This article summarized the nurse's leading practice in critically ill children, researches on children and their parents, ICU physical environment, research status of new technology and new method and management of multidrug-resistant organisms from the nursing research literature. The paper analyzed the development of pediatric critical care as well. The future nursing research and the development of the pediatric critical care are prospected.

Objective: To construct and evaluate the sepsis prevention and management strategies in children with hematologic malignancies. Methods: Pediatric patients with hematologic malignancies who occurred febrile neutropenia in the department of hematology and oncology of one AAA Children's hospital were selected as subjects. The patients admitted from April to September 2018 and nurses in the same periods were included in the control group, and implemented with routine care. The patients admitted from April to September 2019 were included in the intervention group and performed the sepsis prevention and management strategies in children with hematologic malignancies. The rate of sepsis, sepsis shock, time of each step, rate of timely use of first antibiotics of patients, and knowledge level of nurses were compared between the two groups. Results: In intervention group, the rate of sepsis was decreased (P<0.05), while rate of septic shock was not statistically significant (P>0.05). The rate of timely use of first antibiotics of patients, and practice level of nurses were significantly increased; the time interval from fever to medication and from prescription to medication were significantly decreased (P<0.05), while knowledge level of nurses was not statistically significant (P>0.05). Conclusion: The sepsis prevention and management strategies in children with hematologic malignancies can effectively improve the management efficiency, clinical outcome and quality of care.

Objective: To describes the status quo of assessing and identifying barriers during central venous catheter maintenance evidence implementation in pediatric intensive care units (PICU) of 6 children's hospitals in China. Methods: The original data submitted by the participants in the "Multi-center Study on Evidence Implementation of Central Venous Catheter Maintenance in PICU" from October 2019 to April 2020 were used as the objectives. Three lists consist of 7 items at "Innovation (I)", 17 items at "Recipients (R)" and 9 items at "Context (C)" based on i-PARIHS theoretical framework were used to evaluate the status quo of assessing and identifying barriers among 6 settings. Content completion rates were measured both at setting level and at item level. Results: Six settings conducted a comprehensive assessment of the barriers at "Innovation" construct; the setting and item content completion rate were 100%; of the "Recipients" and "Context" construct, the setting content completion rate ranged from 41.2%-82.4% and 11.1%-66.7% respectively. All of the settings did not assess 3 items at "Recipients" construct and 2 items at "Context" construct. Conclusion: There is a lack of comprehensiveness and systematically in assessing and identifying the barriers of evidence implementation to central venous catheters maintenance in PICU. The application of i-PARIHS theoretical framework in evidence-based nursing practice deserves further exploration. Effective strategies should be adopted to overcome barriers to the successful evidence implementation.

Objective: To analyze the effect of chlorhexidine gluconate solution as a universal decolonization strategy in pediatric ICU. Methods: Totally 1184 pediatric patients with bacteria monitored during hospitalization were analyzed retrospectively. The patients who did not receive the universal decolonization strategy from December 2013 to November 2016 were included in the control group. The patients who were performed the universal decolonization strategy from December 2016 to May 2019 were included in the experimental group. The general data of patients, the incidence, the type and location of bacteria, and the incidence of instrument related infection were compared between the two groups. Results: There were significant differences in hospitalization days and hospitalization expenses between the two groups. The incidence of colonized bacteria infection in the experiment group was decreased and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The lower respiratory tract was the main site of pathogen colonization. There was significant difference in the incidence of ventilator-related infection between the two groups (4.9‰, 1.98‰, P<0.05). Conclusion: The lower respiratory tract is the site with the highest detection rate of colonization bacteria. The universal decolonization strategy with chlorhexidine gluconate can reduce the incidence of colonization bacteria including Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The universal decolonization strategy can be recommended in the management of ventilator-associated pneumonia.

