Objective: To investigate the current implementation status of the Nursing Practice Standards for Intravenous Therapy in the tertiary grade A hospitals in China, in order to provide a reference for promoting the implementation of the standards. Methods: The stratified convenient sampling method was used, the persons in charge of implementing the intravenous therapy standards in the nursing departments of 30 tertiary grade A hospitals in 17 provinces/autonomous regions/municipalities directly under the Central Government in China were included, and questionnaires were self-developed and conducted in the form of electronic questionnaires from July to December in 2021. Results: All 30 hospitals formulated standard implementation plans, which were organized by the intravenous therapy professional team to implement throughout the hospital, and the relevant systems, norms and standards of intravenous treatment care in the hospital were established or revised according to the standard. Standard training was provided in all hospitals and 12 (40.00%) hospitals trained the doctors. There were no significant differences in the incidence of central venous catheter-associated bloodstream infections, phlebitis, exudation/extravasation, and the number of acupuncture injuries between 2019 and 2020 (P>0.05). Conclusion: This standard has been fully implemented in the tertiary grade A hospitals. It is recommended that the professional group of intravenous therapy play a leadership role in implementing standards, the doctors and nurses receive train jointly and implement the standard in cooperation. The accurate and continuous monitoring of the implementation effects of the standard is needed to promote the implementation of the standard.

Objective: To construct the framework of a nursing standards system in China. Methods: Based on Donabedian three-dimensional quality theory and literature retrieval, the framework of the nursing standard system in China was preliminarily developed. Twenty-two experts were consulted by two rounds of email letters using Delphi method from December 2020 to March 2021. Results: The recovery rates of the two rounds of consultation were 88.0% and 100.0%, respectively. The expert authority coefficients were 0.845 and 0.845, and Kendall coordination coefficients were 0.175-0.194, 0.189-0.194, respectively. After 2 rounds of expert consultation, the nursing standard system framework with 3 first-level indicators, 12 second-level indicators and 26 third-level indicators was finally determined. Conclusion: The "nursing standards system framework " constructed in this study is scientific, reliable, and operable. Experts have a high consensus on indicators at all levels, which can provide references for the development of nursing standards in China.

Objective: To investigate the cognition of the Nursing Classification among nurses nationally and to know the problems during implementation of the Nursing Classification. Methods: A questionnaire survey was conducted among nurses in 31 provinces (municipalities and autonomous regions) across the country. A total of 143941 nurses were included by convenience sampling. Data were analyzed regarding nurses' understanding of the Nursing Classification, and their opinions and suggestions for the Nursing Classification. Results: More than 99.71% of nurses believed that contents of the Nursing Classification were clear. 99.48% of the nurses believed that the current Nursing Classification was suitable for clinical practice. 99.18% of the nurses believed that Barthel index rating scale was applicable. The cognition of the Nursing Classification between nursing managers and nurses was different (P<0.05). The assessment of patient classification was mainly determined by doctors and nurses (51.25%). Doctors were the main person to make the prescription regarding the classification (94.57%). The problems were as follows: insufficient understanding of the Nursing Classification, limitation of the Nursing Classification in some particular clinical settings, subjective judgement of patients' condition, and insufficient cooperation between physicians and nurses. Conclusion: The Nursing Classification is clear and definite, and it has good applicability in China. However, it is still necessary to strengthen training of medical staff and promote medical cooperation. At the same time, more objective grading methods and professional grading basis should be explored further. Nursing classification standards should be constantly improved.

