Objective: To construct and explore the effectiveness of a nurse-led information-based Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) clinical pathway in surgical patients. Methods: Based on multidiscipline team collaboration and evidence, a nurse-led information-based ERAS clinical pathway for 22 diseases were constructed and applied to surgical patients from January 2023. Taking liver cancer and lung cancer patients as examples, the compliance rate of ERAS measures, average hospitalization days, and hospitalization costs were compared before and after the application of nurse-led information-based ERAS clinical pathway. Results: The compliance rate of the ERAS measures in liver cancer patients of experimental group was higher than that of the control group, and the average hospitalization days and hospitalization costs were lower than those of the control group, with statistically significant difference respectively (P<0.05). The compliance rate of enhanced rehabilitation measures in lung cancer patients of experimental group was higher than that in the control group, and hospitalization cost was lower, the differences were statistically significant respectively (P<0.05). Conclusion: The nurse-led information-based ERAS clinical pathway can promote the implementation of ERAS measures, promote the rehabilitation of patients, shorten the average hospitalization days, reduce hospitalization costs, and alleviate the current situation of limited medical resources.

Objective: To investigate the current status and adverse reactions of preoperative bowel preparation for urological surgery in China, and to provide reference for further optimization of intestinal preparation management in ERAS nursing. Methods: From November 1, 2022 to March 1, 2023, 84 hospitals in China were recruited by convenient sampling method. A self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate the current status of preoperative bowel preparation for urological surgery. Results: The highest frequency of Mechanical Bowel Preparation (MBP) used in urinary system operations were prostate puncture (81.0%), radical resection of bladder tumor (78.6%), radical resection of prostate cancer (70.2%), and the lowest frequency used was ureterolithiasis surgery (35.7%). For most urological surgeries, MBP was more frequently used in tertiary hospitals than in non-tertiary hospitals (P<0.05). The top three adverse reactions during bowel preparation were abdominal distension (31.1%), affected sleep (27.4%) and nausea (14.7%). Conclusion: MBP is still the main method for preoperative bowel preparation in urology surgery. Surgeons in hospitals tend to choose different preoperative bowel preparation methods for urology surgeries. In the future, under the premise of ensuring patient safety, the experience and research results of intestinal preparation before urology surgery should be further popularized to promote the enhanced recovery of patients.

Objective: To explore the cognition and practice of gynecological medical staff on Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS), and explore the obstacles of clinical practice of ERAS. Methods: Qualitative research methods were adopted. The medical staff of gynecology department from 3 tertiary grade A hospitals in Beijing were selected for semi-structured interviews using purposive sampling method. Subject analysis was performed to analyze the interview data. ATLAS. ti 8 software was applied for data management, coding and induction. Results: Based on Theoretical Domains Framework, three obstacles to clinical application of ERAS were summarized: understanding and obstaining of ERAS knowledge, professional collaboration and support, the atmosphere and resource of ERAS practice. Conclusion: Clinical medical staff can take effective measures and strategies to encourage the application of ERAS, so as to improve the quality of perioperative medical services for gynecological patients and accelerate the recovery of patients.

Objective: To design a perioperative exercise prescription for elderly patients undergoing thoracoscopic surgery for lung cancer and evaluate the implementation effect, aiming at promoting early recovery after surgery. Methods: Domestic and foreign guidelines, expert consensus, evidence summaries were systematically searched related to perioperative exercise prescription from January 1, 2015 to April 30, 2021, and we screened and formulated the perioperative exercise prescription for elderly patients undergoing thoracoscopic surgery for lung cancer. Totally 289 elderly lung cancer patients were conveniently selected who were scheduled to undergo pneumonectomy in 2 thoracic departments of a tertiary-level cancer hospital in Tianjin from May 2021 to May 2022. This study was a non-randomized contemporaneous controlled experiment in which patients were divided into the control group (n=177) and the observation group (n=112). Patients in the control group received routine nursing, while those in the observation group were given the nurse-led perioperative exercise prescriptions regarding inspiratory muscle training, resistance training and endurance training. We compared the postoperative lung infection rate (grade I to V), the chest drain volume on the first 24h after surgery, the duration of hospitalization, the white blood cell (WBC) count, the C-reactive protein (CRP) value and the prealbumin (PALB) value on the first morning after surgery, the lowest pulse oxygen saturation (SpO2) within three days after surgery, the frequency of suction with fiberoptic bronchoscope, the number of cases transferred to ICU due to airway factors, and patients' self-efficacy for exercise of the two groups. Results: The rate of lung infection, the WBC count, the frequency of suction with fiberoptic bronchoscope, and the number of cases transferred to ICU due to airway factors were lower in the observation group than those in the control group. The lowest SpO2, chest drainage at 24 hours after surgery, the PALB value, and self-efficacy for exercise before discharge of observation group were higher than those in the control group, and the differences between the two groups were statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: Perioperative exercise prescriptions can effectively improve the clinical outcomes of elderly patients with lung cancer after surgery, and boost their self-efficacy for exercise.

