Taking the nursing management work of group-type nursing assistance to Tibet in Beijing as an example, this paper summarizes the experience based on the task and work characteristics of nursing reform in the past five years. Starting from the current situation of problems and the construction of target management, through the two stages of strong foundation breakthrough and deep connotation of "strong third-level Grade A" promotion, and driven by innovation, we constructed a joint three-level nursing management structure of "two-way co-management", the construction of precision discipline assistance and promotion based on "hospital-to-department", the "in and out" technical management personnel training mechanism and the "comprehensive coverage" management promotion remote assistance mode. Through the help, the total number and structure of nursing human resources were more scientific, the nursing quality had been significantly improved, and the number of specialist and management personnel training and the coverage of disciplines were increasing. In the future, we will continue to explore the establishment of the precise assistance of management and professional development, innovate the management mode, strengthen the connotation construction and extension coverage of nursing specialty, and achieve the sustainable development of group-type nursing assistance to Tibet.

Starting from 2016, Shaanxi Provincial Nursing Quality Control Center established the model of precise nursing support by selecting experts, determining target hospitals and formulating schemes, where the model was applied to 32 county-level hospitals. The results showed that the core competence of nursing managers in county-level hospitals was improved. The quality of nursing care in county-level hospitals was improved significantly. The quality control center builds a platform for the subsidence of high-quality nursing resources. The construction of the core competence of nursing management position in county-level hospitals is the key point of precise nursing support. The functions of the quality control center were further expanded. Precise nursing support is a win-win measure for both quality control center and county-level hospitals.

Objective: To construct a standardized training system for midwives meeting local needs and characteristics of Tibet Autonomous Region through group-type assistance to Tibet, and to evaluate the improvement of job competency of trained midwives before and after the training. Methods: The standardized training system of midwives in Tibet was established and was applied as the standardized training base in Tibet Autonomous Region and was approved. By using the self-designed midwife core competency self-assessment and other evaluation tools, 68 midwives who participated in the training in the base from 2017 to 2019 were evaluated on baseline and 2-year after returning to work to evaluate the effects of the systematic training on job competency of the trained midwives. Results: After the training, midwives' professional literacy, competency for pregnancy health care, delivery health care, postpartum health care, neonatal health care, women's health care, public health care and comprehensive ability were all improved. Among the 47 core competencies, more than 90% participants were "significantly improved" and "greatly improved" in 21 items, 80%-90% participants were "significantly improved" and "greatly improved" in 23 items. The results of self-evaluation of midwives were basically consistent with the results from supervisors’ evaluation (P>0.05). Conclusion: Through the group-type assistance to Tibet, we have explored and implemented the standardized training of Tibetan midwives, and ultimately achieved remarkable results. However, a long-term mechanism is still needed to support and improve the coverage of training areas, hospitals and nurses, the accuracy of the training content, the base evaluation, the abilities of teacher training, and the training fund.

From April 2020, the COVID-19 epidemic in China has entered a phase of normal prevention and control. As the only sentinel hospital with fever clinic in our poverty county in Lvliang mountainous area, the task of COVID-19 epidemic prevention and control was arduous. In this paper, we summarized the efforts in triage of patients, management of hospitalized patients and their caregivers, construction of PCR laboratory and infection control management during the normal prevention and control of COVID-19, so as to make all routine work and epidemic prevention and control work go smoothly.

This article discusses the necessity of poverty alleviation in oral health under the background of carrying out national health and health poverty alleviation, and sorts out the oral health care, oral disease prevention and treatment, primary oral personnel training and oral fitness carried out by West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University in recent years. From the three aspects of government, medical institutions, and medical workers, we should take the science and technology project as the link, take the remote network platform as the carrier, and carry out the work through the close combination of management, training, scientific research and other aspects. We will strive to improve the overall level of oral health care in poor areas and promote the comprehensive, balanced and sustainable development of oral health.