Objective: To construct a homogenization training program of intravenous therapy for trained nurses, and to explore its implementation effect in the training of standardized nurses. Methods: We established a homogeneous training teacher group about intravenous therapy. Applying the theoretical framework of the ADDIE model, and based on the national demonstration case of "taking norms as the ruler and practicing the standard of intravenous therapy", a homogeneous training program for intravenous therapy was constructed and applied. We compared the results of the examination, condition of puncture site/tool and core competencies before improvement and after improvement. Results: Compared with those before the improvement, the skill scores, the utilization rate of forearm puncture, clinical nursing ability, support and interpersonal communication ability, critical clinical thinking ability and professional construction and development ability of nurses after the improvement were improved, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: The homogenization training can effectively improve the skill level of trained nurses, standardize their intravenous therapy nursing behavior, improve their core competency, and provide a reference for the intravenous therapy training of trained nurses.

Objective: To design and develop a mobile terminal APP for instrument and equipment management of the Central Sterile Supply Department in cooperation with software engineers based on the Safety Management for Medical Devices, and analyze the application effects. Methods: We designed and applied mobile terminal instrument and equipment management APP, and compared the punctuality rate of regular maintenance, failure repair time and the utilization rate of the same batch of equipment before and after application. Results: The punctuality rate of regular maintenance after application was significantly improved from 79.2% to 98.8% (P<0.001), and the fault repair time was significantly reduced from 8.0 (5.0, 9.0) h to 4.0 (2.0, 6.0) h (P<0.001). The utilization rate of instrument and equipment increased from 92.9% to 100.0%. Conclusion: The mobile terminal instrument and equipment management APP which based on the Safety Management for Medical Devices realizes the visualization, traceability, convenience and refined management of equipment in the Central Sterile Supply Department, improves work efficiency, guarantees the supply quality of sterile items in the Central Sterile Supply Department, and improves the professional level of staff.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of cognitive combined sucking dual task training on orofacial function and swallowing function in stroke patients. Methods: Stroke patients who were hospitalized in the Department of Neurology in a tertiary grade A hospital in Hangzhou from August 2020 to February 2022 were divided into control group (n=57) and experiment group (n=58) randomly by using random number table method. Patients in the control group received standard care, while the experiment group received cognitive combined sucking dual task training for four weeks in addition to standard care. The score of orofacial function, the swallowing function, the sucking force and the incidence of aspiration pneumonia were compared before and after the intervention for both groups. Results: The orofacial function, the swallowing function, the sucking force were all better in the experiment group than those in the control group, the incidence of aspiration pneumonia was lower in the experiment group than in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: Cognitive combined sucking dual task training can help stroke patients improve their orofacial function and swallowing function, reduce the incidence of aspiration pneumonia, and promote targeted rehabilitation for stroke patients with swallowing disorder.

Objective: To summarize the nursing management experience of the family cabin hospital in the prevention and control of COVID-19, in order to provide reference for pediatric nursing emergency management. Methods: A tertiary grade A children's hospital in Shanghai took over the family cabin hospital, implemented the parent-child compartment management, and carried out the operation and maintenance management of structural layout, nursing staff management, parent-child family management and disinfection management. Results: From March 29, 2022 to May 4, 2022, a total of 2656 patients were admitted to the family cabin hospital, including 1227 parent-child families and 1429 children; 5312 specimens collection for COVID-19 testing were completed, 2427 cases were cured and discharged, no case was rehospitalized, no rescue and death cases, and no adverse events such as falls, burns, accidental injuries, wrong administration and so on; and no medical staff suffered from infection. Conclusion: Strengthening the management of rationalization of environmental layout, institutionalization of operation, standardization of nursing, humanization of care and parent-child interaction can ensure the orderly admission and treatment of parent-child family patients in the family cabin hospital, it meets the epidemic prevention requirements and promotes the rehabilitation of children with COVID-19.