Objective: To summarize the experience of applying the nurse-led multi-disciplinary pre-hospital management model of patients receiving orthopedic surgeries, in order to improve hospital efficiency and ensure patient safety. Methods: The nurse-led multi-disciplinary management model was constructed and implemented clinically since 2019. Indicators like the case-mix index, the average length of stay before surgery and the average length of hospitalization were compared before and after the application of the model. Results: Ever since the implementation of the model, both the average preoperative hospitalization length and the average hospitalization length had decreased, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Besides, patients were very satisfied with the treatment safety, efficiency and medical examination. Fifty-two medical staff who had cared those orthopedic patients were 100.0% satisfied with the model. Conclusion: The nurse-led multi-disciplinary pre-hospital management model can ensure safety patients undergoing orthopedic surgery. It not only shortens the hospital stay, ensures patient safety, but also expands the field and value of nursing services.

Objective: To explore the quality of life for elderly hypertension patients living in Macao communities and its correlated factors, to provide theoretical basis for taking further interventions to improve the health of this population. Methods: A total of 220 elderly patients with hypertension were included by convenience sampling from three day-care centers and five nursing homes for the elderly in Macao from April 2019 to March 2023. The general information questionnaire, Toronto Alexithymia Scale, the Social Support Rating Scale, the Hypertension Self-Efficacy Scale and The Mos 36-Item Short Form Health Survey were used to collect the data. Results: According to the Mos 36-Item Short Form Health Survey, the average total score of physical health of the patients was 60.01±17.30, and 59.00±18.85 for their mental health score. The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that alexithymia, self-efficacy, course of hypertension, whether taking regular exercise and diet control were the main factors of physical health (P<0.05), while alexithymia, social support, whether having regular exercise and the frequency of blood pressure monitoring were the main factors of psychological health (P<0.05). Conclusion: The quality of life of elderly patients with hypertension in Macao communities needs to be improved. More attention should be paid to the physical health of those with alexithymia, low self-efficacy, having hypertension for over 20 years, and taking neither regular exercise nor dietary control. As to those with alexithymia, low level of social support, having no regular exercise and less frequent blood pressure monitoring, more attention is required to their mental health. It is suggested to improve the quality of life of those patients through psychological and social support, health education, regular blood pressure monitoring, exercise and proper diet control to encourage the aged to express their emotions and enhance their self-efficacy.

Objective: To construct a PICC unplanned extubation risk assessment index system for cancer patients, and to provide a more accurate and effective assessment tool for clinical nurses. Methods: A research group was established to screen the indicators through literature review, semi-structured interviews and group discussion. The Delphi method and analytic hierarchy process were used to determine the risk assessment index and the weights of each index. Results: After 2 rounds of expert consultation, the PICC unplanned extubation risk assessment index system for cancer patients was constructed, which included 4 first-level indicators, 17 second-level indicators and 27 third-level indicators. Conclusion: The risk assessment index system for unplanned extubation of PICC in cancer patients constructed in this study is practical and generalizable, and can provide reference for nurses to evaluate the PICC unplanned extubation risk in cancer patients accurately and effectively.

