关键词: 肠造口；造口底盘渗漏；身体形态评估；造口护理

Abstract: Objective: To develop and implement a stoma leakage prevention protocol based on body morphology assessment, aiming to provide reference for clinical practice. Methods: A stoma leakage prevention protocol based on body morphology assessment was formulated through literature review and expert consultation. Using convenience sampling, patients with intestinal stomas admitted to a tertiary grade A cancer specialty hospital in Henan province from January to June 2025 were enrolled. The control group (n=44) received conventional stoma care, while the intervention group (n=44) implemented the morphology assessment-based leakage prevention protocol. The two groups were compared regarding postoperative stoma leakage incidence, peristomal skin complication rates, and nursing satisfaction. Results: At 1 week postoperatively, the leakage rate in the intervention group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05), a continuous downward trend was observed at 4 and 8 weeks postoperatively, but the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). The incidence of skin complications at 4 and 8 weeks postoperatively was significantly lower in the intervention group than in the control group (P<0.05). At 8 weeks postoperatively, the total nursing satisfaction score was significantly higher in the intervention group than in the control group (P<0.001). Conclusion: A stoma leakage prevention program based on body morphology assessment effectively reduces the risk of early postoperative leakage in ileostomy patients, significantly decreases skin complications, and enhances patient nursing satisfaction.

Key words: enterostomy; ostomy chassis leakage; body morphology assessment; colostomy care