Objective: To investigate the self-transcendence level and its influencing factors in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma undergoing radiotherapy. Methods: A total of 158 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma undergoing radiotherapy from two tertiary grade A hospitals in Guangzhou were enrolled in the survey using the General Information Questionnaire, Self-Transcendence Scale, Herth Hope Index, and Perceived Social Support Scale. Results: The self-transcendence score of patients was 37.07±7.74. Patients with higher education level, no tumor metastasis, and lower frequency of radiotherapy, had higher self-transcendence scores (P<0.05). The level of hope, perceived social support were positively correlated with self-transcendence in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma undergoing radiotherapy (P<0.05). The degree of education, the times of radiotherapy, whether the tumor metastasizes, hope level, and perceived social support were the influencing factors of self-transcendence score, which can explain 43.8% of the total variation. Conclusion: The self-transcendence level of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma undergoing radiotherapy is low. The individualized interventions are necessary to improve the hope level and perceived social support of patients, and so as to improve the patient's self-transcendence level.

Objective: To explore the true feelings and grief experiences of pregnancy loss women, so as to provide evidence for nurses to give better perinatal care. Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted among 13 women with phenomenological research methods, and data were analyzed by Colaizz's seven-step method. Results: Three themes were extracted: the complex grief response, the connection between mother and fetus, and the influence of pregnancy loss on women. Conclusion: Nurses should pay attention to grief experience of pregnancy loss women from early diagnosis to fetal delivery, strengthen grief counseling and psychological comfort, assist women in grief transformation, formulate personalized intervention measures, and actively improve the quality of perinatal care.

Objective: To translate and revise the Telehealth Readiness Assessment Tool, and construct an assessment tool suitable for measuring telehealth readiness of remote health care in China. Methods: The Telehealth Readiness Assessment Tool was translated and revised based on Brislin translation model. A total of 110 medical personnel in Hebi, Henan province were investigated to test the reliability and validity of the questionnaire. Results: Three common factors were extracted, and the cumulative contribution rate of variance reached 61.858%. The scale included three dimensions: core readiness (4 items), engagement readiness (7 items) and structural readiness (6 items). The correlation coefficient between each item and total score was 0.408-0.680. The content validity analysis showed that the CVI of each item was 0.88-1.00, and the average CVI was 0.93. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the scale was 0.861, and 0.743, 0.878, 0.866 respectively for each dimension. Conclusion: The Chinese version of the Telehealth Readiness Assessment Tool has good reliability and validity, can be used to evaluate the remote health care readiness in China.

Objective: To understand the patients' perception and experience of participating in clinical nursing education, and to provide reference and basis from patients' perspective in the clinical nursing teaching. Methods: The phenomenological research method was adopted, and 16 inpatients were selected by purpose sampling for semi-structured interviews. The data was analyzed using Colaizzi's seven-step method. Results: Five themes of role perception were extracted, including teacher's teaching material, students' clinical practice platform, students' performance evaluator, students' professional skills promoter, and students' clinical learning educator. Five themes of participating experiences were extracted, namely love and care from nursing students, dedication and self-worth realization, lack of publicity related to clinical nursing education in hospital, desire for respect, and the need for a positive and supportive nursing environment. Conclusion: Patients' role perception showed that the role and significance of patients' participation in clinical education hadn't been fully developed. The participation experience also reflected related problems in clinical nursing education. It is recommended that medical staff and relevant educators pay more attention to patients' role of education, and further improve the clinical nursing education system.

Objective: To explore the effect of emotional catharsis workshop on negative emotions among patients with depression. Methods: We recruited participants from inpatients diagnosed as major depressive disorder in Shanghai Mental Health Centerfrom October, 2018 to April, 2019. Totally 130 hospitalized patients from January 2018 to September 2018 were devided to the control group and 123 hospitalized patients from October 2018 to April 2019 were devided to the intervention group. The intervention group accepted nurse-led emotional catharsis workshop group therapy on the basis of routine medication therapy and care, while the control group received routine medication therapy and careonly.Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS), Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), Coping Style Questionnaire (CSQ) and self-designed Self-injury Behavior Scale were used to evaluate the changes in negative emotion, coping styles and self-injury behaviors before and after 8 intervention.Results: After 8 interventions, the scores of SAS, self adjustment promotion and SDS were significantly lower than those before intervention (P<0.05). The scores of coping styles, fantasy, self-blame and problem solving in the intervention group were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Nurse-led emotional catharsis workshop can effectively promote patients' mental status, release anxiety, depression and clinical negative emotion and improve patients' clinical prognosis and rehabilitation.