Objective: To construct and validate the risk prediction model and evaluation tool for delayed onset of lactogenesis, to provide an effective tool for early identification of group at risk of delayed onset of lactation. Methods: A Meta-analysis of risk factors for delayed onset of maternal lactation was performed, and the natural logarithm of the combined risk of each risk factor was used as the β coefficient of the model, and the natural logarithm of the ratio of the incidence of delayed onset of maternal lactation to the non-incidence rate at 72 hours after delivery was used as the a coefficient of the model to build the prediction model. Data of 420 maternal cases were collected, and the predictive performance of the model was analyzed. Results: The prediction model for delayed lactation onset was logit (P)= -0.859+0.174×advanced age+0.148×primiparity+0.113×caesarean+0.239×pre-pregnancy overweight or obese+0.182×excessive weight gain during pregnancy+0.166×gestational diabetes mellitus+0.336×hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy+0.223×breastfeeding started later+0.315×anxiety+0.285×depression. The area under ROC for the model was 0.765, 95%CI (0.717, 0.812), the sensitivity was 0.736, the specificity was 0.712. The risk assessment tool score was 0-20, the score ≥6 was high-risk group, and the area under ROC for the tool was 0.751, 95%CI (0.702, 0.799), the sensitivity was 0.688, and the specificity was 0.719. Conclusion: The risk prediction model and evaluation tool for delayed onset of lactogenesis based on Meta-analysis have good predictive power, and can be used as a tool for early prediction of delayed onset of lactogenesis.

The association standard Prevention of aspiration in older adults was released by the Chinese Nursing Association in January 2023. This paper interprets this standard in detail, including basic requirements and measures of the risk identification and prevention of aspiration in older adults, to help nursing staff at all levels of all types of medical institutions better understand and utilize this standard for the prevention of aspiration in older adults.

Objective: To investigate the current status of management of stoma patients by Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nurse in a teaching base. Methods: From June 19th to 30th,2022, a self-developed questionnaire was used to investigate the status of patients management Results: A total of 214 valid questionnaires were returned. In terms of perioperative health education, 71.5% of nurses could evaluate the psychological status of patients and guide the patients to cope with the problems, 66.4% of the nurses could position the preoperative stoma, 80.4% of the nurses provided regular follow-up. Less than 66.0% of the nurses perform information management. 46.3% of visits were carried out by nurses and physicians. Nurses with full-time position, more than three years working experience, and caring of more than 50 cases per year could perform better management than nurses with part-time position, less than three years working experience, and caring of less than 50 cases. Conclusion: The management level of stoma patients by Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nurse needs to be further improved, including psychological care, stoma positioning, information management, etc. The teaching contents and level of the practice base should be improved at the same time.

Objective: To investigate the current situation of work engagement and its influencing factors among palliative nurses. Methods: The convenience sampling method was used to recruit nurses from four tertiary grade A hospitals in Beijing and Hangzhou from November 2021 to February 2022. A survey was conducted on their palliative care knowledge, self-perception ability, compassion fatigue, and work engagement. Based on a multiple mediation model, the influencing factors and influencing paths of palliative care nurses' work engagement were analyzed. Results: The score of palliative nurses' work engagement was 37.32±10.38. The knowledge of palliative care significantly positively affected the ability to perceive oneself (β=0.318, P<0.001). There were significant positive impact of self-perception ability on work engagement (β=0.235, P<0.001), and significant negative impact of self-perception ability on compassion fatigue (β=-0.204, P<0.001). The compassion fatigue significantly negatively affected work engagement (β=-0.141, P=0.013). The knowledge of palliative care had a negative and indirect impact on compassion fatigue through self-perception ability (the indirect effect was -0.065, P=0.005), and positive and indirect impact on work engagement and compassion fatigue through self-perception ability (the indirect effect was 0.084, P<0.001). Conclusion: The work engagement of palliative nurses is at a high level, and knowledge of hospice care, self-perception ability, and compassion fatigue are key factors affecting their engagement. The knowledge of palliative care must be transformed into self-perception ability to have an impact on compassion fatigue and work engagement. The process of self-perception ability is a key link in knowledge resistance to fatigue, and its strengthening is beneficial for alleviating compassion fatigue and increasing work engagement. Nursing managers should accelerate the construction of palliative care education system, pay attention to the dynamic evaluation of self-perception ability and compassion fatigue among palliative nurses, optimize manpower allocation, create a good working environment, pay attention to the physical and mental health of nurses, and assist in improving work engagement.

