Abstract: Objective: To introduce High Reliability Organization Theory to standardize the management of unintentional injury of pediatric inpatients, and to reduce the incidence of unintentional injury of pediatric inpatients. Methods: Based on High Reliability Organization Theory, the management system of pediatric inpatient unintentional injury adverse events was established and implemented. Results: After applying High Reliability Organization Theory to manage pediatric unintentional injury, the incidence of unintentional injury was reduced by 0.061‰. The implementation rate of pediatric unintentional injury quality management indicators and nurses' ability to deal with unintentional injury were significantly improved (all P<0.05). Conclusion: The management practice of pediatric accidental injuries based on High Reliability Organization Theory can effectively reduce the incidence of unintentional injury of pediatric inpatients, improve the management ability of nursing staff to deal with unintentional injury of pediatric inpatients, and ensure the safety of patients.

Key words: pediatrics; inpatient; unintentional injury; High Reliability Organization Theory; nursing risk