This article analyzes the policy progress of violence control in Chinese hospital, summarizes the counter-measures adopted by international society. Based on international experience the policies and resolutions for prevention and control of workplace violence from perspective of hospital in China are proposed.

The paper provides an overview of the latest development of international labour standard as relevant to violence and harassment in the world of work. By summarizing the best practices and/or promising policy measures preventing and controlling workplace violence and harassment, the paper made a reference for future legislation and governance process in this area in China.

Workplace violence in hospitals has been frequent in recent years, causing widespread concern in the medical community. To ensure the safety of medical staff, the Shenzhen Hospital of Hong Kong University has established a system and process for coordinated management of workplace violence through continuous exploration and practice. This study elaborates on the establishment of anti-violence management mode and system, facilities and equipment investment, multi-department coordination and training, in order to provide peers with an anti-violence management model to further enhance the violence prevention ability of medical staff.

This paper summarizes the concept, characteristics and existence patterns of medical staff's violent emergencies, and then summarizes the principles, reporting procedures, and emergency treatment procedures after the occurrence of medical staff violent emergencies. It is recommended to strengthen communication between doctors and patients, and implement high-risk notification, thereby reducing the incidence of violent emergencies.

Objective: To explore the rea1 experience of pediatric nurses serving as the second victims in nursing adverse events and provide reference for the further development of organizational support program in hospitals. Methods: A semi-structured interview was used to interview 17 pediatric nurses who experienced nursing adverse events in our hospital. The data was analyzed with the phenomenology methodology. Results: Two themes were extracted, nurses experienced negative disturbed emotions and lacking effective coping strategies in the tough time. Conclusion: Facing the nursing adverse events, the organization should change their strategies from criticizing the second victims to supporting them. Developing supportive program, non-punitive culture and healthy working environment to help nurses get rid of negative emotions as soon as possible, to minimize the harm to nurses, and to ensure the optimal outcome of pediatric patients.

In order to satisfy the health care needs for aging and chronic diseases patients in China, home care services have been conducted gradually and the "Internet +" nurses sharing platform also has emerged. However, the safety of nurses is a very important problem in home care. The author discusses the workplace violence prevention of home care among community nurses in Hong Kong from five aspects: government attention, safety training, hierarchical inspection, provision of preventive supplies, security team support and improvement of professional quality. It provides a reference basis for the establishment of the workplace violence prevention system of home care in mainland China.

Objective: To investigate parents' participating in the safety of surgical hospitalized children and to analyze the influencing factors. Methods: A total of 685 parents of children in surgical departments were surveyed with the scale of parents participating in the safety of surgical hospitalized children and general information questionnaire. Results: The score of parents' participation in children's safety was 89.18±8.48. The score of parents' attitude to participate in the safety of children was 92.92±7.98, the score of active inquiry about the diagnosis and treatment was 92.51±9.81, the score of be informed of diagnosis and treatment was 85.64±11.84. Logistic regression analysis showed that the children gender was the influencing factor of parents' participation in the safety of children (OR=0.605, P=0.029), the duration of illness (OR=1.136, P=0.132) and monthly family income (OR=1.027, P=0.830) were not the influencing factor. Conclusion: Parents were with strong tendency to participate in the safety and active inquiry about the diagnosis and treatment of hospitalized children. Children gender has certain influence on parents' participation in children's safety, while length of illness and family monthly income had no influence on it.

Objective: To compare the ability and efficacy of FRAIL-NH Scale and Tilburg Frailty Indicator (TFI) in assessment of frailty in institutional older adults so as to provide guidance for the practice and research on frailty in pension institutions. Methods: A total of 302 older adults in six pension institutions from Changsha were recruited by convenience sampling. Frailty was assessed by the Frailty Index (FI), FRAIL-NH Scale and TFI. General information was collected by a self-designed general information questionnaire. Results: Taking FI as the reference, the areas under the ROC curve for FRAIL-NH and TFI were 0.861 and 0.776 respectively, the difference of area under ROC curve between FRAIL-NH and TFI was 0.085 (Z=3.455, P<0.001). The cut off points for FRAIL-NH and TFI in classifying non-frailty and frailty were 1.5 and 4.5, respectively. The cross-validation accuracy of them were 70.9% and 71.9%, respectively. The prevalence of frailty was 66.6%, 69.5% and 68.5% by the assessment of FI, FRAIL-NH and TFI, respectively. Conclusion: Compared with TFI, FRAIL-NH is more appropriate for the frailty assessment among institutional older adults.

