Early screening is important to promote early detection, diagnosis and treatment of cancer so as to reduce the economy burden caused by the disease. Nurses have been increasingly playing a professional role in cancer prevention and early screening. This article reviews the roles and functions of nurses as evaluators, educators, counselors and so on in cancer prevention, detection and early diagnosis, to provide nurses with reference for their professional development, clinical practice and researches in the field of cancer prevention and treatment.

Objective: To explore the obstacles to early screening behavior of high-risk population of breast cancer from the perspective of oncology nurses. Methods: Qualitative and descriptive research methods were adopted. A semi-structured interview was conducted on 14 oncology specialist nurses from september 2022 to March 2023. Data were transcribed and analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Results: The obstacles to early screening at high risk population of breast cancer were summarized into 5 themes: lack of self-early detection literacy of breast cancer; perceived lack of support; accessibility constraints for screening; insufficient screening popularity; inadequate support system. Conclusion: The early screening decision of high risk breast cancer population is affected by individual, interpersonal, organizational, community and policy factors. It is necessary to enhance the early detection literacy of breast cancer among high-risk population. At the same time, we should strengthen the support system based on "family strategy", and provide the targeted external support environment, actively implement the relevant policies to promote the popularization of early screening.

Objective: To investigate the real experience of cancer prevention in healthy people with BRCA gene mutations. Methods: A total of 12 healthy subjects who underwent genetic testing in a tertiary grade A hospital in Shanghai from January 2018 to December 2022 were selected for semi-structured in-depth interviews, and the original data were collated and analyzed by Colaizzi's 7-step analysis method. Results: Three themes were extracted, including psychological remodeling, putting into practice, decision-making conflict. Conclusion: In the process of cancer prevention, healthy people with BRCA gene mutations often experience psychological remodeling. At the same time, they are willing to make behavioral changes. However, decision-making conflicts do occur in the face of some important decisions, which requires full attention of the medical staff. Therefore, more genetic counselors should be trained to help those people in the future.

Objective: To explore the application effects of genetic risk assessment and management model of gastric cancer led by oncology nurses. Methods: From July 2020 to June 2022, the model was led by oncology specialist nurses, combined with gastric cancer medical experts. Genetic risk assessment, genetic testing guidance, gastric cancer risk management and follow-up care were provided. Results: A total of 842 people were screened and 74 people (8.77%) with hereditary gastric cancer risk were enrolled. Totally 15 people (1.78%) underwent genetic testing, and 3 people (0.36%) had cancer susceptibility genes mutation. Gastric cancer risk knowledge scores at the one-month follow-up stage were higher than those at the cancer risk assessment stage and the cancer risk management stage (P<0.05). Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale scores were all in the normal range (P>0.05). The compliance rate of gastric cancer risk management at the six-month follow-up stage was higher than that at the one-month follow-up stage. The overall satisfaction of patients was 98.64%. Conclusion: The genetic risk assessment and management model of gastric cancer led by oncology nurses is beneficial to the improvement of gastric cancer risk knowledge level and the compliance rate of gastric cancer risk management plan without anxiety, depression and other negative psychological effects, which is worthy of clinical promotion.

Objective: To translate the Clance Impostor Phenomenon Scale and test its reliability and validity among hospital nursing managers. Methods: The scale was translated, back-translated, and reviewed by the original author. The Chinese version of the instrument was established after cross-cultural adaptation pre-testing. The reliability and validity of the Chinese version scale were tested among 315 hospital nursing managers recruited by convenience sampling from October 2021 to February 2022. Results: The Chinese version of the Clance Impostor Phenomenon Scale had 8 items. The exploratory factor analysis identified 2 factors of fake and self-denial with a cumulative percentage of variance of 54.5%. The confirmatory factor analysis showed that the modified two-factor model fitted well (χ2/df=2.225, P=0.002, GFI=0.952, AGFI=0.909, CFI=0.959, TLI=0.940, RMSEA=0.077). The total Cronbach's α coefficient of the Chinese version scale was 0.837, and Cronbach's α coefficients for the two factors were 0.847 and 0.701, respectively. The test-retest reliability was 0.914. Conclusion: The Chinese version of the Clance Impostor Phenomenon Scale has good reliability and validity among hospital nursing managers and can be used for the assessment of Impostor Phenomenon.

