关键词: 新生儿；低体温；转运；系统评价

Abstract: Objective: To analyze the risk factors for neonatal hypothermia at admission and provide references for clinical prevention and interventions. Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted in both domestic and international databases for cohort studies, case-control studies, and cross-sectional studies related to factors influencing neonatal hypothermia at admission. The search period covered the inception of the databases up to February 28, 2025. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4 to calculate the pooled Odds Ratios (OR) for each influencing factor. Results: A total of 12 studies were included in the systematic review, including 3 case-control studies, 7 cohort studies, and 2 cross-sectional studies. The case group consisted of 7096 cases, and the control group consisted of 4367 cases in the control group. The Meta-analysis showed that the main factors influencing neonatal hypothermia at admission were: 5-minute Apgar score ≥7 (OR=0.57), prenatal corticosteroid use (OR=0.47), birth weight <2500 g (OR=3.61), resuscitation experience (OR=3.14), cesarean section (OR=1.39), delayed breastfeeding (OR=2.79), asphyxia experience (OR=3.97), 1-minute Apgar score ≥7 (OR=0.48), multiple pregnancies (OR=1.67), maternal obstetric complications (OR=5.26), and transport in cold season (OR=2.31). Conclusion: The occurrence of neonatal hypothermia at admission is influenced by multiple factors. Therefore, targeted preventive measures should be implemented for neonates at admission to reduce the incidence of neonatal hypothermia.

Key words: newborn; hypothermia; transport; Meta-analysis