Objective: To translate the Fear of Tinnitus Questionnaire (FTQ) and test the reliability and validity of the Chinese FTQ. Methods: The version of FTQ was translated into Chinese and back translated according to the Brislin Translation Mode. Cross-cultural adaptation of the translated FTQ was carried out through group discussion and Pre-experiment. A total of 318 tinnitus patients were recruited and investigated using General Information Sheet and the FTQ by convenient sampling method. Results: The Chinese version of the FTQ contained a total of 15 items. Exploratory factor analysis extracted 3 public factors and the cumulative variance contribution rate was 68.672%. The results of confirmatory factor analysis showed that all indexes were intended to be accepted, and the model fit was good. The content validity analysis showed that the level of content validity index (S-CVI/UA) of the consensus scale was 0.813, and the overall Cronbach's α coefficient of the scale was 0.880. Conclusion: The Chinese version of FTQ has good reliability and validity, and can be used to evaluate the level of fear in domestic tinnitus patients.

Objective: To investigate the compliance status of postoperative oral nutritional supplements (ONS) intake and its influencing factors in patients with colorectal cancer. Methods: A total of 183 patients with colorectal cancer were included. Univariate and multivariate analysis were applied to analysis the data. Results: Totally 44 patients (24.04%) had high compliance with postoperative ONS intake, 73 patients (39.89%) had good compliance with postoperative ONS intake, and 66 patients (36.07%) had poor compliance with ONS intake. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the educational level, postoperative first meal time, and gastrointestinal tolerance are the independent influencing factors of postoperative ONS intake compliance in patients with colorectal cancer (P<0.05). Conclusion: In future clinical practice, it is necessary to strengthen patients' understanding of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery and health knowledge. It is also important to improve patients' awareness of the importance and precautions of postoperative ONS intake, and reduce gastrointestinal intolerance caused by the inappropriate frequency, temperature, and concentration of ONS intake.

Objective: To investigate the quality of life of children with precocious puberty during treatment, and to analyze the influencing factors in order to provide a reference to improve the quality of life of children. Methods: It was a case-control study with matching age and sex in patients who had long-term residence in Chongqing. The case group consisted of 134 patients with Idiopathic Central Precocious Puberty (ICPP) aged 5-12 years who were treated in a children's hospital. A total of 210 children with normal development and no chronic diseases were selected as control group from 2 schools. The participants were investigated using demographic questionnaire and PedsQLTM4.0. Results: Compared with controls, the cases had significant low quality of life score (P<0.05). Multivariate stepwise regression analysis showed that age, primary caregiver's occupation entered the regression equation (P<0.05). Conclusion: Children with precocious puberty have low health-related quality of life during treatment. Medical staff should take targeted measures according to the age of children and different treatment methods. For patients' caregivers, nurses should improve their knowledge of precocious puberty and reduce their negative emotion to improve ICPP patients' quality of life indirectly.

Objective: To observe the effect of different protein diet on nutritional metabolism and oxidative stress in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus complicated with pulmonary tuberculosis. Methods: Totally 258 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus complicated with pulmonary tuberculosis hospitalized in a special hospital were selected and were randomly divided into 3 groups. Different amounts of protein were given for 3 months, i.e. basic heat +1.0 g/(kg·d) (group A), +1.2 g/(kg·d) (group B), +1.5 g/(kg·d) (group C). The changes of blood glucose, blood lipid, protein metabolism and oxidative stress indices were compared. Results: After intervention, FBG, 2hPBG, HbAlc, TG and LDL showed a downward trend, HDL showed an upward trend; Hb, ALB, TP and PA showed an upward trend; SOD, Vitamin C and Vitamin E showed an upward trend, MDA showed a downward trend, all these trend were statistically significant (P<0.05), while the trend of Cr and BUN showed no statistical significance (P>0.05). Conclusion: The protein diet intervention can improve the nutritional status of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus complicated with pulmonary tuberculosis, and provide scientific basis for the management of patients with diet contradiction. It is suggested that the protein diet plan should be included in the overall treatment plan.