Objective: To investigate status of knowledge and management on insulin injection among nursing managers in different level hospitals in Beijing. Methods: From July to August 2019, a self-designed insulin injection knowledge and management questionnaire was used to collect data. A total of 508 nursing managers from 28 hospitals at different levels in Beijing participated this survey. Results: The median score of nursing managers' knowledge on insulin injection was 15.00 (12.25, 17.00). The scores from highest to lowest are: good (29.33%), moderate (45.67%) and poor (25.00%). Conclusion: The knowledge level and standardized management of insulin injection of nursing managers from medical institutions at all levels in Beijing need to be further improved, and the training of insulin injection knowledge also need to be strengthened.

Objective: To explore the influence of shared decision-making interventions on patients receiving Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion (ACDF). Methods: Convenient sampling method was used to enroll 128 patients given ACDF in our hospital from August 2018 to July 2019 as the research objects, 64 patients as the experimental group, and 64 patients as the control group. The experimental group was offered shared decision-making interventions on the basis of routine nursing, while the control group received routine nursing. Neck Disability Index (NDI), cervical Axial Syndrom (AS) score, Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score and postoperative improvement rate, hospitalization satisfaction were compared between the two groups at admission, the day before discharge, 3 months, 6 months and 12 months after operation. Results: After the implementation of shared decision-making interventions, significant differences were observed in NDI score, AS score, JOA score and hospitalization satisfaction (P<0.05), while the difference in JOA improvement rate between the two groups was not statistically significant (P>0.05). Conclusion: The implementation of shared decision-making interventions can reduce the degree of cervical dysfunction, relieve the axial symptoms of patients, improve the cervical spine function in the long term to optimize their prognosis, thereby meeting the expectation of medical staff and increasing patients' satisfaction.

Objective: To investigate the nutritional literacy of Maintenance Hemodialysis patients and its influencing factors. Methods: From March to May 2022, 313 Maintenance Hemodialysis patients were selected from the blood purification center of two tertiary grade A hospitals in Fuzhou. They were investigated by demographic data and related factors questionnaire, the Nutritional Literacy Evaluation Scale, the Social Support Scale and the Hope Level Scale. Results: The total score of nutritional literacy in Maintenance Hemodialysis patients was 19.88±4.31, among which the score of behavioral practice ability and information acquisition ability were the lowest. The main influencing factors of nutritional literacy in Maintenance Hemodialysis patients were the residence, education level, self-conscious economic pressure, self-care ability, social support and hope level. Conclusion: The nutritional literacy of Maintenance Hemodialysis patients is at the lower middle level, and the level of behavioral practice ability and information acquisition ability are low, which needs to be further improved. Medical staff should take more targeted measures according to different influencing factors to improve the nutritional literacy of patients.

Objective: To translate the Parenting Stress Scale for Clinical Nurses (PSSCN) into Chinese, and test its reliability and validity. Methods: The author's authorization was obtained by email, and the Chinese version of the PSSCN was developed by translation, back translation and cultural debugging based on the Brislin translation model. The Chinese version of PSSCN was preliminarily tested by pre-investigation and expert letter consultation. A convenience sample of 490 clinical nurses from Wuhan were selected in July 2022 to evaluate the reliability and validity. Results: The Chinese version of PSSCN included 19 items with 4 dimensions, and the cumulative variance contribution rate was 62.692%, the content validity was 0.88-0.96, the calibration correlation validity was 0.622, the Cronbach's α was 0.906, and the retest reliability was 0.888. The results of confirmatory factor analysis showed that all indexes of the model fit well. Conclusion: The Chinese version of PSSCN is with good reliability and validity, and it can be used as an evaluation tool of parenting stress for clinical nurses.