Objective: To compare the applicability of Chinese version of Morse Fall Scale and Hendrich II Fall Risk Model in elderly inpatients. Methods: Convenience sampling method was performed. Totally 341 elderly inpatients were included. Chinese version of Morse Fall Scale and Hendrich II Fall Risk Model were applied to assess the elderly inpatients. The nurses' understanding and acceptance of the two scales were assessed by self-designed questionnaire. Results: Totally 16(4.7%) falls occurred. For Morse Fall Scale, the high-risk screening rate was 73.9%, high risk falling rate was 4.8%, sensitivity was 75.0% and specificity was 26.2%. For Hendrich II Fall Risk Model, the high risk screening rate was 35.8%, high risk falling rate was 11.5%, sensitivity rate was 87.5% and specificity was 66.8%. There was significant difference in high risk screening rates between the two scales (P<0.001). 66.1% nurses claimed that the assessment process of Hendrich II was easier to understand and its items were clearer than the Morse Fall Scale. Conclusion: Hendrich II Fall Risk Model shows high prediction validity and high acceptance by nurses, and it is suitable for fall risk assessment in elderly inpatients.

Objective: To describe the dynamic changes of rumination and subjective well-being in patients with breast cancer six months after surgery, and explore their relationships among these patients. Methods: Convenience sampling was used to recruit 99 patients with breast cancer to be included in the current study. A general information questionnaire, the Chinese Event-Related Rumination Inventory, and the General Well-being Schedule were used to collect relevant information. Results: Over the course of six months, the level of rumination in patients with breast cancer and its related sub-dimensions were statistically different (P<0.01), with significant changes on subjective well-being (P<0.01). Patients' invasive rumination significantly affected patients' subjective well-being (P<0.01). In addition, patients' objective rumination significantly affected their subjective well-being (P<0.01). Conclusion: The level of rumination and subjective well-being in patients with breast cancer changed dynamically within six months after surgery, and the higher the level of objective rumination, the better the patients' subjective well-being. The healthcare providers should identify the cognitive processing characteristics of patients with breast caner, and adequately adopting customized interventions to improve their subjective well-being.

Objective: To explore the application effect of Homecare Platform on self-management after Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) for patients with Coronary Heart Disease (CHD). Methods: A total of 200 patients with CHD after PCI in a tertiary grade A hospital in Henan province were recruited from September 2018 to August 2019, and were evenly divided into the control group and the experimental group according to the random number table method. Both groups were provided with routine follow-up management, while the experimental group was also provided with PCI Homecare Platform. Results: The rates of readmission and adverse events in the experimental group were lower than those in control group (P<0.05). In the experimental group, use rates of anti-thrombotic drugs, statin drugs and other secondary preventive drugs, compliance of lifestyle changes (smoking cessation, rehabilitation exercise), the standard rates for blood pressure, blood glucose, body weight and blood lipid were higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Health management based on PCI Homecare Platform can effectively reduce the rates of readmission and adverse events of patients and improve their quality of life.

This article reviews the research progress of children's intestinal stoma transitional care, included the general situation of children's enterotomy, the importance and the pattern of stoma transitional care, in order to provide reference for the future development of children's stoma transitional care.

Objective: To analyze the influencing factors of the use of day care centers for community elderly. Methods: Based on Andersen's behavior model, questionnaire survey was used to collect the data, which covered the predisposing factors, enabling factors and demanding factors, and logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the factors related with the using of day care centers for community elderly. Results: For all the 345 elderly, there were 161 (46.7%) used day care services and 184 (53.3%) never used. Logistic regression analysis showed that the related factors included the gender, age and educational level in the predisposing factors, average monthly income and attitudes with families in the enabling factors, and the number of chronic diseases in the demanding factors. Conclusion: There were many factors affected the use of day care center services of community elderly, and enabling factors were with the greatest affects.