Objective: To translate the English version of Sieloff-King Assessment of Work Team?/ Group Empowerment with Organization (SKAWTGEO) into Chinese, and to test the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the SKAWTGEO. Methods: SKAWTGEO was administered to 563 nurses and evaluated for the reliability and validity. The Chinese version of SKAWTGEO was then revised and the final version of the scale was formed accordingly. Results: The Cronbach's α of SKAWTGEO was 0.913, the test-retest reliability was 0.929, and the Content Validity Index was 0.950. Six factors were extracted by exploratory factor analysis and could explain 75.127% of the total variance. The confirmatory factor analysis revealed a good fit model. Conclusion: The Chinese version of the SKAWTGEO is reliable and valid, and can be used to measure group empowerment among nurses.

Objective: To analyze the characteristics of nursing projects funded by National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) and research contents, and further to provide reference and guidance for nursing researches. Methods: We extracted the nursing projects funded by NSFC by questionnaires and websites. Results: There were total 137 nursing projects funded by NSFC from 2006-2019 with 67 (48.9%) general projects, 58(42.3%) youth fund projects. 78 projects were applicable from Department of Management Sciences, in which 81 projects were under the fist-disciplines "G04 Macro-Management and Policy” and 78 projects were under the second-disciplines “G0406 Health Management and Policy". Main targets were the elderly and chronic non-communicable diseases (such as cancer, diabetes, cardio-cerebrovascular diseases, musculoskeletal disease, et al.), and researches focused on patients’ health management and symptom interventions to improve their ability to cope with diseases and their life quality. Conclusion: The elderly and chronic population are the main targets in nursing projects funded by NSFC, and research contents mainly focus on health management and symptom intervention during course of disease.

This paper examines the value of nurses under epidemic situation of severe infectious diseases from the perspective of nurses playing an important role in fighting against COVID-19.This paper also explores the protection of nurses in the current legal system and its insufficiencies, thus, to advocate for nurse legislation by taking the prevention and control of the epidemic situation of COVID-19 as an opportunity.

Objective: To determine the coping capacity of nurses from Shanghai aiding Hubei province to fight against COVID-19 and its influencing factors. Methods: 119 nurses from three grade A hospitals in Shanghai working on the frontline against COVID-19 were recruited for the questionnaire survey. Results: the average score of the scale of coping capacity to treat infectious disease emergencies of nurses was 3.76±0.57. Compared with the normal situation, the total score of the scale and the scores of all dimensions except the dimension of "response to infectious disease emergencies under specific circumstances" were significantly higher (P<0.05). The scores of responses to infectious disease emergencies, monitoring, reporting and laws and regulations were relatively low. The results of influencing factor analysis showed that nurses' coping capacity to infectious disease emergencies was affected by their education level, training of infectious diseases, protection and emergency response processes. Conclusion: The coping ability of the nurses in Hubei province was on a relatively high level, but there were also some weak points in them which needed to be improved through efficient training, including the characteristics of infectious diseases, diagnosis and treatment, protective measures, emergency responses. In addition, nurses with a higher education level who could deal with infectious diseases in a more professional and efficient way should play a more important role in the professional and scientific researches of epidemic responses.

Objective: To understand the psychological status and coping styles of pregnant women who had registered for prenatal care in Grade-A tertiary hospitals in Beijing during the outbreak of COVID-19. Methods: The psychological health assessment scale (Kessler 10) and the Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire (SCSQ) were used to investigate and analyze pregnant women undergoing prenatal check-ups in Class A tertiary comprehensive hospitals in Beijing. Results: The psychological status of 408 subjects was basically normal with 29.41% showing poor mental health. In the face of an epidemic situation, both the positive response score and negative response score of pregnant women were higher than those of the norm situation, and the difference was statistically significant; the score of the positive coping dimension in the group with good mental health was significantly higher than that in the group with poor mental health (P<0.05), and the score in the negative coping dimension was significantly lower than that in the group with poor mental health (P<0.05). Conclusion: In the context of novel coronavirus infection, healthcare providers were supposed to offer pregnant women scientific guidance, authentic and reliable platform for health education, and actively guide them to adopt positive coping strategies to adjust their mental states. In order to fundamentally solve the actual problems and psychological concerns of pregnant women, it was recommended to provide flexible and innovative appointments for maternity examinations from the medical treatment process.