Objective: To describe and analysis the current status and influencing factors of the pleasant events in patients with moderate and severe dementia. Methods: Totally 157 patients with moderate and severe dementia and their caregivers were investigated using instruments including the Pleasant Events Schedule-AD (PES-AD), Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS), Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire (SCSQ) and Caregiver Reaction Assessment (CRA). Result: The overall score of PES-AD was 18.0±8.80. The dimension score from low to high were autonomy activities 0.84±0.67, family avtivities 0.92±0.67, sensory stimulation activities 1.09±0.57, emotional stimulation activities 1.15±0.68. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the type and severity of dementia, depression of caregivers, economic problems and self-esteem dimension were main influencing factors (P<0.01), which could explain 49.3% variation of PES-AD. Conclusion: The score of autonomy activities was the lowest, followed by family activities, and the score of emotional stimulation activities was the highest. Medical staff should pay attention to these influencing factors and take relevant measures to further improve the score of PES-AD.

Objective: To describe and analyze the home-care experience of COPD patients' family members through Meta-integration. Methods: Databases such as The Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMbase, Web of Science, CINAHL, CBM, CNKI, VIP and WanFang were retrieved and all qualified qualitative studies were included. Meta integration was used to analyze and integrate the data achieved. Results: A total of 15 articles were included and 2 main points were obtained. On the one hand, though under heavy pressure and burden in the process of care, the family members with their confidence and sense of responsibility for care increasing were able to actively cope with and invest in the care as time went by. On the other hand, those caregivers were in pressing need of social support and help due to a lack of knowledge and care experience. Conclusion: Family caregivers play a crucial role in the care of COPD patients. Therefore, more attention should be attached to the family caregivers of COPD patients while focusing on the patients and the disease itself, so as to provide better and positive health guidance for patients and make them an important part of the patients' medical care team.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of Cryo/Cuff on swelling and inflammatory reaction and safety for patients after Total Knee Arthroplasty. Methods: Totally 100 patients were randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group. In the experimental group, Cryo/Cuff was immediately used for 3h after surgery, and for 1h from POD1 to POD7 each morning and afternoon. In the control group, sham Cryo/Cuff was used at the same time. Swelling, inflammatory reaction and deep vein thrombosis (DVT) were compared between the two groups. Frostbite was calculated in the experimental group. Results: Knee girth and NEUT% of the experiment group were significantly smaller than those of the control group on POD1 and POD4 (P<0.05). The comparison of DVT between the two groups showed no significant difference (P>0.05). No frostbite occurred in the experimental group. Conclusion: As an effective and safe treatment, Cryo/Cuff can effectively reduce swelling and inflammatory reaction for Total Knee Arthroplasty patients, which is conducive to the early rehabilitation of patients.

Objective: To investigate the current status and the relationship between kinesiophobia, social support, pain and oral health-related quality of life among patients with Temporomandibular Disorders, and to provide evidence for nursing staff to conduct health guidance and nursing intervention. Methods: Totally 117 patients with Temporomandibular Disorders were investigated using Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia for Temporomandibular Disorders (TSK-TMD), Social Support and Pain Questionnaire (SPQ), and Oral Health Impact Profile for TMDs (OHIP-TMDs). Results: TSK-TMD score was (37.85±5.93), SPQ score was (10.46±4.72), OHIP-TMDs score was (53.79±16.01). The total score of TSK-TMD, gender, unilateral chewing, night molars or clenched teeth, chewing hard objects entered into the regression equation. Conclusion: Nursing staff should timely assess kinesiophobia, social support and pain, and oral health-related quality of life among patients with Temporomandibular Disorders, meet the needs of patients, implement necessary nursing interventions, reduce negative emotions, and thus improve the oral health-related quality of life.

Objective: To investigate the defecation function training compliance of colorectal cancer patients after colostomy, and to explore its influencing factors. Methods: A convenience sample of 210 colorectal cancer patients after colostomy was recruited, and the basic information questionnaire, Defecation Function Training Compliance Scale for colorectal cancer patients after colostomy, Revised Illness Perception Questionnaire, Social Support Revalued Scale and Stoma Self-efficacy Scale were used to collected data. Results: The score of the compliance of defecation function training was at low and middle level (64.23±4.74). Multiple linear regression indicated that monthly family income, colostomy type, stoma self-acceptability, social supports, self-care efficacy and emotional state were the influencing factors. Conclusion: The level of defecation function training compliance of patients need to be further improved. Patient's defecation function training after discharge needs more attention. Further measures need to be taken to improve the cognition, self-efficacy and self-acceptability of colostomy of patients, and to improve their defecation funetion tranining compliance.