Objective: To construct the surgical specimen chain management scheme based on the link color block in the operating room and analyze its clinical effects. Methods: A total of 9470 surgical specimens from the operating room were enrolled by convenience sampling from a tertiary grade A hospital in Hangzhou from January 2020 to December 2021. And 4470 surgical specimens from January to December 2020 were selected as the control group with routine specimens management, 5000 surgical specimens from January to December 2021 were selected as the intervention group with routine specimens management and chain management based on link color block. The qualification rate of the specimens and the satisfaction of surgeons and nurses were used to evaluate the effects of chain management scheme. Results: In experimental group, the correct rate of the placement, specimen containers, specimen fixative, placement method of routine pathological specimens and the qualification rate of total specimens were significantly higher than those of the control group (P<0.05). The surgeons and nurses satisfaction of the experimental group was higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: The chain management scheme based on link color block can make the specimen management of the operating room specific and refined, which can significantly reduce the failure rate of specimen handling and improve the satisfaction of surgeons and nurses.

Objective: To develop a nursing quality sensitive indicators for respiratory infection prevention and management of patients with hematology tumor. Methods: Though literature evidence-based analysis, the nursing quality sensitive indicators were initially constructed. Then Delphi method was used to revise and evaluate the quality of the indicators. Results: The nursing quality sensitive indicators of the prevention and management of the respiratory infection in patients with hematology tumor including 3 first-level indicators, 14 secondary-level indicators, 45 third-level indicators. The active coefficients of the two-round expert consultation were 93.75% and 100.00%. The authority coefficients were 0.841 and 0.847. The expert coordination coefficient were 0.272 and 0.220. Conclusion: Nursing quality sensitive indicators for respiratory infection prevention and management of patients with hematology tumor have a specialized feature to provide a basis for the comprehensive assessment of clinical nursing quality.

This paper described the preparation and construction process, as well as the challenges experienced by the medical security team in National Sliding Centre, which included the medical environment, staffing and responsibilities, material coordination, training, and achievements. This will provide references for ensuring medical services during similar winter events in the future.

In this paper, we summarized the efforts made by Beijing Yanqing Winter Olympic Village polyclinic in seven nursing areas, including management structure, system construction, quality control, process transformation, workforce deployment, epidemic prevention and control, training and assessment under the prevention and control of COVID-19. Through the construction and implementation of the nursing security system, the medical security work of international large-scale sports events has been completed with high quality, making the polyclinic work run smoothly.

This paper summarized the experience of environmental preparation, working process and quality management, hospital infection control, and nursing human resources management in the outpatient and emergency department of Yanqing District Hospital which was one of the designated hospitals for Beijing Winter Olympics and Paralympics. To provide reference for the outpatient and emergency nursing management of medical security in major games under the COVID-19 pandemic.

This article summarized the nursing human resource management regarding position setting, working responsibility, working schedule, and personnel training in the polyclinic of the Beijing Yanqing Olympic Village. We aimed to provide references for nursing human resource management in other big sporting events.

Objective: To explore the incidence and risk factors of postoperative Venous Thromboembolism in gastric cancer patients. Methods: Consecutive sampling method was performed to select gastric cancer patients who underwent radical gastrectomy in a tumor center in Tianjin from January 2020 to December 2021. Postoperative thrombus was assessed at the postoperative day 6. The predictive thresholds of D-dimer in postoperative thrombosis were analyzed by ROC curve analysis. Results: Totally 106 patients (28.5%) developed thrombosis. Logistic regression analysis showed that, patients activity on the first day after operation, the level of D-dimer and perioperative red blood cell transfusion were the influencing factors of postoperative thrombosis in patients with gastric cancer. The sensitivity and specificity were 79.6% and 60.2% respectively when the cutoff value of D-dimer was 2584.40 ng/mL. Conclusion: The incidence of postoperative thrombus in gastric cancer patients is at high level. Nurses should pay attention to those who have abnormally high level of D-dimer and who have received red blood cell transfusion during perioperative period. Nurses could adopt precise management of thrombus prevention in order to reduce the incidence of thrombus in patients with gastric cancer after operation.