Objective: To develop a Good Death Scale for terminal patients and test its reliability and validity. Methods: Guided by the good death model, an initial version of the scale was developed through literature review, semi-structured interview and expert correspondence and pilot survey. From January to March 2023, patients were selected from the outpatients and wards in two tertiary grade A hospitals in Beijing and Tianjin for questionnaire survey, and the item analysis and reliability and validity testing were carried out for the scale. Results: Good Death Scale was composed of 6 dimensions with a total of 29 items. The content validity index (CVI) of the scale was 0.979, and the CVI of each item (I-CVI) was between 0.800 and 1.000. The Cronbach' α coefficient of the scale is 0.877, and the half reliability coefficient is 0.803. Conclusion: The Good Death Scale for terminally ill patients is with good reliability and validity, and it can be used as a tool to measure the death quality for terminal patients in China.

Palliative care needs screening in emergency departments is key to providing early palliative care services for patients who may benefit from it. This paper summarizes the existing palliative care needs screening tools for patients in emergency departments at home and abroad, hoping to provide some ideas for the development and clinical practice of the palliative care needs screening tools for patients in emergency departments.

Objective: Explore the construction and operation of the "hospital-community-home" hospice care service mode within the medical alliance, in order to promote the development of hospice care disciplines in the local area. Methods: By clarifying the functional positioning of medical institutions at all levels in the practice of hospice care and forming a multidisciplinary hospice care team, our hospital gradually constructed "hospital-community-home" hospice care services mode within the medical alliance. In the process, the "hospital-community-home" hospice care service mode was promoted to operate through homogenization management, referral management, and science popularization promotion of hospice care services. Results: At present, there is one tertiary hospital, one secondary hospital and one community health service center that have carried out hospice care services in the medical alliance of 18 medical institutions of different levels. The cumulative number of people served by hospice care has exceeded 12,100, among which more than 100 were referred to other institutions within the medical alliance. Moreover, the cumulative number of trainees has exceeded 5,200. Conclusion: The "hospital-community-home" hospice care service mode constructed within the medical alliance is practical and feasible, providing a reference for promoting the collaborative development of regional hospice care and exploring the establishment of the mode of hospice care service suitable for our country.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of trimodal pre-rehabilitation program on older patients undergone cardiac valve replacement during perioperative period. Methods: From November 2021 to November 2022, forty older patients undergone cardiac valve replacement in cardiothoracic and vascular surgery department of a tertiary grade A hospital in Baise city were recruited by convenient sampling method, and were assigned to the control group and the pre-rehabilitation group according to the order of admission time, with 20 cases in each group. Patients in the control group were given routine care, and patients in the pre-rehabilitation group were given trimodal pre-rehabilitation program on the basis of routine care. At 24 hours after admission, 1 day before surgery and 1 day before discharge, the 6-Minute Walking Test, serum prealbumin and serum albumin, anxiety and depression scores of two groups of patients were compared. The time of ventilator use, the time of activity out of bed, length of hospital stay, and some common postoperative complications (including pulmonary infection, acute renal failure) and secondary tractracular intubation incidence were compared between the two groups. Results: After the pre-rehabilitation, the results of 6-Minute Walking Test, serum prealbumin and serum albumin, anxiety and depression scores in the pre-rehabilitation group 1 day before operation and 1 day before discharge were significantly better than those in the control group (P<0.05). The time of ventilator use, the time of activity out of bed and length of hospital stay in the pre-rehabilitation group were significantly better than those in the control group 1 day before discharge (P<0.05). While the incidence of some common postoperative complications (including pulmonary infection, acute renal failure) and secondary tractracular intubation had no statistical significance (P>0.05). Conclusion: The trimodal pre-rehabilitation program can improve the motor function, nutritional status and psychological status of older patients with heart valve replacement surgery during the perioperative period, which can provide reference for promoting postoperative rehabilitation.