Objective: To investigate the current status of Anticipatory Grief among major family caregivers of patients with advanced cancer and to explore its influencing factors. Methods: Totally 164 primary family caregivers of patients with advanced cancer were investigated by general information questionnaire, Anticipatory Grief Scale (AGS) and the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC). Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the main influencing factors of Anticipatory Grief among primary family caregivers of patients with advanced cancer. Results: The mean score of Anticipatory Grief Scale was (83.46±16.00). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that age, gender, educational background, relationship with patients, time of knowing disease, illness condition and mental resilience were the main factors (P<0.05). Conclusion: The primary family caregivers of patients with advanced cancer have serious Anticipatory Grief. The medical staff should pay attention to the mental status of the caregivers and take effective measures to promote their physical and mental health.

Objective: To investigate moral distress among nurses in a tertiary geriatric hospital in Beijing and explore the influencing factors, and to provide reference for nursing managers to adopt targeted interventions for moral dilemma. Methods: A convenience sample of 291 nurses from clinical departments in a tertiary geriatric hospital in Beijing were investigated with the Chinese version Moral Distress Scale-revised (MDS). Results: The total score of MDS was 30.00 (13.00, 56.00), and the scores of moral distress frequency and moral distress intensity were 0.87±0.63 and 0.82±0.49, respectively, which meant a lower level of nurses' moral distress. Professional title, nurses' job satisfaction, the meaning and value of job, and job-related well-being were significantly correlated with nurses' moral distress (P<0.05). Conclusion: Nurses in geriatric hospital perceived a lower level of moral distress. Communicating with nurses timely, knowing nurses' moral dilemmas in their daily work, better allocation of nursing human resource and changing education concept to cultivate practical nurse with legal knowledge and ethical consciousness are benefit to reduce nurses' moral dilemmas.

Objective: To explore the application and effects of the standardized SBAR (Situation-Background-Assessment-Recommendation) communication mode in the bedside teaching for nursing students. Methods: A total of 94 undergraduate nursing students in 2015 grade were assigned into the control group (n=48) and the experimental group (n=46). Regular bedside teaching was applied to the control group, and SBAR communication mode was used on the base of regular teaching mode for the experimental group. Clarity of communication questionnaire and bedside teaching effect questionnaire were used to compare the effects after the intervention. Results: There was statistic difference in clarity of communication between the two groups (P<0.05). For the evaluation of teaching effects, there was statistic difference in nursing assessment ability, community skills, ability to analyze and solve problems, and grasping the key points in case report (P<0.05). Conclusion: The SBAR communication mode in nursing bedside teaching is benefit to improve the quality of communication, the students' communication ability and problem analyzing and solving ability. The nursing students' ability in making suggestions in SBAR communication mode should be further improved.

Objective: To investigate the current status of spiritual care ability of nursing interns, for providing reference for enhancing their spiritual care ability. Methods: Totally 380 nursing interns of a grade A tertiary hospital in Changsha were investigate with general information questionnaire and the Chinese version of Spiritual Care Ability Scale (SCCS). Results: The score of spiritual care ability was (76.33±14.24), with a large promotion space. Among the six dimentions, communication ability (4.22±0.79) got the highest score, while referral to professions (3.09±0.97) got the lowest score. Conclusion: The spiritual care ability of nursing interns needs to be improved. Nursing educators and managers should give correct guidance, carry out spiritual care education and explore the spiritual care patterns with Chinese characteristics, in order to promote spiritual care ability of nursing students.

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of turnover invention and to explore its influencing factors among nurses in tertiary grade A hospitals in Wuhan, and to provide evidence for targeted intervention to decrease nurse turnover. Methods: A clustered sample of 1 667 nurses were recruited from 6 tertiary grade A hospitals in Wuhan and completed the Chinese Nurse Job Stressors Questionnaire, Compassion Satisfaction Questionnaire and intention to leave profession. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze main influencing factors of turnover intention. Results: About 47.3% of the nurses intended to leave their profession in the past six months. Nurses aged 26 to 35 are more likely to leave their jobs than nurses of other ages. Compared with nurses with master's degree or above, associate college and bachelor nurses are more likely to have a leaving intention. Surgical, gynecology, pediatric nurses are more likely to have a willingness to leave than nurses in other units. Nurses with high level job stress and low compassion satisfaction were prone to have the intention to leave the profession. Conclusion: Nurses in Wuhan have a higher turnover invention, specially nurses with associate college and undergraduate degree, working in surgery, gynecology and pediatrics departments. Job stress and compassion satisfaction are significantly related to turnover intention. Nursing managers should pay more attention to internal and external characteristics, job stress and compassion satisfaction among nurses to decrease nurse' turnover intention.

