in order to provide the foundation for further promoting the development and use of software. Methods:Totally 194 nurses from a general hospital in Beijing participated with survey for satisfaction of self-designed Morse fall risk assessment evaluation. Results: Survey results showed satisfaction in areas such as friendly interface, convenient operation,shorten evaluation time, improvement of the education accuracy, comprehensiveness of fall related health education, and improvement of patients knowledge of fall prevention. On the other hand, the satisfaction rate remain low in areas such as limited wireless network accessibility and low charged time. Conclusion: Nurses satisfied with the Morse fall risk assessment software function, but need to improve the wireless network support to ensure the transmission of PDA data to improve the satisfaction of the software.

Objective: To investigate the status and influencing factors of transitional nursing needs among patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis. Method: Totally 106 Rheumatoid Arthritis patients were recruited by multi-stage sampling method from a public hospital. They were investigated with a self-designed questionnaire. Results: The total score of transitional nursing needs among patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis patients was 4.02 ± 0.67, which was in the relatively high lever. The main factors affected patients' transitional nursing needs were patients' age, education lever, occupation and the course of disease. Conclusion: Rheumatoid Arthritis patients were eager to transitional nursing and their needs were extensive. Transitional nursing should focus on the needs of patients. Some effective methods should be adopted to improve the quality of life in Rheumatoid Arthritis patients.

Objective: To investigate the training demands of nursing soft skills among junior nurses, to provide reference for specific soft skills training plan for junior nurses. Methods: Totally 164 junior nurses were investigated by self-designed nursing soft skills training needs questionnaire and the demands of nursing soft skills training, training forms, and the influencing factors of attending training were investigated. Results: The highest training needs for junior nurse were interpersonal skills and team spirit construction, however, the demands of interpersonal support was in lowest need level. Psychological knowledge training was the highest acceptance form of soft skill training for junior nurses. Time was the most important influencing factor for junior nurses attending soft skills training. Conclusion: In order to improve nursing soft skills among junior nurses and enhance high quality nursing, we should deliver multi-level, wide-ranging, and multi-form training programs to satisfy junior nurses' training needs.

Objective: To understand the basic characteristics of the health care providers, and analyze its influencing factors, provide a reference for the excitation of its positive work attitude. Methods: Stratified cluster method to extract 466 health care workers, personal basic conditions and operating characteristics of the survey, the data are descriptive analysis and logistic regression analysis. Results: The average score of the health care job characteristics were 38.00±4.31, 37.21±3.65; Work meaning scores were 13.20±1.82, 13.07±1.79, work pressure scores were 24.79±3.22, 24.14 ±2.78; Average weekly working time,annual income impact the awareness of nursing work meaning; Marital status, number of years of work, average weekly working time affect the perception of doctors working meaning; Education, years of work, average weekly working time affect the perception of nurses working pressure; Age, education, type of work organization affect the perception of doctors working pressure. Conclusion:Doctors operating characteristic average score significantly higher than the average of nurses; Work meaning of health care have a high cognition and the working pressures of doctors significantly higher than nurses; longer average weekly working time, higher annual income of nurses, higher level of awareness of the significance of their work; Spouse, long years of work, long average weekly working time of doctors, their awareness of the meaning of work is better; Educated, working years long, long average weekly working time of nurses, their working pressure is more; Older, educated and working in hospitals of doctors, their working pressure is larger.

Objective: To investigate the status and the correlations between physical restraint attitude and patients' aggressive behaviors perceived by psychiatric nurses. Methods: A total of 110 nurses from a psychiatric hospital in Shenzhen were investigated with the Perception of the Prevalence of Aggression Scale (POPAS) and Attitudes toward the Use of Restraints Scale(AURS). Results: The mean score of POPAS was 33.70±7.51, language aggression and mild physical violence were perceived most frequently by the nurses. The mean scores of AURS and all dimensions, named the legal and ethical issue, the feeling, the behavioral intentions about physical restraint, were 38.14±4.60,11.75±2.20,13.59±2.10,13.90±3.20,respectively. The correlation analysis showed that AURS score and the two dimensions, the feeling and the behavioral intentions about physical restraint were positively correlated with POPAS (r=0.24, 0.31, 0.20, P=0.036, 0.014, 0.047). Conclusion: Psychiatric nurses frequently suffered mild violence. Their attitudes towards restraints were neutral. There were positive correlations between nurses' physical restraint attitudes and their perceived patients' aggressive behaviors. Nurse Managers should pay attention to nurses' physical and mental health, and provide training program to change nurses' attitudes about physical restraint, help them identify patients' aggression effectively, and take alternative interventions immediately to reduce the use of physical restraint.