Objective: To investigate the dietary behavior of preschool-aged children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) during hospitalization for chemotherapy and to analyze the influencing factors. Methods: A convenience sampling method was used to select preschool-aged children with ALL who were hospitalized for chemotherapy and their caregivers in two tertiary grade A hospitals in Hangzhou and Wenzhou, Zhejiang province from August, 2021 to January, 2022. The general information questionnaire, Preschooler's Dietary Behavior Scale (PEBS) and the Parental Feeding Style Questionnaire (PFSQ) were applied to collect the data. Results: The total dietary behavior score was 95.39±9.92, and the incidence of dietary behavior problems was 53.7% in preschool-aged children with ALL. The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that age, symptoms of gastrointestinal reactions, education level of caregiver, instrumental feeding and emotional feeding were the influencing factors of dietary behavior problems in children with ALL (P<0.001), explaining a total of 38.3% of the total variance. Conclusion: There is a high incidence of dietary behavior problems in preschool-aged children with ALL during chemotherapy. Clinical nurses should pay more attention to those with 3 to 4 years old, with obvious gastrointestinal symptoms during chemotherapy, and do feeding education and guidance for caregivers who are less educated and use instrumental feeding and emotional feeding styles, to improve the quality of nutritional care and promote the recovery of children.

Objective: To translate the Breast Cancer Related Lymphedema Self-care Scale (BCRLSS) into Chinese and evaluate its psychometric characteristics in patients with Breast Cancer Related Lymphedema (BCRL). Methods: The BCRLSS was translated into Chinese using translation guidelines from the Beaton. A forward-backward translation and cultural adaption process between the original language (English) and the target language (Chinese) were performed. Psychometric properties of the final Chinese version of BCRLSS were verified in 244 participants with BCRL. Results: The CR value of most items were higher than 3.00, and the correlation coefficients were higher than 0.30. Validity analysis showed that the average content validity index of the scale was 0.99. The confirmative factor analysis showed that model yielded a reasonable fit:χ2/df=2.895, RMSEA=0.088. Cronbach's alpha coefficient for internal consistency was 0.853. Intraclass correlation coefficient for test-retest reliability of total score was 0.988. Conclusion: The Chinese version of BCRLSS has good validity and reliability, which can be used as an evaluation tool for self-care practice of patients with BCRL in China.

Objective: To explore the current status and influencing factors of relocation stress in family members of patients with Severe Traumatic Brain Injury in the early stage transferred out of ICU. Methods: From November 2021 to August 2022, convenience sampling was used to select 155 family members of patients with Severe Traumatic Brain Injury transferred out of ICU in three general hospitals in Shanghai. The general information questionnaire of patients and their family members, Family Relocation Stress Syndrome Scale, Social Support Rating Scale, Family Caregiver Task Inventory, and Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire were used for the survey. Results: The total score of relocation stress was 60.66±1.64. Family members' gender, family members' educational level, family members' visits to ICU, social support and positive coping were the main influencing factors of relocation stress in ICU patients with Severe Traumatic Brain Injury (P<0.05), which together explained 71.6% of the total variation. Conclusion: The relocation stress of family members of patients with Severe Traumatic Brain Injury is at the medium upper level. Medical professionals should assess the psychological status and needs of family members in the early stage of ICU transfer, and formulate personalized interventions according to the influencing factors, so as to prevent the occurrence of relocation stress of family members.

Objective: To evaluate and integrate evidence related to chronic wound biofilm identification and management, and to summarize the evidences. Methods: The websites of clinical decision-making guidelines, websites of professional association, evidence-based literature resources, and literature databases were searched from inception to July 15th, 2022, to collect relevant clinical decisions, guidelines, expert consensus, systematic reviews, evidence summaries and meta-analysis on the identification and management of chronic wound biofilm. The quality of the retrieved literature was evaluated, and the evidences was extracted and summarized according to the topic. Results: A total of 6 literature were included with 1 guideline, 2 expert consensuses and 3 evidence summaries. The evidence was summarized in 5 topics with identification of early symptoms or signs, wound cleaning, wound debridement, topical antimicrobial therapy, and comprehensive management. Conclusion: The evidence summarized in this study can provide decision supports for the clinical practice of medical staff. In the future, localized intervention programs and processes are expected to promote the translation and application of the evidence.