Objective: To explore the current status and its influencing factors of midwives' core competence in Sichuan province, and to provide basic data for the formulation of midwives' targeted training program. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 200 midwives from 15 hospitals in Sichuan province by Midwife Core Competency Scale. Results: The mean score of core midwifery competency was 4.08 ± 0.78. The competencies of intrapartum care and competencies of progestational care were good, while the public health care and antenatal care were weak. Multivariate regression analysis showed that the duration of midwifery practice and participation in teaching or not were influencing factors of core midwifery competency (P<0.01) . Conclusion: The overall midwifery competency among Sichuan province midwives are good, but some areas still need to be improved. Proper interventions and policy support need to be achieved to improve Chinese midwifery education and regulation system and to facilitate the enhancement of Chinese midwives' core competencies.

This paper introduces the concept, assessment tools and status of nurses' organizational silence, as well as analyzes its causes and consequences. In order to prevent the occurrence of silent behavior, and to provide references for nursing managers to carry out relevant intervention research in the future.

Objective: To establish a specialist nursing team in stroke unit, to train nurses in specialties, and to observe its effect on stroke patients. Methods: The stroke specialist training team construction plan was formulated, the personnel training category was determined, and the domestic frontier training plus in-hospital training method was adopted to train the nurses to cultivate the comprehensive ability and special skills of the nurses. Results: Through five years of training, significant changes had taken place in nursing team in terms of academic structure, professional title structure, and professional qualification certification. For indicators for evaluation of treatment outcomes of stroke patients, there were significant differences in average hospitalization days, average cost, stroke green channel treatment rate, the incidence of nursing complications and the rate of readmission. The indicators in 2017 were better than those in 2012 (P<0.05); and there were significant differences in the compliance rate of the specialist assessment of stroke patients, rehabilitation training, psychological nursing, health education, nutrition management, follow-up management. In 2017, the indicators were better than those in 2012 (P<0.05). What's more, a series of stroke nursing standards were formed, and many academic research results were achieved. Conclusion: The construction of the stroke nursing team can improve the nurses' ability in providing high-quality nursing services for patients, which help achieve the goal of mutual promotion of nursing education and research.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of modified Early Warning Score Table on in-hospital transfer of critically ill newborns. Methods: Historically controlled study method was performed. Totally 60 newborns were included in the control group from July to December 2017, while 60 newborns were included in the test group from January to June 2018. The control group was transferred with existing methods, and the test group were transferred with new methods based on the results of the modified Early Warning Score Table. Results: The transit time of the experimental group was shorter than that of the control group. The incidence of adverse events and neonatal adverse outcomes were lower than that of the control group, and the differences were statistically significant respectively (P<0.05). Conclusion: The modified Early Warning Score Table is used to guide the in-hospital transfer of critically ill newborns, shortening the transit time, reducing the occurrence of adverse events, ensuring the safety of critically ill newborns and improving the outcome of neonates.

Objective: To study the influence of peer education based on WeChat group on uncertainty in illness of patients with breast cancer accepting chemotherapy. Methods: Patients with breast cancer accepting first chemotherapy from general surgery of People's Hospital of Daxing District from August 2016 to December 2017 were divided into experimental group and control group according to admission time. 52 patients from control group received routine health education, while 50 patients from experimental group received routine health education and peer education based on WeChat group from first chemotherapy to third Chemotherapy. Chinese version of Mishel Uncertainty in Illness Scale (MUIS) was used to evaluate the difference of uncertainty in illness between the two groups before and after intervention. Results: There was no statistical difference between the MUIS scores of the two groups before intervention (P>0.05). After accepting peer education based on WeChat group, the score of MUIS in experimental group was significantly lower than control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: WeChat based peer education is useful in helping reduce the uncertainty in illness of patients with breast cancer accepting chemotherapy.

This article reviews the current application status, development prospects and problems of mobile health interventions based on smart phone application, network platform and Wechat public platform in the self-management of female patients with Stress Urinary Incontinence, in order to provide references for the application and promotion of mobile medical treatment in disease rehabilitation and management of female patients with Stress Urinary Incontinence in China.

