Abstract: Objective: To systematically analyze the risk factors of delirium observed in pediatric ICU so as to provide clinical evidences and guidance for early prevention of such situations. Methods: Studies regarding risk factors of delirium observed in children during their stay in ICU were retrieved and collected from various databases including PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, CBMWEB, CNKI, VIP Database and WanFang Database since the time of their construction till July 10, 2020. Two staff were appointed to do the work independently of literature screening, data extracting and quality evaluation in accordance with the criteria. Then all the data were Meta-analyzed through Stats 14.0. Results: In the end 7 papers were included in the study containing 3398 objects in total with 808 cases in the experiment group and 2590 cases in the control group. And 26 risk factors were extracted at last. Meta-analysis showed that developmental retardation, mechanical ventilation, Benzodiazepines and age were major risk factors causing delirium in children admitted to ICU. Conclusion: Based on the existing evidences, children with developmental retardation, receiving mechanical ventilation and Benzodiazepines are more liable to have delirium in ICU. Since the relationship between occurrence of delirium and age is negative, younger patients tend to have higher risks of delirium. The evidences about risk factors of delirium in pediatric ICU patients at present are far from sufficiency with discrepancies of research samples, assessing tools and frequency of assessment among different studies. Thus more quality studies will be needed for further validation.

Key words: delirium; ICU; risk factors; children; Meta-analysis