Objective: To study the relationship between perceived social support and quality of life of housebound elderly people aged over 75, in order to provide references to the community comprehensive rehabilitation intervention. Methods: From January to December 2018, housebound elderly (≥75 yrs) were selected by cluster sampling from 8 communities in Tangshan. Participants were surveyed using self-administered questionnaires, including self-designed demographic questionnaire, housebound status scale, perceived social support scale, and WHOQOL-BREF. Results: A total of 304 housebound elderly people were enrolled in the survey. The average score of perceived social support was 60.25±11.65. Totally 158 participants reported high perceived social support level (50.2%), 134 reported medium (44.1%), and 12 reported low (3.9%). Quality of life had an average score of 78.20±11.55, perceived social support was positively associated with quality of life (r=0.301) and social relations (r=0.355), P<0.01. Conclusion: Perceived social support positively correlated with quality of life in housebound elderly people. Therefore, strengthening social and family support may improve the quality of life of Chinese housebound elderly.

Objective: To systematically evaluate the effectiveness of gum chewing to promote gastrointestinal function recovery after laparoscopic surgery. Methods: The Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) regarding gum chewing on gastrointestinal recovery after Laparoscopic surgery were collected using the following databases: PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Embase, and CINAHL, Scopus, Web of Science, Chinese biomedical literature database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, WanFang Data, Chinese Science and Technology Periodical Databases and Duxiu Knowledge Search. A quantitative systemic review (Meta-analysis) was conducted by using RevMan 5.3 software after the evaluation of the risk of bias. Results: A total of 20 RCTs with a total of 1 869 patients were included. Meta-analysis revealed that early gum chewing could shorten the first anal exhaust time [MD=-8.35, 95% CI(-10.46, -6.24), P<0.001], the first defecation time [MD=-9.92, 95% CI (-12.74, -7.10), P<0.001], the first bowel sound time [MD=-4.32, 95% CI (-5.72, -2.91), P<0.001] after laparoscopic surgery. It could also reduce the incidence of postoperative abdominal distension [RR=0.29, 95% CI (0.22, 0.37), P<0.001] and shorten the days of hospital stay [MD= -0.49, 95% CI (-0.82, -0.16), P=0.004]. Conclusion: Early gum chewing can promote the recovery of gastrointestinal function after laparoscopic surgery, reduce the incidence of abdominal distension and shorten the days of hospital stay for patients. However, high-quality RCTs are still greatly needed to demonstrate the effects in the future.

Objective: To describe the current status of career plateau for senior nurses and analyze its influencing factors. Methods: The convenience sampling method was used and nurses with working age≥5 years in 6 tertiary hospitals in Beijing were recruited from September to December 2019 and administered general questionnaire and career plateau survey questionnaire. Results: A total of 2,680 questionnaires were collected. The overall incidence rate of nurse career plateau was 34.0%, the highest incidence rate of hierarchical plateau was 53.8%, the incidence rate of centralized plateau dimension was 36.7%, and the lowest incidence rate was 15.6% on the content plateau dimension. Logistic regression results showed that age, employment nature, working department, professional title, position, whether she/he was a specialist nurse, life satisfaction were the influencing factors of the career plateau. Conclusion: About one third of senior nurses in six tertiary hospitals in Beijing have career plateau. This study provides the basis for multi-dimensional coping strategies, helps to do the nurses' career management in terms of promotion, professional development and life satisfaction according to nurses of different employment nature and departments, and helps to reduce the incidence rate of nurse career plateau.

Objective: To investigate the status of innovation behaviors and information literacy among cardiovascular specialized nurses, and to analyze the influence of information literacy on innovation behaviors. Methods: A total of 298 cardiovascular specialized nurses were investigated using the Information Literacy Questionnaire and the Innovative Behavior Scale. Results: The total score of innovative behavior was 32.00±5.50, and the total score of information literacy was 77.05±8.18. Hierarchical regression showed that after controlling for demographic information, information awareness, information ability and information knowledge in information literacy were significant influencing factors of innovation behaviors, which explained 27.4% of the total variance. Conclusion: The innovative behaviors and information literacy among cardiovascular specialized nurses were at a middle level. The information literacy had a significant impact on innovative behaviors. It is suggested that nursing managers should develop information literacy training programs based on the characteristics of cardiovascular specialized nurses' information literacy and evidence-based practice to improve the innovation level of nurses and the quality of specialized nursing services.