Objective: To investigate the status quo of nurses' knowledge of Skin Tears in tertiary grade A hospitals and analyze the influencing factors. Methods: Totally 4274 nurses from 133 tertiary grade A hospitals in 22 provinces were recruited using convenient sampling, using general data questionnaire and the Chinese version of Skin Tear Knowledge Assessment Instrument. Results: The average score of nurses' knowledge of Skin Tears was 10.42±3.21, and the percentage of the correct responses above 60% cut point was 39.8%. The multiple linear regression analysis showed that gender, education background, professional title, department, certified wound, ostomy, and continence nurses, care competence of Skin Tears, wound training experience and the need for a specialized training in Skin Tears were the influencing factors of nurses' knowledge of Skin Tears (P<0.05). Conclusion: The nurses' knowledge of Skin Tears is in the middle and low level. To improve their knowledge and skill of Skin Tears, a professional and multi-dimensional curriculum and the evidence-based nursing procedures should be developed, and the nurses should be standardized trained based on their characteristics and individual learning needs.

This paper expounds the related concepts of nursing cost, nursing benefit and nursing cost-benefit management, the methods of cost accounting in the outpatient department of wound stoma nursing, summarizes the research status at home and abroad, analyzes the current challenges and puts forward suggestions, in order to provide theoretical guidance for the construction of high-quality wound stoma nursing outpatient service.

Transition shock for newly graduated nurses is a disturbing experience resulting from a gap between theory and practice. The high transition shock of newly graduated nurses will lead to an increase in their turnover rate, a decline in job satisfaction and quality of work life, and even affect patient safety. This article reviews the theoretical basis, assessment tools, influencing factors, and intervention measures of transition shock of newly graduated nurses. We aim to improve the attention of nursing managers to the transition shock of newly graduated nurses, help them better train and retain nursing talents, and provide references and suggestions for future research in related fields.

Objective: To develop the evaluation standards of senior nursing title in Jiangsu province based on practical ability performance, and to provide examples for the implementation of relevant guidance. Methods: We used literature review, semi-structured interview, expert meeting, Delphi method and analytic hierarchy process to establish the evaluation standards of senior nursing title and the weight of each index. Results: The valid questionnaire recovery rates of the three rounds of consultation were 100.0%, 96.7% and 96.6%, respectively. The expert authority coefficients were 0.860, 0.864 and 0.879. The Kendall harmony coefficients were 0.216-0.317, 0.161-0.297 and 0.191-0.267 (P<0.01). The final evaluation criteria for senior nursing titles included 4 first-level indicators, 9 second-level indicators and 27 third-level indicators. Conclusion: The evaluation standards of senior nursing title is scientific and objective, oriented to practical ability performance, in line with the characteristics of the nursing profession and the law of talent growth, which can guide nurses to take root in the clinic, improve their professional level, provide more and better services, and promote the high-quality development of nursing.

Objective: To construct a support strategy for the second victim of nurses when restoring the process of patient safety incidents. Methods: Guided by the theory of social support, the semi-structured interview method and questionnaire survey method were used to clarify the feelings and needs of nurses when restoring the event after the patient safety incident, and the special group discussion method was used to form a pool of support strategies for the second victim during the restoration process. The Delphi method was used to conduct two rounds of correspondence with 16 experts to provide opinions and suggestions from different levels and perspectives. Results: The study formed a support strategy for the second victim of nurses during the restoration process after a patient safety event (referred to as "EAERI support strategy for restoration events"), including 5 support items, 11 support contents and 32 support methods. The recovery rates of the effective questionnaires for the two rounds of expert correspondence were 90.0% and 88.9% respectively, and the expert authority levels were 0.88 and 0.94 respectively. The Kendall harmony coefficients of experts were 0.13 and 0.26 respectively (P<0.01). Conclusion: The formation process of EAERI support strategy is scientific and normative, which can be used as a tool for nursing managers to support the second victim when restoring the incident.