Objective: To develop the Self-Care Protection Motivation Scale for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and to test its reliability and validity. Methods: Based on the Protection Motivation Theory (PMT), through literature reviews and group discussion, the initial item pool of the scale was constructed. Through 2 rounds of Delphi expert consultation, the initial scale was developed. Through preliminary test, the scale items were further revised. A questionnaire survey was conducted among 275 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus to test the reliability and validity of the scale. Results: The finalized Self-Care Protection Motivation Scale included 7 dimensions with 38 items. The exploratory factor analysis identified 7 principal factors, which accumulatively explained 63.169% of total variance. The Content Validity Index of the scale was 0.933. Criterion validity r was 0.419 (P<0.001). Cronbach's α coefficient of the scale was 0.893, and cronbach's α coefficients of 7 dimensions ranged from 0.707 to 0.909. Split-half reliability of the scale was 0.744, and split-half reliability of 7 dimensions ranged from 0.666 to 0.896. Conclusion: Self-Care Protection Motivation Scale for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus has good reliability and validity, which can be used to evaluate type 2 diabetes patients' self-care protection motivation, and to predict the likelihood of patients implementing self-care behavior.

Objective: To explore the fear of cancer recurrence and its influencing factors in patients after Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (HSCT) from the perspective of positive psychology. Methods: From May to August 2021, a total of 226 hospitalized and reexamined patients after HSCT were investigated with general information questionnaire, the Fear of Progression Questionnaire-Short Form (FoP-Q-SF), the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (BIPQ), the Herth Hope Index (HHI), the Shortened Chinese Version of the Family Resilience Assessment Scale (FRAS-C), and the Perceived Social Support Scale (PSSS). Results: 36.7% of patients after HSCT have a high level of fear of cancer recurrence. The mean score of FoP-Q-SF after HSCT was 31.14 ± 9.29. Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that medical burden, illness perception, perceived social support were the main influencing factors of fear of cancer recurrence, which explained 32.5% of the total variance. Conclusion: The fear of cancer recurrence in patients after HSCT is a serious problem. It is suggested that medical staff should pay attention to the psychological state of patients, take measures to encourage patients to face the disease with a positive attitude, improve patients' correct cognition of the disease and perceived social support, so as to reduce patients' fear of cancer recurrence.

Objective: To analyze the latent category characters of self-management of patients with hypertension and the risk indicators for defect categories of self-management. Methods: From November 2019 to June 2020, 243 hypertension patients admitted to department of cardiology of a tertiary grade A hospital in Tianjin were sampled conveniently as the research subjects. Hypertension Knowledge-Level Scale, Anti-hypertensive Therapy Related Attitudes and Beliefs Scale, Social Support Rating Scale, Duke Activity Status Index, Hypertension Patients Self-efficacy Rating Scale and Hypertension Patients Self-management Behavior Rating Scale were adopted to conduct a questionnaire survey. The latent class characters of self-management were explored by latent profile analysis and the predictor indicators of different categories were analyzed. Results: Four latent classes of self-management in patients with hypertension were identified: high self-management class, low self-management class, static self-management class and dynamic self-management class. Compared with high self-management class, the independent predictor of static self-management class were monthly income of 2000-5000, no hospitalization for hypertension, low therapy related attitudes and beliefs, low duke activity status index and low self-efficacy (P<0.05). The risk factors of dynamic self-management class were lake of knowledge of hypertension and low self-efficacy (P<0.05). The independent predictor of low self-management class were monthly income of 2000-5000, low therapy related attitudes and beliefs, duration of hypertension less than 5 years and low social support (P<0.05). Conclusion: Significant subgroups of patients with different self-management characters were identified. Nurses could identify the self-management characters and risk factors for each type of patients in early stage, and take corresponding support measures to improve the level of self-management of hypertension patients.