Objective: To search, evaluate and summarize the available evidence on safe infant sleeping environment for the prevention of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS). Methods: We searched BMJ Best Practice, UpToDate, Joanna Briggs Institute Library, Cochrane Library and other database to collect relevant clinical decision support, best practice recommendations, evidence summaries, clinical practice guidelines, technical reports, expert consensus, and systematic reviews. After evaluating the quality of studies and the level of the evidence, we extracted and summarized the available evidence based on their themes. Results: Eleven references were retrieved including 1 technical report, 2 clinical decision support, 1 guideline and 7 systematic reviews. Nine items of evidence were summarized into the following 4 categories: infant sleeping position, location, environment and sleeping aids. Conclusion: Healthcare professionals and infant caregivers are supposed to improve their care activities according to evidences summarized in this study to ensure the safety of infant and prevent SIDS.

Objective: To systematically evaluate qualitative studies of cancer survivors’ experience regarding returning to work so as to provide evidences for nursing interventions. Methods: Relevant qualitative studies were retrieved from PubMed, Embase, CINHAL, Medline, Web of Science, PsycINFO, The Cochrane Library, CBM, Wanfang Data, CNKI and VIP from inception to December 2019. The Critical Appraisal Skills Programme for qualitative studies (2018 edition) was used to evaluate the quality of these studies. Meta-aggregation was applied to integrate the results. Results: Totally 10 original studies were included from which 66 research results were refined, 11 categories were summarized and 4 themes were synthesized including: cancer survivors returned to work with diversified motivations; many factors could affect this process; various needs were involved for cancer survivors to return to work; cancer survivors were experienced in successfully returning to work. Conclusion: Cancer survivors had encountered many challenges in returning to work. Nurses should understand their feelings and successful experiences acquired during returning to work, which could provide references and guidance for the construction of targeted vocational rehabilitation programs, and increase the chance of their returning to work.

Objective: To analyze the current situation and influencing factors of nurses' resilience, and to provide a reference basis for developing intervention programs for nurses' resilience in China. Methods: From November to December 2019, a convenient sampling method was used to collect data from a total of 70932 nurses nationwide using an online survey. Single factor analysis and linear regression analysis were conducted on nurses' resilience. Results: The mean score of resilience of nurses was 90.49±15.71. Hospital level, age, professional title, marital status, working years, personal annual income, children situation, work-family conflict level entered the model of nurses' resilience, which accounted for 6.5% of total variation. Conclusion: The resilience of nurses was low and affected by a variety of factors. Among them, work-family conflict was the main influencing factor. The nurses' resilience can be improved by reducing work-family conflict.

Pressure injury (Pressure sores/Pressure ulcer) is a potentially preventable but common adverse event which can cause pain, discomfort, anxiety to patients and add significant costs to the healthcare system. In November 2019, the third edition of the Prevention and Treatment of Pressure Ulcers/Injuries: Clinical Practice Guideline developed jointly by the European Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel, the National Pressure Injury Advisory Panel, and the Pan Pacific Pressure Injury Alliance was officially published. Built on the research evidences included in the 2014 edition, the 2019 edition of the guideline was developed using a revised methodology which expanded the inclusion scope of study, and made recommendations that reflected the latest evidences. This article will summarize the key contents of the 2019 edition of the guideline, and compare the updated content against the previous edition which will hopefully help clinicians and caregivers develop a clear understanding of the updated content of the latest guideline. It is also hoped that this understanding and awareness will promote better uptake of the international clinical practice guideline which may ultimately improve clinical practice in the prevention and treatment of pressure injuries.

