关键词: 皮瓣移植；温度测量；非接触式红外线测温仪；血管危象；皮瓣血供

Abstract: Objective: To analyze the relationship between the temperature changes of the flap after flap transplantation, blood supply, and prognosis, in order to timely detect skin flap blood flow disorders, reduce the incidence of complications, improve nursing quality, and improve patient prognosis. Methods: Sixty-five hospitalized flap transplantation patients were included from December 2021 to December 2023. Starting from the first postoperative day, the "five-point temperature" of the flap, capillary response, and flap color were observed every 2 hours for 5 consecutive days. The flap's blood supply, hospitalization duration, and prognosis were recorded. Results: The "five-point temperature" on postoperative days 1 to 5 were from 35.87±0.48 °C to 36.20±0.18 °C. Vascular crises occurred in 11 patients (16.9%), with 10.8% (n=7) experiencing venous crises and 6.2% (n=4) arterial crises. Correlation analysis showed that the "five-point temperature" on postoperative days 1 to 3 was negatively correlated with vascular crises (r=-0.621, -0.523, -0.462; all P<0.001) and flap necrosis (r=-0.492, -0.649, -0.739; all P<0.001). In the normal blood supply group, the flaps achieved primary healing with an average hospital stay of 24.24±10.97 days. In the venous crisis group, the flaps survived after treatment, with an average hospital stay of 39.00±11.51 days. In the arterial crisis group, the flaps experienced necrosis requiring additional surgery, with an average hospital stay of 52.33±14.30 days. The differences in hospital stay among the three groups were significant (P<0.001). Conclusion: The "five-point temperature" of the flap gradually increased from postoperative days 1 to 5. If the temperature is below 36.05 °C on days 1 to 3, vascular crisis should be suspected, and if it is below 35.70 °C, flap necrosis should be suspected. Therefore, accurately monitoring flap temperature is crucial for the early detection and management of vascular crises and necrosis, as well as for improving flap prognosis.

Key words: flap transplantation; temperature measurement; non-contact infrared thermometer; vascular crisis; flap blood supply