关键词: 肠造口；痛苦表露；潜在剖面分析；影响因素；护理

Abstract: Objective: To explore the latent profiles of distress disclosure among patients with enterostomy and to analyze its influencing factors, to provide a reference for formulating intervention protocols for patients with enterostomy. Methods: Convenience sampling was used to include 218 colorectal cancer patients with enterostomy for1 month at a tertiary grade A hospital in Xi'an between October 2023 and May 2025. The Distress Disclosure Index, Ostomy Adjustment Inventory-20, and Perceived Social Support Scale were used for evaluation. Latent profile analysis was performed using Mplus 8.3 software, and multiple Logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify influencing factors. Results: Distress disclosure can be divided into three potential profiles: low distress disclosure (18.3%), moderate distress disclosure (61.9%), and high distress disclosure (19.7%). The results of multiple factor analysis showed that social support, stoma adaptation ability, average monthly household income, leakage frequency and stoma time were factors affecting the willingness of distress disclosure (P<0.05). Conclusion: There is significant group heterogeneity in distress disclosure among patients with enterostomy. Personalized intervention measures based on the characteristics of different types of enterostomy patients should be developed to enhance their willingness for distress disclosure and improve their quality of life.

Key words: enterostomy; distress disclosure; latent profile analysis; influencing factor; nursing care