Objective: To construct the information chain management mode of large-scale equipment in operating room. Methods: In this study, we analyzed and controlled the key nodes analyzed and controlled by the chain management process of large-scale instruments and equipment in operating room, and the information nurses developed the information platform for the management of large-scale instruments and equipment. Results: The related indexes of equipment management in the department showed that the average time required for instrument and equipment registration, the time of monthly statistical analysis was greatly shortened, the qualified rate of registration was raised to 98.0%, and the cost accounting was saved by 2220 yuan per year. From five aspects of perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, attitude tendency, behavioral intention and application behavior, nursing staff held positive views, and the correlation degree between the path coefficients of each structure was high and significant. The cross-departmental related indexes showed that the time of equipment use status query time, equipment basic information query time and maintenance personnel arrival time were greatly shortened, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: Focusing on user experience in R & D process can promote the positive development of the system, establish a multi-system information transmission way to achieve multi-level information chain management, and give full play to the positive role of information nurses in R & D process, which is undoubtedly a new mode of information development under the condition of limited existing resources.

Objective: To understand the user's experience and satisfaction of the Tangbao follow-up app, which is a continuous care application for children with type 1 diabetes. Methods: Following convenient sampling, between July and September 2019, families of children with diabetes who visited the diabetes clinic at the Beijing Children's Hospital were invited to use the Tangbao application and completed the general information questionnaire and app user experience questionnaire. The user's experience questionnaire evaluated the aspects related to the service, operation, affection and safety regarding the use of the app. Results: A total of 226 families participated in the study and completed the survey. They reported relevantly high scores regarding the four dimensions on users experience and satisfaction. The payment method for medical treatment, the grade of children, main caregivers' education level and the frequency of using the app had a significant impact on users' experience and satisfaction regarding the app. Conclusion: The implementation of continuous care app such as Tangbao has solved some problems in the management of children with type 1 diabetes mellitus, and it has gained high recognition among users but with needs for further improvement.

Objective: This prospective study investigated device-related complications of arm port implanted in the upper arm of the patients with breast cancer. Methods: Between May 2016 and September 2019, 770 women with breast cancer who received chemotherapy and implanted a arm port in the upper arm were included. Device-related complications were collected and influencing factors were analyzed for major complications. Results: The incidence of complications in 770 patients with arm port was 34, and the rate of complications was 0.218‰ catheter-days. Among them, venous catheter-related infection and catheter-related thrombosis were the most common complications, occurring in 13 and 8, respectively. Other complications were arrhythmia, catheter shift, tube blockage, and persistent pain. Patients with higher Body Mass Index(BMI) and longer implantation times had significantly higher rate of infection and venous thrombosis (P<0.05). Patient's TNM staging affected infection (P<0.05). Conclusion: The technique of arm port is safe and feasible, with a low rate of complications. For breast cancer patients, arm port is a better tool for intravenous chemotherapy.

This paper summarizes the definition, characteristics, implementation process and matters needing attention of family-centered rounds, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of family-centered rounds in ICU, aiming at providing reference for improving the existing mode of ICU rounds in China.

Ankle pump exercise is an important part of early rehabilitation after surgery. It can prevent the formation of deep venous thrombosis of the lower extremities. However, the evidence showed that the procedures on routine ankle pump exercise has not been standardized. This article discussed the significance, mechanism, details, clinical applications, implementational obstacles and strategies in conducting the ankle pump exercise. In summary, we expected to establish a refined and standardized ankle pump exercise strategy to assist patients' rehabilitation.

This article summarized the non-pharmaceutical intervention for Cancer Related Cognitive Dysfunction, including cognitive rehabilitation training, physical activities and acupuncture. It is expected to improve the quality of life of cancer patients, and provide a scientific basis for the treatment and cognitive training programs of patients with Cancer Related Cognitive Dysfunction.

This paper introduces the risk factors and non-drug intervention of weight gain after kidney transplantation, clinicians should pay attention to overweight or obesity issues after kidney transplantation. It is suggested that prospective studies of weight changes after kidney transplantation in China be carried out to provide references for clinical practice and researches.

