With the development of the cancer prevention and control, it’s more and more meaningful and necessary for the advanced cancer patients to get better psychological spiritual care and social support. This article reviews the development backgrounds, main contents, common interventions of psychological-spiritual care and social support, in order to improve clinical practice and quality of life of the advanced cancer patients.

In the past decade, palliative care and End of Life Care (EOLC) services have been the most rapidly growing fields of health care in the United States. The benefits of palliative care and EOLC have now been shown in multiple clinical studies, with increased patient and provider satisfaction. Nevertheless, there are still many barriers and challenges in the United States to expand use of services include physician resistance, unrealistic expectations of patients and families, lack of the educations and workforce, society awareness, government policy and financial reimbursement. The future of palliative care includes more penetration into other medical specialties; further discernment of the most effective and cost-effective models to community’s settings; and establishment of more outpatient services and home care services. As for the EOLC, it is a critical responsibility of all health care professionals in discussing the type and magnitude of changes necessary to implement costeffective, ethically considerate, culturally acceptable changes in EOLC services.

Advance Care Planning (ACP) aims to help patients establish decisions about future care that take effect when they lose capacity of expressing themselves. Although the attention is significantly increasing, the development of ACP in China is still in early stage. Current status of research and development at home and abroad were reviewed in this article in order to explain the legislation, social concern, progress on practice and the implementation of ACP, including grasping the key time points, optimizing the process of ACP. Evidence for the benefit of ACP for patients is increasing, which suggests that it can facilitate the delivery of care more in keeping with patient wishes and increase patient and family satisfaction with care. More national experimental studies in different settings are needed to benefit the patients diagnosed with life threatening disease and their family members.

Hospice care combines medicine and humanity, and requires nurses to integrate scientific spirit and humanistic spirit, so that they are able to deliver holistic care that meets physical, psychological, social and spiritual needs of hospice patients and their family members. Hospice/Palliative nurses should possess four humanistic qualities including being considerate, being caring, being compassionate, being capable. Humanistic caring helps to achieve goals of hospice care effectively, enhance relationship between healthcare providers and patients, and promote social civilization and medical development.

Objective: To explore the effect of Dignity Therapy (DT) on life satisfaction and psychological status among hospitalized patients with advanced cancer. Methods: Totally 122 hospitalized patients with advanced cancer were divided into the experimental group (n=62) and the control group (n=60). The experimental group received the DT in addition to routine care, and the control group received routine care. Life satisfaction, anxiety and depression, and dignity were assessed on the 15th and the 30th day. Results: The main scores of life satisfaction, anxiety and depression, and dignity were statistically significant between the two groups (P<0.05). The time effect on dignity, anxiety and depression were statistically significant (P<0.05) and there were interaction effects between intervention and time on satisfaction, anxiety and depression, and dignity (P<0.05). Conclusion: Dignity Therapy could effectively improve satisfaction and dignity level and alleviate anxiety and depression among hospitalized patients with advanced cancer.

As an integral member of multidisciplinary team for hospice care, nurses play important roles and functions in hospice care practice. This paper describes the importance and demand of hospice care and elaborates the multiple roles of nurses as evaluators, educators, implementers, coordinators and researchers in hospice care practice. It also puts forward suggestions and prospects for the development of hospice care.

Dignity therapy is an individualized psychotherapy whose aim is to bolster the sense of meaning and dignity, and reduce distress in patients with terminal disease. It includes a recorded interview facilitated by a trained healthcare provider following the dignity therapy questions framework. In the interview, patients are invited to talk about their life experience, and share their feelings, emotions and wisdoms. The interview is finally transcribed, edited and then returned to the patients to bequeath it to their loved ones, which can relieve family suffering and serve as a comfort during bereavement. Besides bringing in the basic concepts and model, cultural adaptation of dignity therapy is needed before applying it into hospice care practice in China.