Objective: The Fear of Activity in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease (Fact-CAD) was translated into Chinese to provide a scientific and reliable specificity tool for the assessment of kinesiophobia in patients with CAD in China. Methods: Standard forward-back translation techniques, including translation, back translation and cross-cultural adaptation, were used in the translation of the Fact-CAD scale according to the Brislin translation model. From October 2022 to February, 2023, totally 334 patients with CAD from a tertiary hospital in Hangzhou were selected for investigation. The reliability and validity of the questionnaire were evaluated by combining Rasch model analysis and CTT. Results: The Chinese version of Fact-CAD scale was single-dimensional and included 19 items. The Outfit Mean Square of each item was 0.72-2.10, the Infit Mean Square was 0.88-1.29, and the correlation coefficient of the item-total score was 0.04-0.58. The fit of each item was in line with the Rasch model, with moderate difficulty and good structural validity. The Chinese version of the Multi-dimensional Self Efficacy for Exercise Scale was used as the aggregate validity, the correlation coefficient was -0.636 (P<0.01), and the average content validity index was 0.951. The Cronbach's α coefficient of the scale was 0.901, the Guttman split-half reliability was 0.885, and the retest reliability was 0.893. Conclusion: The Chinese version of Fact-CAD shows high validity and reliability, having the strengths of fewer items and shorter evaluating time, and can be suitable for the assessment of kinesiophobia in CAD patients in China.

Objective: To summarize the relevant evidence of follow-up of patients with atrial fibrillation after discharge. Methods: Guidelines, consensus, systematic reviews, Meta-analyses, evidence summaries, clinical decisions on out-of-hospital follow-up, rehabilitation, health education, discharge planning, and transitional care of patients with atrial fibrillation were systematically retrieved from relevant association websites, guideline websites, and Chinese and English databases. The search time was from the establishment of the database to February 2023. The quality of the retrieved literature was evaluated, and the evidence was extracted and summarized in combination with professional judgment. Results: A total of 13 articles were included, including 1 clinical decision, 5 guidelines, 6 expert consensus and 1 Meta-analysis. A total of 26 best evidences were summarized in 10 themes, including follow-up personnel, follow-up methods, follow-up content, follow-up time, dynamic evaluation, compliance evaluation, health education, weight management, exercise management, and complication management. Conclusion: This study summarizes the best evidence for follow-up of patients with atrial fibrillation after discharge, and provides evidence-based basis for clinical medical staff to formulate scientific discharge follow-up plans for patients with atrial fibrillation. Medical staff should combine the individual characteristics of patients and medical professional judgment to apply the evidence in clinical practice.

Cardiac pacemaker implantation is a common method for treating heart diseases. To realize the full and effective function of the pacemaker, patients after implantation must be properly nursed, and exercise plays an important role. This article reviews the status quo of kinesiophobia after cardiac pacemaker implantation, the evaluation of kinesiophobia, and the research status of kinesiophobia intervention, to provide a reference for exercise rehabilitation of patients with cardiac pacemaker implantation and to improve the state of kinesiophobia and quality of life of patients with cardiac pacemaker implantation.

Objective: To understand the current status of training load of nurses who worked at Central Sterile Supply Department (CSSD) in Gansu province, and analyze its influencing factors, providing evidence for specialized training in the future. Methods: A questionnaire survey was carried out among 753 nurses in CSSD from 133 hospitals in 14 cities across Gansu province by using the Clinical Nurses Training Load Scale from January 9th to 20th, 2023. Results: The total average training load of the nurses in CSSD in Gansu province was 2.76±0.81. Following analysis, nurses who were from hospitals at different levels and have various years of experience felt different model training load (P<0.05), and nurses of different professional title experienced significant differences in training load (P<0.05). Conclusion: The overall training load is at mild level while some content loads and physical and mental load are close to moderate level. Therefore, when developing the training programs, managers should take into account the training load of learners and scientifically and reasonably arrange the content to enhance the training effects.