Objective: To systematically evaluate qualitative studies of birth trauma experiences in puerpera. Methods: We searched relevant databases to retrieve all eligible qualitative studies. A Meta-synthesis was conducted to synthesize the evidence. Results: A total of 18 literatures were included, 66 findings were integrated into 8 categories and finally 3 synthesized results were summarized: the causes and feelings of maternal birth trauma experiences; the negative effects of maternal birth trauma experiences; puerpera seek different strategies to cope with birth trauma. Conclusion: Birth trauma is a global phenomenon with far-reaching effects, which should be paid more attention to by the society, medical administrators, medical staff and families.

Objective: To summarise the evidence for accelerated recovery management of patients undergoing Transhepatic Arterial Chemoembolization (TACE), with a view to raising the awareness of medical staff, patients and families and reducing complications. Methods: After a systematic search of relevant literature in national and international databases according to the 6S pyramid model, two researchers independently evaluated the quality of the included studies and extracted the evidence for inductive analysis. Results: Totally 14 articles were accepted, including 4 guidelines, 5 expert consensus articles, 1 evidence summary, 1 randomized controlled trial, 1 case-control, and 2 Meta-analyses, resulting in 27 pieces of best evidence which could be classified into three aspects: "preoperative health education and management", "management of complications", and "timing, safety and necessity of early activity". Conclusion: It is safe and necessary to strengthen preoperative health education for TACE, implement timely prevention and intervention of complications, and encourage patients to be active early after surgery, which can provide reference for clinical development of accelerated rehabilitation.

Objective: To systematically review the qualitative studies of dignity experience in patients with advanced cancer at the end of life, and to provide references for clinical practice and policies of hospice care for patients with advanced cancer. Methods: Relational database were searched from inception to February 2022 for qualitative studies on the dignity experience of patients with advance cancer. The Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Tool for qualitative studies from Australia was used to evaluate the quality of included studies. The results were integrated by aggregative synthesis methods. Results: A total of 10 studies were included, 33 complete findings were grouped according to their similarities to form 10 categories, then resulted in 3 synthesized findings. Physiological related dignity: the dignity experience caused directly by physical symptoms and autonomic dysfunction impaired physiological dignity. Psychological related dignity: the dignity experience influenced by psychological distress, spiritual value and positive coping. Social related dignity: the dignity experience composed of social roles and privacy, attitudes and behaviors of others, financial burden, and medical resource needs. Conclusion: Medical institutions, families and society need to pay attention to the dignity experience of patients with advanced cancer and provide support from physiological, psychological and social dimensions to maintain the dignity of patients with advanced cancer.

Objective: To develop a risk prediction model of Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting (CINV), thus to provide a basis for the development of the best antiemetic regimen. Methods: High-risk factors of CINV were screened based on systematic literature review. Chemotherapy patients were investigated in the oncology department of 12 tertiary grade A hospitals in Chongqing from September 2020 to May 2021. The Chinese version of The Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer (MASCC) Antiemetic Tool (MAT) was used to evaluate the occurrence of CINV. The vomiting that not occurrence or nausea NRS score <3 was treated as outcome indicators. The independent risk factors of CINV were analyzed by multi-factor Logistic regression, and the predictive efficacy, sensitivity and specificity of the CINV risk prediction model were evaluated by Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Results: Among 2215 patients, 639 patients (28.8%) developed vomiting or nausea with NRS score≥3. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis screened out 11 independent risk factors for CINV, the Area Under the ROC Curve (AUC) of the constructed CINV risk prediction model was 0.843, the sensitivity was 81.7%, the specificity was 73.3% (P<0.001). The Hosmer-Lemeshow test was used for model fit test with χ2=8.652, P=0.372. Conclusion: The Logistic regression-based CINV risk prediction model shows good discrimination, precision and model performance. It may provide a basis for medical personnel's development of personalized and reasonable antiemetic regimen for the patients.