Cancer is a serious threat to human survival and social development. There is a rising trend of incidence and mortality of cancer. The plan for a Healthy China 2030 required us to make efforts to build a healthy China by providing people with life-span health services. It has been confirmed by many foreign studies that dignity-conserving care makes a great contribution to end-of-life patients suffering from symptoms due to incurable diseases and death threats. It can help them to release psychological distress, optimize meanings of life as well as improve quality of life. However, research on dignity-conserving care for terminally cancer patients is at its initial stage in China. This review aimed to explore nursing literature and research on dignity-conserving care of terminally cancer patients and to analyze the issues of its origin, values, interventions and challenges systematically, in order to call for more attention to the dignity-conserving care for terminally cancer patients and provide evidences for Chinese health care professionals.

Hospice care refers to providing professional medical care for patients at the end-stage, focusing on providing comfortable care, relieving symptoms, patients are no longer being treated in the goal of cure. Through multidisciplinary team cooperation with patients and family members, the psychosocial and spiritual needs of patients and their families can be satisfied while the symptoms are being controlled, so as to improve their quality of life. This paper aims to introduce the practice, reflection and prospect of setting up the hospice ward in our hospital.

Spiritual dimensions transcend biological, psychological, and social pathology emerged in the perspective of clinical academic research with the rapid progress of hospice care and palliative care. Spiritual awareness (experience), spiritual space, spiritual intervention (care) are derived from the establishment of the core concept of spirituality, form a complete theory-practice loop. Because spiritual ideas are projected and influenced by the cultural traditions of region, history, religion, literature, and art, there are differences between the East and the West on the cognizing and understanding of spirituality in the existence of cultural anthropology. It should be pointed out that the spiritual narrative in Chinese traditional culture has a unique type meaning. In addition, in the times of evidence-based medicine, spiritual narration is bound to be questioned and criticized by objectification and evidence-based thinking. But the creation of narrative medicine provides new reasonableness for the clinical study of spiritual experience, spiritual pain and intervention.

Objective: To translate the English version of the Dietary Sodium Restriction Questionnaire (DSRQ) into Chinese and test its reliability and validity. Methods: The English version of the DSRQ was translated into Chinese according to Brislin translation model, and was reviewed and culturally adjusted by panel of experts. The reliability and validity of the Chinese version of DSRQ was tested in 170 patients with heart failure (HF). Results: The exploratory factor analysis (EFA) indicated that Chinese version of DSRQ consisted of 3 factors which explained of 68.23% of total variance. The internal consistency reliability coefficients were 0.923 for total scale, and 0.853, 0.919 and 0.779 for the 3 factors respectively. Conclusion: The Chinese version of the DSRQ has good reliability and validity and can be used as a tool for measuring compliance related to a low-sodium diet in Chinese patients with HF.

Objective: To investigate the symptom experiences, coping strategies and help-seeking barriers of adult Fecal Incontinence. Methods: A systematic search strategy identified qualitative studies exploring the experience of Fecal Incontinence. Databases included Pubmed, Embase, Ovid, EBSCO (CINAHL, PsycINFO), CBM, CNKI. Articles were retrieved from 1976 to April 2017. Study eligibility and data extraction were independently completed using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme for qualitative studies. Results: Of 2 367 studies, sixteen studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria. A thematic synthesis identified three core themes: experience, coping and help-seeking. Conclusion: Fecal Incontinence brings various physiological and psychological burdens to patients. Emotional coping is the main coping style of patients and most patients avoid seeking medical help. How to eliminate the help-seeking barriers and to better cope with Fecal Incontinence as a result, requires further enquiry.