Objective: To explore and verify the mediating effect of emotional intelligence and supportive communication between cultural intelligence and integration-conflict management model from the perspective of doctor-patient cultural communication. Methods: The Emotional Intelligence Scale, Cultural Intelligence Scale, Supportive Communication Scale and Integrated Style Subscale of Rahim Organizational Conflict Inventory were used to investigate 673 clinical nurses. Results: Cultural intelligence directly affects the integration-conflict management model (P<0.001), with the direct effect accounting for 56.25% of the total effect, and it also influences the integration-conflict management model through partial mediation of supportive communication and chain mediation of emotional intelligence and supportive communication, accounting for 29.2% and 14.6% of the total effect, respectively. Conclusion: The nursing management department should pay attention to the cultivation of clinical nurses' cultural intelligence and emotional intelligence, and strengthen the training of supportive communication from the perspective of doctor-patient cultural communication, so as to improve their “integrated” conflict management ability and reduce the conflicts between nurses and patients caused by cultural differences, low emotional intelligence and poor communication.

Objective: To investigate the spiritual care competence of nurses in aged care facilities and analyze related influencing factors. Methods: Convenience sampling was used and totally 185 nurses were investigated with general information questionnaire and the Chinese version of Spiritual Care Ability Scale. Results: The whole average score of spiritual care competence was (2.98±0.45). Among the six dimensions, the "communication ability" dimension got the highest score (3.67±0.73), while the dimension of "ability of professional development and quality improvement" scored lowest (2.38±0.61). Analysis of multivariate linear regression showed educational background, nursing age of aged-care and spiritual care training experience were associated with nurses' spiritual care competence (P<0.01). Conclusion: The spiritual care competence of aged care facilities nurses was in lower middle level. Nursing managers should create more opportunities for nurses to participate in spiritual care training, in order to promote their spiritual care ability, as well as enhancing the quality of elderly care service, and providing reference for enhancing their spiritual care ability.

Objective: To investigate the humanistic caring ability and emotional intelligence of psychiatric nurses and analyze the influencing factors of humanistic caring ability. Method: Totally 289 psychiatric nurses in a mental hospital in Henan province were investigated by general information scale, Caring Ability Inventory and Emotional Intelligence Scale. Results: The psychiatric nurses’ emotional intelligence score was (112.58±12.30), and the humanistic caring ability score was (167.49±18.16). The total score of emotional intelligence was positively correlated with the total score of humanistic caring ability (r=0.466, P<0.001). Regulating self-emotion, emotional utilization and regulating others’ emotions are the influencing factors of the humanistic caring ability of psychiatric nurses. Together with working years and sex, they explained 35.2% of the variability of nurses' humanistic caring ability. Conclusion: The emotional intelligence and humanistic caring ability of psychiatric nurses are at a low level. Nursing managers should improve the emotional intelligence of psychiatric nurses by education and training, so as to create a better humanistic nursing atmosphere.

Objective: To explore the effect of real-time video analysis combined simulation practice for emergency nurses in the rescuing of sudden mass injuries. Methods: Based on the rescuing of sudden mass injuries, a training program combined with real-time video case and simulation practice were implemented in 39 emergency nurses, and the training program included establishing a core team and training groups, selecting and disposing the videos, allocating the training groups, real-time video analysis combined simulation. The ability in treatments with sudden mass injuries and the treatment efficiency were used to evaluate the effects of training. Results: The time for pre-examination, vital signs collection, information collection, the first treatment and specimen collection of patients was shorter (P<0.05), and the ability to care for sudden group injuries of nurses was improved (P<0.05) after training. Conclusion: The training program combined with real-time video analysis and simulation is effective and feasible for emergency nurses in improving the ability of sudden mass injuries rescuing.

