Abstract: Objective: To develop an exercise intervention program for community-dwelling pre-frail older adults with diabetes, and to provide a reference for improving the frailty status of this population. Methods: The Capacity, Opportunity, Motivation-Behavior (COM-B) model was used as the theoretical foundation, and the exercise intervention program for community-dwelling pre-frail older adults with diabetes was initially constructed based on searching the relevant domestic and international literature and summarizing the evidence. The program was revised through two rounds of Delphi expert consultation to form the final intervention program from March to April 2024. Results: A total of 15 experts participated in the two rounds of Delphi expert consultation, and the effective recovery rates of the questionnaires were 100.0% and 88.2%, respectively. The two rounds of expert authority coefficients were 0.841 and 0.847, respectively. The Kendall’ s harmony coefficients were 0.302 and 0.363, respectively (P<0.001). The mean value of importance of items ranged from 4.33 to 5.00 points. Finally, an exercise intervention program was formed, including 11 first-level items and 14 second-level items. Conclusion: The exercise intervention program for community-dwelling pre-frail older adults with diabetes is scientific, reasonable and operable, and can provide references for the implementation of exercise intervention for this population.

Key words: pre-frailty; diabetes; COM-B model; exercise intervention; Delphi method