Objective: To develop the contents of nursing interruptions management training for clinical nurses. Methods: Based on the Knowledge-Attitude-Practice model, the "Module-Sub-module-Unit" training contents were determined through literature review, theoretical analysis, and semi-structured interviews. Twelve experts were invited to revise the contents to form a final version of the training contents. Results: The recovery rates of two-round of expert consultations were 100%. The expert authority coefficient was 0.834, and the mean importance score of all levels of indicators was 4.17 to 5.00. The Kendall coordination coefficients were 0.259 and 0.254, respectively. The final training contents of nursing interruptions management consisted of 3 training modules including knowledge of nursing interruptions management, attitude of nursing interruptions management, and skills of nursing interruptions management, 11 sub-modules, and 43 units. Conclusion: The training contents of nursing interruptions management for clinical nurses based on the Knowledge-Attitude-Practice model are reliable, systematic, and applicable. They can provide a practical basis for the implementation of nursing interruptions management training in China.

Objective: To analyze and evaluate the barriers of nurses' participation in end-of-life decision-making for patients in the end-stage, so as to provide a reference for improving end-of-life decision-making mode. Methods: PubMed, Web of Science, PsycINFO, The Cochrane Library, Embase, Medline, CBM, CNKI, Wanfang and VIP databases were searched for qualitative studies on the influencing factors of nurses' participation in patients' end-of-life decision-making from the establishment of the database to September 2022. The quality of literature was evaluated by the qualitative research quality evaluation criteria of Australian JBI Evidence-based Health Care Center, and the results were integrated by the pooled integration method. Results: A total of 10 literatures were included, 26 research results were extracted, 7 categories were formed, and 3 integrated results, including end-of-life decision-making ability, cognition and attitude, medical environment were synthesized. Conclusion: There are many factors that prevent nurses from participating in end-of-life decision-making. It is suggested to adopt various decision-making in time, provide medical supports and humanistic care, help nurses improve their ability and confidence in decision-making, and provide a reliable basis for promoting the development of end-of-life service system in China.

Objective: To systematically integrate the experience of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) patients participating in pulmonary rehabilitation, and to provide an evidence-based basis for improving the participation and compliance of pulmonary rehabilitation. Methods: Qualitative studies on pulmonary rehabilitation experience of COPD patients published by June 2022 were searched in English and Chinese databases. The quality of included studies were evaluated with Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Tool for qualitative studies. Results: A total of 13 eligible studies were included, 47 research findings were extracted, and grouped into 6 new categories and further synthesized 2 integrated themes: the positive impact of pulmonary rehabilitation on patients, factors influencing patients participation in pulmonary rehabilitation. Conclusion: Medical staff should pay attention to the influencing factors of COPD patients' participation in pulmonary rehabilitation, optimize pulmonary rehabilitation program based on the expectations of patients, and improve patients' treatment participation and compliance.

Objective: To systematically integrate the disease experience of patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS), employing Meta-synthesis method to provide scientific basis for improving patients' life quality. Methods: Qualitative studies on the experience of patients with AS were searched from databases establishment to April 26th, 2022. The articles were retrieved then assessed using the Australian JBI Evidence-based Health Care Centre quality assessment criteria and the results were analyzed and integrated. Results: In the end, 7 articles were enrolled with 22 original topics being extracted to form 9 new categories which were integrated into 3 overall results, including patients' perception of disease, patients' coping with disease, patients' desire for support and understanding. Conclusion: Since AS patients often undergo complex physiological and psychological experience, nursing staff and families are supposed to pay more attention to the changes in patients' perception of disease and their corresponding coping strategies, and provide thorough support and understanding to encourage them to establish healthy behaviors to promote their recovery.

Objective: To establish an "internet+" health education management mode based on mobile APP in lung cancer patients at day surgery ward in perioperative period. Methods: A total of 2885 patients with lung cancer who received thoracoscopic radical resection from a tertiary grade A hospital in Hangzhou were enrolled by convenience sampling from February to September 2022. Among them, 1324 patients from February to May 2022 were selected as control group with receiving the health education in routine way, and 1561 patients from June to September 2022 were selected as observation group with receiving the health education provided by APP. Patients' satisfaction, awareness rate of health education, cancellation rate of same-day operation and hospitalization were compared. Results: Cancellation rate of same-day operation of observation group was lower than that of control group (P<0.05). There were no statistically significant difference in patients' satisfaction, awareness rate of health education and hospitalzation cancellation rate between the two groups. Conclusion: "Internet+" health education mode for lung cancer patients at day surgery ward can benefits patients by providing comprehensive accurate health education from pre-admission to post-discharge.