Objective: To explore influence of the intervention model of behavior change on self-management in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. Methods: Totally 62 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis were offered with specific nursing interventions according to self-management behavior phase. And the intervention effects were assessed. Results: After intervention, patients' self-management behavior shifted to the action phase and maintenance phase. And the scores of self-care ability and self-efficacy were improved compared with before, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.001). Conclusion: The intervention model of behavior change can help patients change from low level behavior phase to senior behavior phase, and improve patients' self-care ability and self-efficacy of coping with the lifestyle changes, which do a positive effect on standardization and improvement of selfmanagement behavior.

Objective: To change the traditional nurse scheduling model to improve the nursing care quality. Methods: The combination of nurse pre-scheduling and head nurse allocation was used to arrange nurses' shifts. Results: Nursing management and clinical nursing practice met the purpose of the high quality nursing service. Nursing service satisfaction rate rose from 92.8% to 98.9%. Conclusion: The improved nursing scheduling model got accept from both nurses and patients. It could increase nurses' work enthusiasm and patients' trust degree, and ensure the quality of holistic nursing care.

Objective: To explore the effect of group management on social function of patients with schizophrenia. Methods:Totally 89 cases of hospitalized schizophrenic patients were randomly divided into two groups, 45 cases in the intervention group and the other 44 cases in the control group. All of the patients received routine treatment and care. A five-week group activity was implemented in the study group. Before and after the intervention, Scale of Social Function in Psychosis Inpatients (SSPI) and Social Skills Training (SST) rating scale were used to evaluate the effects. Results: After the intervention, both SSPI and SST total scores were better than those in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Combined group management with the conventional drug therapy could improve social function of schizophrenic patients and increase their daily living skills.

Objective: To explore the effect of quality control activities on decreasing urine retention rate after natural labour.Methods: The authors set up a quality control circle, followed the steps of quality control activities with professional quality management tools to solve the existing problems in preventing postpartum urine retention. Urine retention rate was compared before and after the activities. Results: The urine retention rate decreased from 18.80% to 7.29%, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01). Conclusion: The application of the quality control circle activities could decrease the postpartum urine retention rate and improve care quality. It also could increase the quality management capacities of staff nurses.

Continuous Quality Improvements were used to increase qualified rate of rehabilitation training for patients with shoulder arthroscopy surgeries, and to improve the recovery of patients' shoulder functions. In this study, the authors investigated and analyzed factors affecting the qualified rate, made plans and improvement measures, then carried out plans and evaluated the effects finally. By using PDCA cycle, they implemented Continuous Quality Improvements on every aspect including brace wearing, innovation of the appliance, rehabilitation equipment, exercise places, training graphics, health education methods, evaluation and feedback. They increased the qualified rate of rehabilitation training from 49.66% to 70.83%. Through scientifically and consistently improving process, they alleviated patients' pain, improved joint functions, reduced the nurses' workload,stimulated nurses' passion, and then increased qualified rate of rehabilitation training for patients with shoulder arthroscopy surgeries effectively.

The continuing care for patients with bronchial asthma plays an important role in health maintenance. This article are reviewed from content and form and effect evaluation of the continuing care of bronchial asthma. Content and form include telephone follow-up, home visits, online follow-up, health lectures and community management, effect evaluation mainly contains the evaluation of quality of life and psychological status, in order to provide references for the further implementation of continuing care for patients with bronchial asthma.

Innovation is the main driving force for the progress and development of the times, and nurse innovative behavior directly affect the level of medical and nursing care. In recent years, the innovative behavior of nursing staff have received increasing attention.This paper summarized the concepts, measuring methods and influencing factors of nurse innovative behavior based on the main research results of domestic and aboard scholars, put forward prospect, and provided a basis for improving thenurse innovative behavior.