Objective: To evaluate the quality and analyze content of adult oral care clinical practice guidelines, and to provide references of methodology and content for developing Chinese adult oral care clinical practice guidelines. Methods: A systematic review of databases and guideline-related websites was conducted. Literatures were retrieved up to May 2017. The published clinical practice guidelines related to adult oral care were recruited. Guidelines meeting inclusion criteria were evaluated using Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation II instrument. The content analysis was conducted by NVivo 11 software. Results: A total of 12 Engish guidelines concerning oral care were included. In descending order, the 6 domains are scope and purpose, clarity, developmenteligibility, participants, applicability, editorial independence. Three themes were extracted by content analysis: nursing management, nursing education and nursing practice, totally 11 domains and 38 items. Conclusion: The guidelines of oral care should be improved in eligibility, participants, applicability, and editorial independence. Evidence-based oral care guidelines with high quality are needed in China.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between career plateau and knowledge sharing of operating room nurses. Methods: A total of 246 operating nurses from four general tertiary grade A hospitals in Beijing were recruited using convenience sampling method and investigated by questionnaires. Results: The total score of career plateau was (3.22±0.84); and the total score of knowledge sharing was (6.07±0.83). Career plateau was significantly negatively correlated with knowledge sharing (P<0.01). Conclusion: Operating room nurses were on latent plateau. Knowledge sharing was on a high level. Career plateau could be used to predict the status of knowledge sharing. Nurse managers can mitigate operating room nurses' career plateau through effective measures to improve the knowledge sharing of operating nurses as well as the stable construction of nursing teams.

Objective: To translate the English version of the Emotional and Social Dysfunction Questionnaire (ESDQ) into Chinese, and to test the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of ESDQ. Methods: A convenient sample of 369 stroke patients in Hengyang was investigated by the Chinese version of ESDQ. The original scale was revised and then the final scale was formed. Results: The Cronbach's α coefficient of the Chinese version of ESDQ was 0.934, the test-retest reliability was 0.916, and the split-half reliability was 0.817. The content validity index was 0.930. Six factors were extracted by exploratory factor analysis and they could explain 80.190% of the total variance. The confirmatory factor analysis revealed a good fit model. Conclusion: The Chinese version of ESDQ has good reliability and validity, which can be used as a valid tool for measurement of emotional and social dysfunction among stroke patients in China.

Objective: To establish the relationship between Feeding Intolerance (FI) of Early Enteral Nutrition (EEN) and Intra-Abdominal Pressure (IAP) in patients with Mechanical Ventilation (MV). Methods: Descriptive and observational study is carried out at the critical care unit in a 3A Grade Hospital in Beijing from April 2016 to January 2017. One hundred and ten patients with MV with an expected stay of more than 5 days and scheduled to receive EEN have been involved. Their IAP before the start of EEN and the first 3 days of EEN, and the incidences of FI during the first 3 days are all recorded. Results: The incidence of FI of the patients was 73.6%, and one of the most common symptoms is absent/abnormal bowel sounds (53.6%) and diarrhea (48.2%).Partial correlation analysis shows positive correlation between FI and IAP (P<0.05). The AUC under the ROC curve of baseline IAP and the average IAP during the first 3 days of EEN to predict FI are 0.81 (95% CI: 0.73-0.89) and 0.86 (95% CI: 0.79-0.93), and the best threshold are 9 mmHg and 11mmHg. Conclusion: Critically ill patients with MV face high incidence of FI. IAP and FI are related. The baseline IAP and the average of IAP during the first 3 days of EEN could predict the occurrence of FI.

Objective: To explore the effects of the multidisciplinary-team management model on the incidence of Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting (CINV), chemotherapeutic compliance and satisfaction degree in patients with breast cancer. Methods: Totally 294 breast cancer patients were enrolled as the control group from May to July in 2016 and received regular management, while 301 patients with breast cancer were enrolled as the observation group from August to October 2016, and the multidisciplinary-team management model for CINV was implemented. The incidence of CINV, the compliance of chemotherapy and the patients' satisfaction were compared between the two groups. Results: Both the satisfaction degree and chemotherapeutic compliance of the observation group were higher than those of the control group, while the incidence of CINV was lower than that of the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: The multidisciplinary-team CINV management model may significantly reduce the incidence of CINV in patients with breast cancer; improve patients' satisfaction and improve patients' compliance with chemotherapy.