The application of mobile health(mHealth) in nursing care of chronic airway diseases is more and more extensive. This article reviews the application forms, influences and limitations of mHealth in compliance management of chronic airway diseases, in order to provide reference for the application of mobile health in inhalation therapy management, thereby improving the compliance of patients and achieving the purpose of disease control.

Objective: To improve the relevant procedures through the application of best evidence for prevention of exposed keratitis in patients with severe neurological diseases and to evaluate the effects of evidence application. Methods: The best evidence that prevented exposed keratitis in patients from severe neurological diseases application strategy was developed and implemented through baseline review and evaluation of clinical scenarios and barriers of evidence application, and various variables of patients, and knowledge, trust and practue level of medical staff before and after the evidence application. Results: After two rounds review, the level of knowledge, attitude, and practice of medical staff on evidence-based prevention of exposed keratitis in patients with severe neurological disease was significantly improved (all P<0.05). The compliance of using 7 pieces of evidence was improved (all P<0.05). The incidence of exposed keratitis in patients with severe neurological disease was decreased (P=0.002). Conclusion: The best evidence for the prevention of exposed keratitis in patients with severe nerve disease can be applied to clinical practice. The evidence application can standardize the evidence-based nursing behavior of medical professionals, improve their compliance with evidence and the level of knowledge, attitudes and behaviors, and reduce the incidence of exposed keratitis in patients with severe nerve disease.

Objective: To construct an objective and scientific evaluation index system for risk factors of cleaning, disinfection and sterilization of precision instruments in the Central Sterile Supply Department (CSSD). Methods: Based on the risk management theory, a evaluation index system for risk factors of cleaning, disinfection and sterilization of precision instruments in CSSD was developed through mainly literature analysis, and semi-structured interviews. Two rounds of expert consultation with 20 experts were conducted from July to August 2022 using the Delphi method to establish the index system. Results: The effective recovery rate of the 2-round Delphi consultation questionnaire was 100.00%. Expert authority coefficient values were 0.94 on both rounds. Kendall's harmony coefficients were 0.258 and 0.207 (P<0.001). The final index system included 6 primary indicators and 42 secondary indicators. Conclusion: The evaluation index system for risk factors of cleaning, disinfection and sterilization of precision instruments in CSSD is highly reliable and scientific and can provide a reference basis for the formulation and implementation of countermeasures against the risk factors of cleaning, disinfection and sterilization of precision instruments in CSSD.

Sexual dysfunction is one of the complications faced by patients with Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (HSCT), which seriously affects the quality of life of patients. This article reviews the current status and the influencing factors of sexual life in HSCT patients, in order to improve the attention of clinical medical staff to the quality of sexual life of HSCT patients and provide reference for related research in the future.

Failure to establish lactation is not conducive to maintaining lactation volume, leading to premature cessation of pure breastfeeding in parturients. This article reviews the related concepts, evaluation methods, influencing factors and intervention strategies of lactation establishment, aiming at providing references for clinical medical staff to formulate corresponding intervention measures, and to promote the establishment of parturient lactation.

Phase of Care Mortality Analysis is a nursing quality improvement tool for cardiac surgery, which can help analyzing the root cause of death within 30 days after surgery. This article introduces the tools and methods for Phase of Care Mortality Analysis, and summarized the current clinical applications and analysis results abroad. This article introduces the clinical application and analysis results abroad. The article is hoped to provide reference for the postoperative mortality analysis of cardiac surgery patients in China, and to promote perioperative nursing management optimization and quality improvement.

Hematological Malignancy is a group of neoplastic diseases with a high degree of malignancy and a poor prognosis. Based on the literature review, this paper summarizes the influencing factors and assessment tools of family resilience in patients with Hematological Malignancy and their family caregivers, and introduces interventions such as the FOCUS program, empowerment education, family narrative, and resiliency skills training programs. It aims to promote relevant research on family resilience in Hematological Malignancy in China, and provide references to develop family psychological support education interventions.