Objective: To analyze the risk factors of aspiration in patients with severe intracerebral hemorrhage receiving enteral nutrition support, and preliminary develop and verify its risk prediction graph model. Methods: Retrospective cohort study method was used to systematically select patients with severe cerebral hemorrhage who received enteral nutrition support from a tertiary grade A hospital in Liaoning province from January 2018 to March 2021. According to whether aspiration occurred or not, they were divided into non-aspiration group (n=221) and aspiration group (n=147). Logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors of aspiration, and R software was used to build a risk prediction nomogram model. From April 2021 to June 2021, 53 patients with severe cerebral hemorrhage who received enteral nutrition support in the same hospital were selected to validate the model. Results: Logistic regression analysis screened the nasogastric feeding tube diameter (OR=0.080), gastric residual volume (OR=1.710), history of aspiration (OR=0.356), National Institute of Stroke Scale score (OR=1.257) and low-water drinking test (OR=2.499) were the risk factors for aspiration (P<0.05). Internal validation showed that the area under the ROC curve was 0.955, the risk prediction value corresponding to the maximum value of the Youden index was 0.234, and the slope of the calibration curve was close to 1. External validation showed that the area under ROC curve was 0.891, calibration curve was near ideal curve. Conclusion: The differentiation and accuracy of the constructed linear graph model are high, which can provide a reference for predicting the risk of aspiration in patients with severe intracerebral hemorrhage receiving enteral nutrition support.

Objective: To deeply understand the nursing dilemma of ICU nurses on thirst of critically ill patients, and to provide reference for alleviating thirst discomfort of those patients. Methods: By using the semi-structured interview method, 16 ICU nurses were given in-depth interviews, and the interview data were then analyzed employing thematic analysis. Results: The nursing dilemma in ICU on thirst of critically ill patients was refined into three themes: difficulty in evaluating thirst, nurses' own factors and medical environment factors. Conclusion: We should actively explore the gold standard for evaluating patients' thirst, strengthen organizational construction and improve nursing, so as to provide better care for mitigating the discomfort of thirst in critically ill patients.

Objective: To investigate the status of adversity quotient and transition shock among new nurses in an oncology hospital and analyze the impact of their adversity quotient on transition shock. Methods: Convenience sampling method was used to recruite 133 new nurses from a tertiary cancer hospital in Jiangsu province in April 2021. General information questionnaire, adversity discussion form, and transition shock evaluation scale for new nurses were distributed. Results: The total score of new nurses' adversity quotient was 129.64±8.95 and the total score of new nurses' transition shock was 91.50±7.38. Multiple linear stepwise regression analysis showed that age, gender, educational background, attribution and extension dimension of adversity quotient were the influencing factors of transition shock. Conclusion: The adversity quotient and transition shock of new nurses were at a moderate level. It is suggested that nursing managers should conduct frustration situation simulation training and personalized psychological quality education for new nurses to help them complete their role transition as soon as possible.

Objective: To describe the characteristics of working environment alarm fatigue, emotional labor, and job burnout among nurses in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). We also analyzed the influencing factors of job burnout in ICU nurses. Methods: A total of 174 ICU nurses were included in the study, the Clinical Alarm Fatigue Questionnaire, the Emotional Labor Scale, and the Job Burnout Scale were used to collect related information. Results: The level of working environment alarm fatigue among ICU nurses was reported as moderate (18.01±7.85), and the item that scored the highest was "clinical alarm makes me easy to forget what will be done", followed by "clinical alarm makes me stressed", and "I feel anxious because of clinical alarm". The level of emotional labor among ICU nurses was also moderate, which was scored high on the deep acting items. There were 60.91% of the ICU nurses reporting with job burnout. The length of employment, length of working in the ICU settings, their job title, the working environment alarm fatigue, emotional labor surface acting and deep acting were significant factors related to ICU nurses' job burnout. Working environment alarm fatigue was a significant predictor for nurses' job burnout, and emotional labor played a partial mediation role between working environment alarm fatigue and job burnout. Conclusion: The proportion of nurses reported with job burnout is high in this sample of ICU nurses. The level of working environment alarm fatigue and emotional labor is moderate, which needs attention from the administrative personnel to take actions and effectively reduce the working environment alarm fatigue, guide nurses to enhance positive emotional labor and alleviate job burnout in ICU nurses.