Objective: To explore the changes of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and social support in ICU survivors, and analyze the relationship among HRQoL, social support and nursing sensitive outcomes (NSO). Methods: We investigated 112 critically ill patients by health status questionnaire (SF-36) and Perceived Social Support Scale (PSSS) in the ICU of a hospital from March 2017 to March 2019, and recorded their NSO and incidence. Results: The scores of SF-36 for all dimensions of ICU survivors at 6 months after discharge were higher than those at 1 month after discharge (P<0.05).The scores of PSSS of ICU survivors at 6 months after discharge were higher than those at 1 month after discharge (P<0.05). Family support, ventilator-associated pneumonia, pressure ulcers, urinary incontinence and associated dermatitis were independent factors affecting ICU survivors' HRQoL at 6 months after discharge (P<0.05). Conclusion: Social support can improve the HRQOL of ICU survivors, especially family support, while the NSO may harm it.

The paper reviews the concept and measurements of relocation stress, and the research progress, including causes and preventive measures of relocation stress for the elderly in nursing home, in order to provide reference for intervention of relocation stress in the elderly.

Objective: To study the effect of Fracture Liaison Service (FLS) led by specialized nurses for the elderly patients with hip fracture. Methods: The implementation of FLS was based on the establishment of a multidisciplinary team, with the elderly orthopedic specialized nurses as the whole-process coordinator, to identify and evaluate osteoporosis patients, initiate FLS related treatment, follow up, monitor and construct information database. The osteoporosis diagnosis rate and treatment rate of the elderly hip fracture patients before and after the implementation of FLS were compared between geriatric hip fracture ward and general trauma orthopedic ward. Results: The osteoporosis diagnosis rate and treatment rate were higher in patients in the geriatric hip fracture ward and the general trauma orthopedic ward after the implementation of FLS than before the implementation of FLS (P<0.05), and the osteoporosis diagnosis rate and treatment rate were higher in patients in the geriatric hip fracture ward than in the general trauma orthopedic ward after the implementation of FLS (P<0.05). Conclusion: The FLS model, which is led by the senior orthopedic specialized nurses, increases the diagnosis rate and treatment rate of osteoporosis, and helps to reduce the incidence of secondary fracture.

Objective: To explore the effects of virtual reality on balance function and gross motor function in children with spastic cerebral palsy. Methods: From June 2018 to September 2019, a total of 48 children with cerebral palsy from 6 to 11 years old in a tertiary grade A hospital were divided into the experimental group and the control group by random number table, with 24 patients in each group. The control group was treated with routine rehabilitation, including occupational therapy and neurodevelopmental therapy; the experimental group was treated with virtual reality training on the basis of conventional rehabilitation therapy with 3 months. The balance function and gross motor function in two groups were compared. Results: Before the intervention, there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in the Berg Balance Scale score (P>0.05) and the Gross Motor Function Measure-88 score (P>0.05). After the intervention, the scores of Berg Balance Scale and Gross Motor Function Measure-88 of intervention group were significantly higher than those of the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Virtual reality technology can improve the balance function and gross motor function of children with cerebral palsy.

This paper reviewed the research progress of the Mindfulness Based Intervention in stable COPD patients, summarized the primary methods of mindfulness intervention, and analyzed the impacts of mindfulness interventions on physical and mental health outcomes, and to provide reference for the implementation of effective mindfulness based interventions in stable COPD patients in China.

Patient dignity has become a hot issue of concern to scholars at home and abroad, yet the research on patient dignity assessment tools is still in its infancy at present. This paper introduces the content, preparation processes, reliability and validity, scoring methods of different dignity assessment tools, summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of the commonly used dignity assessment tools, reviews the research progress of the dignity assessment tools, and provides a reference for a comprehensive and accurate assessment of patients' dignity status.

The authors reviews the peer support training in Canada, focusing on its' background, models, places of implementation, training time and methods, training modes and corresponding certifications. It can provide some references for establishing our own peer support training programs in China.

This paper reviewed the situation of Public Health Nurses in Japan, the educational objectives and requirements, curriculum, employment situation of Public Health Nursing undergraduate programs, as well as the National Qualification Examination for Public Health Nurses. This paper provides references to carry out Public Health Nursing personnel training and establish a suitable education system in China.