Objective: To explore the mediating effect of nurses, professional pride on professional values and job engagement. Methods: From July, 2022 to November, 2022, a total of 642 nurses were surveyed by general information questionnaire, Nurse Professional Values Scale (NPCS), Nursing Professional Pride Scale (NPPS), and Work Engagement Scale (WES). Results: The scores of NPCS, NPPS, and WES were 103.09±21.28, 96.84±20.05, and 32.08±10.48 respectively. Nurses' professional values were positively correlated with job engagement (r=0.747, P<0.001) and professional pride (r=0.803, P<0.001) and professional pride was positively correlated with job engagement (r=0.796, P<0.001). Nurses' professional pride played a partial mediating effect between professional values and work engagement. Conclusion: Nurses, professional pride is a mediating variable between professional values and job engagement, and managers can increase the job engagement by improving professional pride.

Objective: To establish a core theoretical course framework for Oncology Advanced Practice Nurse (OAPN) in China. Methods: The Delphi consultation questionnaire was developed based on the results of interviews and a comprehensive literature review. The framework of core theoretical course of OAPN was determined through two-round expert consultations. Results: A total of 55 experts from 11 hospitals and 4 medical schools in 10 provinces and cities were recruited, and two-round of expert correspondence were conducted. The final core theoretical course framework included 6 primary indicators and 31 secondary indicators. Conclusion: The core theoretical course framework for OAPN is established, which lays the foundation for carrying out advanced practice nurse training in oncology in China.

Objective: Analyze and evaluate the effectiveness of non-pharmacological interventions for depression during pregnancy, in order to provide reference for improving nursing practices for depression during pregnancy. Methods: Chinese and English databases were searched for Randomized Controlled Trials that met the criteria. The search time was from the establishment of the database to September 2023. Two members of the research group screened the articles, evaluated their quality, and extracted the relevant data. Stata 17.0 and Review Manager 5.3 software were used for network Meta-analysis. Results: A total of 34 studies were included, including 9 interventional methods. The results of network Meta-analysis showed that compared with the usual care group, exercise intervention [SMD=-7.07, 95%CI (-9.55, -4.60), P<0.001], cognitive behavioral intervention [SMD=-5.71, 95%CI (-8.55, -2.87), P<0.001], peer support intervention [SMD=-5.31, 95%CI (-11.64, -0.84), P<0.001], music intervention [SMD=-4.86, 95%CI (-7.20, -2.52), P<0.001] had good intervention effects on depression during pregnancy. The area under the SUCRA probability plot showed that exercise might be the best non-pharmacological intervention for depression during pregnancy. Conclusion: When pregnant women have no contraindications to exercise, exercise is recommended as the first choice for depression during pregnancy. Medical staff should strengthen the professional theoretical knowledge of exercise during pregnancy, and formulate personalized exercise programs according to the physical and mental characteristics of women in different pregnancy periods. A comprehensive intervention program combining multiple interventions may be more effective, but it still needs further verification.

Objective: To summarize the evidence of inhaled therapy with inhalation devices in patients with COPD, and to provide references for clinical practice. Methods: The literature related to the evidence of inhaled medication management in COPD patients was systematically searched from domestic and foreign databases and websites until June 13, 2023. Researchers evaluated literature quality and extracted evidence according to the literature evaluation criteria. Results: A total of 21 literatures were included, including 5 clinical decisions, 4 guidelines, 2 evidence summaries, 5 systematic reviews, 1 randomized controlled trial and 4 expert consensus. Twenty-seven pieces of evidence were summarized from eight aspects: multidisciplinary cooperation, combination medication regimen, selection of inhalation device, evaluation of inhalation device usage technique, evaluation of inhaled medication compliance, health education for inhaled medication, follow-up and management, and effects evaluation. Conclusion: This study summarized the current evidence on inhaled medication management in COPD patients and provided scientific and effective evidence-based reference for healthcare providers to manage inhaled medication, so as to improve the correctness of inhaled medication in COPD patients.