To standardize the management of breast cancer patients, a rehabilitation clinic for breast cancer survivors was established in July 2018 and managed by a medical team composed of a surgeon and a nurse as breast cancer case manager. The surgeon was in charge of diagnosis and treatment while the nurse focused on rehabilitation records, limb dysfunction and lymphedema treatment and health education. For patients with limb dysfunction, the nurse was responsible for the assessment of shoulder joint mobility and individualized guidance of limb rehabilitation. The nurse as case manager also qualified as lymphedema therapist, who can evaluate the lymphedema status and implement comprehensive treatment. In 6 months, twenty-two patients with limb dysfunction were intervened, and showed significant improvement in the flexion and abduction of shoulder (P<0.05). Thirty-one patients with lymphedema were treated for 309 times totally, and the diameter of the affected arm and the unaffected arm were significantly decreased respectively (P<0.05). The rehabilitation clinic can carry out the comprehensive management of the breast cancer patients. The nurses as case managers play an important role during the whole process management of breast cancer patients.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of safety management and rehabilitation management of patients with hemophiliac osteoarthrosis. Methods: Totally 152 patients with hemophilic osteoarthrosis for knee replacement were included. Patients enrolled from 2013 to 2014 were included in the control group, while patients enrolled from 2015 to 2016 were included in the experiment group. The patients in the experiment group received safety management and rehabilitation management. The control group received nursing care from patients with conventional knee arthroplasty. The bleeding incidence, HSS score and knee range were compared between the two groups. Results: The incidence of postoperative bleeding in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). The HSS score of the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). The knee joint activity of the experimental group (90.93±6.21) was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: The safety management and rehabilitation management of hemophiliac osteoarthrosis patients can enhance the safety of patients, reduce the incidence of bleeding and improve the knee function of patients.

Objectives: To develop a General Anesthesia Prone Position Surgical Checklist (GAPPSC) for circulating nurses and evaluate its effectiveness. Methods: The GAPPSC were established according to the WHO model using evidence-based methods. Through analysis of literature reviews and evidence evaluation, the draft checklist was designed. Then 10 experts of relative areas to operating room care were consulted by mails for two rounds using Delphi method about the second edition of GAPPSC. The final edition of GAPPSC was developed after a field test. Later a pilot test was launched to test its effectiveness. The formal study was conducted between May and October 2017 to finally compare the data collected before and after the application of the checklist. Results: A checklist with 22 necessary items to be checked at 4 pause points was developed.The study showed a significant 22.73% of increase in the total implementation rate of the 22 items on the checklist after its implementation. Besides, the implementation rates of 10 items of the checklist also increased significantly (P<0.05). Conclusion: The GAPPSC transferred from 10 clinical practice guidelines is a useful tool for increasing the delivery of essential nursing practices for patients after general anesthesia in the prone position. Meanwhile, it can also help circulating nurses to provide safe, standardized and evidence-based nursing practices and consequently improve patient safety, which indicates that GAPPSC is a practical tool to help facilitate basic nursing practices.

This article reviewed the concepts, importance, current progress, influencing factors and interventions of the end-of-life issue interaction between patients and their families, and to provide reference for further specific family interventions and family supporting programs.

Based on the introduction of the research about kinesiophobia domestically and abroadly, this paper reviewed the influencing factors of kinesiophibia in patients with chronic low back pain, including the socio-demographic factors that can't be intervened and the potentially interventional factors, and to provide reference for the intervention of kinesiophobia in patients with chronic low back pain.

This paper focuses on summarizing the characteristics, application status and application prospects of the STEADI toolkit, aiming to provide new ideas for the fall prevention of the elderly in China.

This paper introduced the review system and characteristics of Japanese specialist nurses' education agency, including the new authorities' entry, confirmation and renewal review of the educational agencies that meet the conditions according to the standard by the same authority, the same standardized curriculum are adopted, enrolling full-time director and full-time instructor. The course is examined in the second year, and update the review every five years. According to the current status of the management of specialist nurse education agency in China, constructive suggestions were proposed to provide reference.

To analyze the certification process, curriculum and training characteristics of Certified Nurse Specialists and Certified Nurses in Japan, and to propose the development direction of pediatric specialist nurses training and certification, with a view to establishing a unified and standardized pediatric specialist nurses qualification training and certification system to improve the nursing quality of pediatric nurses.