Abstract: Objective: To use the evidence to standardize blood culture collection for infants and toddlers with suspected bloodstream infection and assess its clinical effectiveness, in order to promote the translation of evidence into clinical practice. Methods: We selected infants and toddlers with suspected bloodstream infection who met the criteria and 15 nurses involved in the project as subjects. From February to March 2024, 286 patients were in the pre-evidence application group, and from June to July 2024, 165 patients were in the evidence application group. Based on the evidence, we set up clinical audit indicators and used the i-PARIHS framework to analyze implementation barriers and develop strategies for reform. Comparisons were made regarding the execution of audit indicators by nurses before and after the application of the evidence-based protocol, the knowledge level of nurses related to blood culture collection and transportation evidence; the proportion of specimens from collection to loading and incubation and the contamination rate of specimens of infants and toddlers. Results: After applying the evidence, the 15 nurses' knowledge scores on blood culture collection and transportation increased to 90 (80, 90), and the compliance rates of audit indicators rose to 93.9% to 100.0%. The proportion of specimens of infants and toddlers from collection to loading and incubation increased to 93.3%, and the contamination rate dropped to 0, with statistically significant changes (P<0.05). Conclusion: The evidence-based practice project can effectively standardize healthcare providers' practices in blood culture specimen collection, improving the pre-analytical quality of blood culture specimens.

Key words: blood culture; specimen collection; bloodstream infection; infant and toddler; evidence-based practice