Objective: To summarize the evidence of pulmonary rehabilitation management in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF) patients, and to provide references for the clinical nursing practice. Methods: Related literature in databases, guide websites, association websites at home and abroad were systematically searched from the establishment of the database until November 2, 2022, and the evidence recommendation system of JBI evidence-based health care center were adopted for literature quality evaluation, evidence extraction and recommendation level evaluation. Results: A total of 14 literatures were included with 5 guidelines, 2 systematic reviews, 1 expert consensus, 2 position statements, 1 expert recommendation and 3 randomized control trials. Eighteen items of evidence on 8 topics were summarized, including the effectiveness and safety of pulmonary rehabilitation, assessment for the patients, rehabilitation opportunity and place, content of pulmonary rehabilitation, precautions during exercise training, effect evaluation indicators, professional team and patient education. Conclusion: This study summarized the evidence on pulmonary rehabilitation of patients with IPF and provided evidence-based reference for the management of pulmonary rehabilitation of patients.

Objective: To retrieve, evaluate and summarize the evidence of External Ventricular Drain (EVD) management and provide a reference for a better protocol of EVD management. Methods: We systematically searched databases and websites for evidence on EVD management. The retrieval time limit was from the database construction to November 30, 2022. There were 4 researchers who evaluated the quality of the literature, and extracted recommendations and research conclusions from the included literature. Results: Totally 8 articles were involved, including 3 guidelines, 2 expert consensuses, 3 systematic reviews. Finally, 21 pieces of best evidence were summarized, about assessment and record, key points of EVD manipulation, cerebrospinal fluid sampling, treatment of clamping and disconnecting drainage tube, position change, intrahospital transportation, EVD removal, management and training. Conclusion: The study summarizes the evidence of external ventricular drain management. It is recommended for health professionals to fully consider the clinical situations to develop more detailed personalized drainage management.

Objective: To systematically evaluate the exercise experience of patients with advanced cancer, so as to provide basis for formulating exercise programs for them. Methods: The relevant qualitative studies in CNKI, WanFang Data, VIP, CBM, PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, ProQuest and The Cochrane Library were retrieved from the establishment of these databases to February 2023. The quality of the literature was evaluated using the evaluation criteria issued by the Australian JBI Evidence based Health Care Center, and the results were processed by the method of aggregation and integration. Results: Totally 12 articles were included with 71 topics being extracted and 10 categories summarized. Four integrated results were formed, namely, the perception and motivation to participate in sports changes; the benefits of exercise participation to advanced cancer patients both physically and mentally; the multiple obstacles for advanced cancer patients participating in exercise; patients with advanced cancer craving for social support during their participation in sports. Conclusion: Exercise can improve the physical and psychological conditions of patients with advanced cancer, but there are many obstacles in the process. The medical staff should fully evaluate patients and develop safe and appropriate exercise programs according to their needs.

Objective: This paper is a scoping review of applying Braden QD Scale, to assess the risk of pressure injury of children to analyze the current research status in this field, and provide reference for clinical practice and related studies. Methods: The research on the use of Braden QD Scale was retrieved from domestic and foreign databases and related websites from their inception to April 25, 2023. All the literatures included were summarized and analyzed. Results: A total of 82 studies were obtained, and 10 studies were finally included after screening. Eight of them tested the risk prediction efficiency of Braden QD Scale, and two compared the accuracy and applicability of the scale. Conclusion: Braden QD Scale has good predictive efficacy, yet further multi-center and large-sample clinical studies are needed for local clinical usage and application.

Ankyloglossia may lead to difficulty in breastfeeding and affect growth and development of infants. This paper reviews the definition, diagnosis, impact on breastfeeding and management of ankyloglossia. It is suggested to strengthen the evaluation and guidance of obstetric medical staff on breastfeeding, and improve the ability to identify the short lingual frenulum, and cultivate a team of specialized nurses with professional breastfeeding guidance skills. And it points out that further research on effective management strategies for breastfeeding of infants with ankyloglossia in the future is needed, so that clinical medical staff could provide the best information for the parents of infants with ankyloglossia and promote breastfeeding.

Cancer-Related Fatigue is one of the most common symptoms of breast cancer patients after treatment, which seriously affects the quality of life of patients. This article reviews the mechanism, intervention plan and effect of resistance training on Cancer-Related Fatigue symptoms in breast cancer patients, aiming to provide reference for nursing intervention of Cancer-Related Fatigue symptoms in breast cancer patients and promote their rehabilitation.