Objective: To investigate the professional status and occupational cognition among male nurses in China. Methods: Two nationwide surveys were undertaken in 2015 and 2017, respectively. A self-designed online questionnaire was distributed. Results: The first survey involved 5939 participants from 287 cities while 10676 questionnaires were collected from 312 cities in the second survey. Participants from both surveys were quite young, with the mean age of 26.85±4.06 years old and 27.80±4.46 ears old. The mean years of practice as registered nurses was approximately 4 to 5 years. Most participants worked in tertiary Grade A hospitals located in the first-tier and second-tier cities. The majority of respondents hold a positive cognition toward nursing profession and nurse roles, as the response rate ranged from 40.9% to 94.7% for items indicating positive cognition toward nursing profession and nurse roles. 71.4% to 87.4% respondents perceived gender differences in nursing profession and coped with them positively. Conclusion: This study confirmed the rapid development of male nurses and their critical roles in nursing. More guidance and attention should be paid to this population to optimize the healthy and rapid development of male nurses in China.

Objective: To investigate ambulatory surgery patients' demands for perioperative management mHealth application and analysis this demand between different patients, to provide data support and design suggestions for the construction of perioperative managing mHealth application. Methods: A self-made questionnaire was used to investigate 300 ambulatory surgery patients' preference and difference demand of this mHealth application between June and October in 2018. Results: Ambulatory surgery patients had the highest demands for the function of "online consultation", and patients experiencing different types of surgery had different demands for the follow-up time and health education contents of mHealth application. Patients with different ages (F=8.240, P<0.001), different occupations (F=5.561, P<0.001), different educational backgrounds (F=6.894, P<0.001), different daily usage of mobile phone (F=5.613, P=0.004), different previous usage of mobile health application (F=6.215, P=0.002), different number of downloaded mHealth application (F=4.073, P=0.007) , different types of surgery (F=4.911, P=0.001), have different demand for perioperative management mHealth application. Conclusion: With the coming of 5G era, mobile medicine has become a hot spot and trend in the future development of medical industry. Medical personnel need to keep pace and realize the future development trend and importance of mHealth application prospectively, promoting the combination of information technology and clinical work, and to provide more convenient and high-quality medical services for patients.

Objective: To analyze the effectiveness of SSKIN (Skin assessment, Skin's surface, Keep moving, Incontinence, Nutrition) care bundle on the incidence and healing rate of hospital-acquired pressure injuries. Methods: Nursing interventions of SSKIN care bundle were proposed, which included skin assessment, skin's surface, keep turning, incontinence, and nutrition. The incidence and healing rate of hospital-acquired pressure injuries were recorded and compared between 2018 and 2019. Results: The incidence rate of hospital-acquired pressure injuries was significantly lower in 2019 than that in 2018 (0.24‰ vs. 0.73‰, P<0.05), and the healing rate of hospital-acquired pressure injuries was significantly higher in 2019 than that in 2018 (66.67% vs. 29.09%, P<0.05). Conclusion: SSKIN care bundle is effective to reduce the incidence rate and improve the healing rate of hospital-acquired pressure injuries.

Objective: To explore the effects of developmental feedback management in preventing hospital-acquired pressure injury in resuscitated patients in the emergency department. Methods: Patients admitted to the emergency room in our hospital from January to November 2017 were included in the control group, and patients admitted from January to November 2018 were included in the experimental group. Patients in the control group were with routine management and those in the experimental group were with developmental feedback management. The incidence, severity and area of pressure injury were compared between the two groups. Results: There were 2341 and 2804 patients in control group and intervention group respectively. Compared with the control group, there were a lower incidence of hospital-acquired pressure injury (P=0.002), a lower level of the severity of stress injury (P=0.021), and a smaller area of stress injury (P=0.049) in patients in the intervention group. Conclusion: The developmental feedback management is an effective management way to prevent the incidence of hospital-acquired pressure injury in resuscitated patients in the emergency department.

This article reviewed and summarized the accuracy of clinical indicators in pediatric population for four respiratory system nursing diagnoses, including impaired gas exchange, ineffective airway clearance, ineffective breathing pattern and impaired spontaneous ventilation. In addition, relevant clinical indicators were identified aiming to provide evidences for early, rapid and accurate judgement and recognition of respiratory system nursing diagnoses and a further study direction for development of nursing procedures and diagnoses in China, so as to prevent uncertainty of nursing diagnoses and ensure the safety of children.