Objective: To explore the status, dynamic changes and relationship of sense of meaning of life and post-traumatic growth among breast cancer patients, to provide a theoretical basis for nursing managers. Methods: We investigated 80 newly diagnosed breast cancer patients using the Demographic Questionnaire, the Chinese versien of Meaning in Life Questionnaire (C-MLQ), and the Chinese-Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (C-PTGI) during the period before surgery after surgery, the first chemotherapy and the last chemotherapy. Results: Repeated measurement of variance analysis indicated that the difference was significant. Pearson analysis showed that MLQ was positively related with PTGI (P<0.01). Conclusion: Improving the patients' MLQ could improve their PTGI. We should strengthen relevant nursing strategies about sense of meaning in life among patients during peri-operative stage and chemotherapy, so as to promote the patients' post-traumatic growth and physical and psychological recovery.

Objective: To explore the application and appraisement of home care on prevention of urinary tract infection in stroke patients with indwelling catheterization. Methods: A total of 100 stroke patients with indwelling catheteration in home sickbed from January to June 2016 were selected as the control group, who received conventional nursing direction of indwelling catheteration. Another 100 stroke patients with indwelling catheteration in domestic sickbed from July to December 2016 were selected as the intervention group, who received home care for 4 weeks aside from conventional nursing direction offered to the control group. Indicators including caregivers' caring behavior score, infection rate of indwelling catheteration and incidence of complications of the two groups were compared respectively before and after the intervention. Results: After intervention, the caregivers' caring behavior score of the intervention group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05), the incidence of urinary tract infection and complications including urinary leakage, urinary blockage, urinary catheter shedding and the rate of difficult extubation of the intervention group was lower than that of the control group (P<0.05), while analysis of the incidence of urethral injury of both groups shown no significant difference (P>0.05). Conclusion: Home care can improve caregivers' caring behavior and reduce the incidence of complications in stroke patients with indwelling catheterization, as well as effectively prevent urinary tract infection caused by indwelling catheterization.

Objective: To examine the knowledge, attitude and practice regarding Chemotherapy-induced Peripheral Neuropathy (CIPN) assessment and management among oncology nurses, and identify the barriers of CIPN assessment and management as well as nurses' needs of continuing education. Methods: The self-designed questionnaire was used to collect data. Univariate and multivariate analysis were used to identify the influencing factors of oncology nurses' knowledge, attitude and practice regarding CIPN assessment and management. Results: The average scores of knowledge, attitude and practice regarding CIPN assessment and management were 9.16±1.93, 27.96±6.65 and 25.84±12.48 respectively, accounting for 57.3%, 77.7% and 53.8% of the full score. Nurses' practice were influenced by their training experience and professional title. Barriers of performing CIPN assessment were do not know how to perform neurologic assessment (68.9%), no proper assessments (57.9%), and do not know how to evaluate (55.7%). Nurses preferred to take part in group study (76.4%) and academic workshop (71.2%) to improve knowledge. Conclusion: Nurses' knowledge, attitude and practice regarding CIPN assessment and management needed to be improved. Managers should organize specific training programs to improve nurses' ability, and also develop proper assessment tool for CIPN.

Objective: To set up the management information platform of Venous Thromboembolism (VTE), and establish the assessment-alert-intervention procedure of VTE. Methods: Firstly, the authors designed the framework of VTE management information system. Secondly, they established the preliminary draft of the platform, and then conducted the pilot run in several selected units, collected the feedback to improve the platform. Finally, they generalized the use of the platform widely. Results: They set up a preferable framework of VTE management information platform. The platform increased the rates of assessment and the physical prevention measures and implementation (P<0.05). Conclusion: The VTE management information platform could improve the management efficiency.