Objective: To investigate the core competencies and influencing factors of the clinical nurse educators in the training bases for specialty nurses in Beijing. Methods: Based on the translation and back translation of the WHO core competency framework, a core competency assessment scale for nurse educators was constructed. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 743 clinical nurse educators in Beijing specialty nurse training bases. Results: The total score of core competency of clinical teachers was 76.66±15.82. The dimension with the highest score was professionalism/ monitoring and evaluation (82.63±16.64), and the dimension with the lowest score was communication and collaboration (64.67±21.85). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the independent influencing factors of core competency were their working years, highest education degree, whether they had the hospital qualification, whether they had received systematic training in clinical teaching, and whether they undertook the clinical nurse teaching for both the Chinese Nursing Association and Beijing Nursing Association in the mean time (R2=0.092, P<0.001). Conclusion: The core competency level of clinical teachers in Beijing specialty nurse training bases is above the middle level, yet their communication and coordination ability still need further improvement. Managers should take corresponding measures according to the influencing factors, such as encouraging professional self-development, formulating admittance criteria, and performing systematic training, so as to comprehensively improve the core competencies of clinical nurse educators.

This review summarizes the related concepts, current situation, influencing factors and intervention strategies of cancer patients' parenting concerns, aims to arouse the attention of domestic scholars and medical staff on cancer patients' parenting concerns, provide strategies and reference for relevant research, and promote the development of cancer psychological nursing in China.

This paper reviewed the current status of the content, and intervention modalities of supportive care needs of elderly cancer patients, and made suggestions for further research. The aim of this paper is to raise the awareness of clinical staff to the supportive care needs of elderly cancer patients. It is expected to provide a basis for early identification of care needs of elderly cancer patients, and provideeffective nursing care interventionsin order to enhancee the quality of life of elderly cancer patients.

This paper reviews comprehensive understanding of MDRPI in critically ill adults among healthcare providers, includes predisposing sites, high-risk factors, risk assement and preventive measures, provides the clinical reference for constructing risk prediction model and assessment tools as well as formulating targeted prevention strategies in the future.

This paper reviews the impact of emergencies on patients with Maintenance Hemodialysis and the research progress of emergency response measures at home and abroad, analyzes the problems in emergency response measures and gives improvement strategies, so as to provide reference to safeguard the treatment of Maintenance Hemodialysis for patients under emergency.

Objective: To investigate the effects of a preoperative prehabilitation program based on the concept of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) on patients with lumbar degenerative diseases. Methods: A prehabilitation team was established in a tertiary hospital in Beijing, and a preoperative prehabilitation program was constructed. The functional status of the lumbar spine and postoperative recovery of patients was analyzed. Results: The lumbar spine dysfunction index and pain scores of patients in both groups showed a decreasing trend. The decreasing trend in the experiment group was faster group than that in the control group, the patients' first time out of bed in the experiment group was shortened than that in the control group, the Barthel score at discharge in the experiment group was higher than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: The implementation of the prehabilitation program for patients with lumbar degenerative diseases has good clinical effects. The preoperative intervention can improve the functional status of patients' lumbar spine and postoperative recovery speed. It can provide useful information for the clinical practice of enhanced recovery after surgery.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of bundled care in improving comfort in patients with indwelling nasogastric tubes. Methods: Totally 60 patients with indwelling nasogastric tube in the gastroenterology of one general hospital were included from February to June 2021. They were randomly divided into control group and experimental group. Patients in the control group (n=30) received routine care, while patients in the experimental group (n=30) received bundled care. Results: The percentage of incidence in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). The percentage of nursing satisfaction in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: The bundled care for patients can effectively improve patient comfort and enhance patient satisfaction.