关键词: 专科护士；专科护理；发展现状；影响因素

Abstract: The development of specialist nurses in China has shown steady growth driven by multiple factors, including policy and standardization support, growing social demand, innovative practical applications, advancements in higher education, and a more rigorous selection and training process. However, challenges, such as talent shortages, lack of standardized criteria, insufficient positions, gaps between education and practice, and uneven development persist. This article outlines the current status of specialist nurse development in China, analyzes both facilitating and constraining factors, and explores future trends, providing insights for the high-quality cultivation and advancement of specialist nurses.

Key words: specialist nurse; specialist nursing; development status; influencing factor