Based on the latest progress at home and abroad, this paper summarized the current application status of mobile health in self-management of children with asthma from three aspects, which were short message system, smart phone application and smart phone combining with electronic asthma monitoring equipment. Combing with current situation, we proposed three prospects, to provide references for promoting disease control and management of children with asthma.

Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) is a mature method to evaluate the efficiency of medical and health institutions, and has advantage in nursing human resource efficiency evaluation. This article reviewed the research progress of DEA, the application in nursing human resources efficiency evaluation, and indicators of nursing human resources efficiency evaluation, to provide reference for nursing human resources management.

This paper reviewed and summarized the concept of nursing safety culture, its influence factors, assessment tools and research directions, and put forward deficiencies of those researches about nursing safety, in order to provide reference for researches aboutnursing safety culture in China.

Totally 31 cases of outpatient fall in our hospital from January 2013 to June 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. Causes of outpatient falls included patient factors, environmental factors, and management factors. With fall risk assessment, effective management of high-risk patients, strengthening of environmental management, as well as encouraging full participation in the fall prevention, outpatient fall could be effectively prevented and reduced.

Nursing quality evaluation index is a tool to evaluate the clinical nursing work, but also an important means of delivering nursing quality management. In this paper, nursing care quality indicators were used to evaluate the quality of nursing work. The collected data were real time dynamically analyzed and the existing nursing problems were continuously improved using the nursing tools.

The patients with AIDS are affected physically and psychologically by the pressure from AIDS. This study reviewed five psychology intervention methods applied to AIDS patients based on professional psychological counseling skills, including behavioral cognitive behavioral therapy, mindfulness therapy, decompression peer education, emotion regulation and intervention of anti-discrimination intervention on AIDS patients. It is expected to provide counseling skills for nurses during the psychological intervention of AIDS patients.

Objective: To explore the temperature changing regularity in patients with traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) fire therapy. Methods: Skin contact-type temperature monitor was applied to monitor the temperature during fire therapy. Temperature changing and the situation of skin were recorded. Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) was performed to assess the comfort level. Results: The out fire temperature was (42.80±0.11)℃, the highest temperature was (44.82±0.10)℃. The out fire temperature was significantly lower than the highest temperature (P<0.001). The reignition temperature was (42.98±0.11)℃, the lowest temperature was (42.48±0.09)℃. The reignition temperature was significantly higher than the lowest temperature (P<0.001). The 94.68% of the subjects reported comfort. The 5.32% reported mild discomfort. The burn rate was 0. Conclusion: The temperature changing regularity was similar through reignition. The temperature was not reduced immediately after putting out, but continued rising until reaching the highest temperature. It suggests that the safety and the comfort level of the TCM therapy could be achieved by controlling the reignition and extinguishment effectively.

This review of literature seeks to provide a general overview of Compassion Fatigue among oncology nurse, as well as measurement, related factors and supportive interventions of Compassion Fatigue. In order to provide references to decrease negative outcomes of stress experienced such as Compassion Fatigue among oncology nurses, and promote their physical and mental health.

By the way of searching, sorting and analyzing literature reviews, this paper expounded the concept and content of Patient-Reported Outcomes and analyzed main measurement tools of Patient-Reported Outcomes and its clinical application so as to provide references for promotion and improvement of clinical treatment and care for cancer patients.

In order to clarify the methods and steps of evidence-based practice and promote Evidence-Based Nursing practice more scientifically and effectively, this paper introduced and compared the six evidence-based nursing models which were focused on the process of evidence-based practice, namely Stetler Model of Research Utilization, Iowa model, Ottawa Model of Research Use, Rosswurm & Larrabee model, Knowledge to Action Framework and ACE Star model. We explained the origin, contents, steps and characteristics of each model and provided the application status in nursing field in recent years to provide a reference for clinical nurses to choose appropriate evidence-based models.