关键词: 护理管理者；领导力；潜在剖面分析；影响因素

Abstract: Objective: To explore the potential profiles of nursing manager leadership and analyze its influencing factors, to provide a reference for targeted capacity improvement. Methods: From April to May 2025, 302 nursing managers from 10 hospitals in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region were selected using convenience sampling. The general demographic questionnaire, Multi-factor Leadership Questionnaire, General Self-Efficacy Scale, and Psychological Resilience Sscale were used for data collection. Latent profile analysis was used to identify the categories of nursing manager leadership, and unordered multi-categorical Logistic regression was performed to explore the influencing factors of different leadership categories. Results: Nursing manager leadership was categorized into three categories: the negative-avoidant and low-effectiveness leadership profile (15.23%), the balanced and steady leadership profile (56.29%), and the positive-proactive and high-effectiveness leadership profile (28.48%). Logistic regression analysis showed that psychological resilience, self-efficacy, whether participation in leadership training, and years of working experience were the influencing factors of different leadership categories. Conclusion: Nursing managers' leadership characteristics exhibit heterogeneity. Medical institutions should design stratified intervention strategies based on the characteristics of different profiles and the influencing factors to achieve precision improvement of nursing management effectiveness.

Key words: nursing manager; leadership; latent profile analysis; influencing factor