This paper summarized the currently available universal and maternal-specific assessment tools for birth trauma and associated secondary mental health problems, including assessment of trauma events, perinatal risk and protective factors, posttraumatic stress disorder and perinatal grief. The results of the review suggested that clinicians should pay attention to the impact of birth trauma on women, and select scientific and accurate assessment tools to identify birth trauma among women during childbirth, therefore address its adverse effects as early as possible and carry out targeted interventions promptly.

Objective: To evaluate the application effects of PICC related venous thrombosis risk assessment tool in cancer patients, to identify the critical value of high risk, and to evaluate the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of the tool. Methods: A prospective study was conducted, and 143 cancer patients were included. Patients were assessed with PICC related venous thrombosis risk assessment tool at the 24th hour after catheterization, and Color doppler ultrasound was performed on the 7th, 14th and 21st day after catheterization, or when patients felt related symptoms. Results: The area under ROC curve of the risk assessment tool was 0.925 (95% CI:0.861-0.988, P<0.001), the best critical valve of it was 6.5, the sensitivity was 91.7%, the specificity was 85.0%, the positive predictive value was 67.4%, and the negative predictive value was 96.9%. The score ranged from 2 to 12, and there were 49 patients with assessment scores above 6.5. The risk of thrombosis for patients with high-risk was 21.102 (RR=21.102, 95% CI: 6.814-65.346) times higher than that for patients with low-risk. Conclusion: PICC related venous thrombosis risk assessment tool has good value in predicting the risk of PICC related venous thrombosis in cancer patients.

This article focused on the nurse's cognition and participation in Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS). From the concept lag, lack of localized consensus and guidance, lack of the multidisciplinary team members communication and collaboration, lack of laws, regulations and management support, the factors influencing nurse's participation in ERAS were analyzed. Clinical nurse's awareness and participation in ERAS need to be improved, and relevant support is needed to promote nurse's better participation in ERAS.

Objective: To investigate the current status of nursing practice of intravenous thrombolytic therapy in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Methods: A two-stage cluster sampling method was adopted. We surveyed nurses who engaged in stroke care in 69 hospitals of 23 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities in China used a self-designed questionnaire on nursing knowledge and practice of intravenous thrombolysis in acute ischemic stroke. Results: A total of 1518 nurses who engaged in intravenous thrombolysis nursing practice participated in this survey. The average age was (30.73±6.42) years old. The survey results showed that the mastery rate of the acute ischemic stroke screening tool-FAST evaluation scale was 54.4%; the awareness rate of the control range of blood glucose and blood pressure before thrombolysis was 50.7% and 28.3%, respectively; the awareness rate of the oxygen standard during thrombolysis was 22.4%; the awareness rate of the practical contents such as nursing care and observation of complications after during and thrombolysis ranged from 27.8% to 53.8%. Conclusion: Nurses' knowledge of intravenous thrombolysis nursing is insufficient. The existing guidelines cannot be accurately transformed and implemented in clinical practice. Nurses still have doubts during the practice of intravenous thrombolysis in acute ischemic stroke. It is urgent for relevant departments to formulate relevant standards as soon as possible to promote the standard practice of intravenous thrombolytic therapy.

This review summarized the applications, development and research of standardized nursing terminology system of International Classification for Nursing Practice in Chinese setting. The paper focused on the introduction, translation, application and development of the terminology system in China. The findings of the review provide implications for developing Chinese version of internationally compatible standardized nursing terminology systems.

This article introduced the practice scope, professional ability requirements, school system and curriculum, assessment and qualification methods, to understand the education system and training mode of dental hygienists in the United States, with a view to providing reference for the training and development of dental hygienists in China.

Nurses' inappropriate behaviors on social media have arisen extensive discussion in China in these years. This article introduces social media use guidelines for nurses from International Nurse Regulatory Collaboration (INRC), National Council of State Boards of Nursing (NCSBN) of the USA, Nursing & Midwifery Council (NMC) of the UK and the Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency (AHPRA). Based on these guidelines and the current situation in China, specific suggestions on nursing ethical regulation have been brought up and discussed, so as to provide reference for social media use of nurses.