This article discusses Hong Kong's past and present tobacco control measures, including legislation, law enforcement, publicity, education, provision of smoking cessation services and taxation, and provides ideas for Hong Kong's future comprehensive tobacco control strategies and efforts to eliminate tobacco harm.

This article describes the effects of the implementation of Advanced Practice Nursing Transitional Care in Hong Kong Special Administrative Region. The development of the 4-Cs transitional care model, its challenges and lessons learned during the modelling process, and its relationship with Advanced Practice Nursing will be deliberated.

This paper introduces the experience and challenges in the cultivation of advanced practice nurses in Hong Kong, in order to provide reference for the cultivation of advanced nursing practice talents in China.

Objective: To examine the importance of health literacy to general population health and its impact on nursing practice. Methods: This study systematically searched the databases including PubMed and CINAHL to collect studies about the impact of health literacy on the health of Hong Kong residents and nursing practice. The included studies were also integrated and analysed. Results: Health literacy was found to be associated with disease prevention (such as identifying diabetes), chronic illness management (hypertension, stroke and cancer), mental health (depression, schizophrenia) and cognitive health. The health literacy of individuals are also affected by factors such as their age, cultural differences, language abilities and education level. Conclusion: Related research on health literacy can provide theoretical and practical basis for health promotion and health education activities. It is expected that research on digital health literacy will increase in the future. Nurses are recommended to develop interventions to improve patients' and caregivers' health literacy and health outcomes through innovative strategies.

This article reviews the development of oncology nurses' role, training, education, practice and service provision in Hong Kong, highlighting the development and transformation of oncology specialty over the past more than two decades; reflecting the importance of the contribution made by oncology nurses in cancer control and the quality of cancer care; suggesting the directions and roles crucial for the future development of nursing practice that require continuous efforts from the clinical, academic and professional bodies to meet this goal.

Objective: To explore the effects of mindfulness decompression therapy administered both online and offline on anxiety and depression and life quality of patients receiving aneurysm surgery. Methods: A total of 67 patients given aneurysm surgery in the Department of Neurosurgery of a tertiary grade A hospital were divided into the experimental group and the control group with 34 cases in the former and 33 in the latter. The control group received routine nursing both online and offline, while the experimental group received online-offline integrated mindfulness decompression therapy in addition to routine care. Then the anxiety, depression and life quality of the two groups were evaluated and compared before and after the intervention by the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), the Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) and the Short-Form (SF)-36 Health Survey Scale. Results: After the intervention, the SAS and SDS scores of the experimental group were lower than those of the control group (P<0.05). After the intervention, the total score of life quality in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group (P<0.05) as well as its three dimensions including physiological function, physical pain and emotional function (P<0.05). Conclusion: Mindfulness decompression therapy given both online and offline can effectively alleviate the degree of anxiety and depression of patients with aneurysms and improve their quality of life.

Objective: To investigate the compliance of gastroscopy screening in high risk people of upper gastrointestinal cancer and analyze the influencing factors. Methods: A self-designed questionnaire on gastroscopy screening behavior for high-risk groups of upper gastrointestinal cancer and a general data questionnaire was used to investigate 653 people at high risk of upper gastrointestinal cancer in Nanchang. Results: Among the 653 people at high risk of upper gastrointestinal cancer, 510 (78.1%) had screening intention, and 380 (58.2%) completed gastroscopy. The degree of education, physical exercise, warning symptoms, knowledge level, crisis, benefit, impairment and subjective norms were the influencing factors of gastroscopy screening behavior of upper gastrointestinal cancer. Conclusion: People at high risk of upper gastrointestinal cancer have good overall screening intention, but the gastroscopy screening rate is low. We should strengthen the publicity of upper gastrointestinal cancer and early screening knowledge, improve residents' early screening awareness and risk perception of cancer, and effectively improve the gastroscopy screening rate of upper gastrointestinal cancer, so as to better prevent and control upper gastrointestinal cancer.

Objective: To adapt the Social Support Scale for Exercise into the Pregnancy Physical Activity Social Support Scale (P-PASSS), and to test its reliability and validity. Methods: The P-PASSS was adapted from the Social Support Scale for Exercise based on literature review and interviews with pregnant women, adjusted and revised the items through pilot study. Using the convenience sampling method, 495 pregnant women were selected to test the reliability and validity of the P-PASSS. Results: The P-PASSS included 4 dimensions and had 24 items in total. The content validity index of the scale was S-CVI/UA=0.92, S-CVI/AVE=0.98. The Cronbach's α coefficient was 0.95. The test-retest reliability coefficient after 2 weeks was 0.88. Four common factors were extracted by exploratory factor analysis and the cumulative variance contribution rate was 78.88%. The results of confirmatory factor analysis showed that the model fits well, indicating that the factor structure of the questionnaire was stable. Conclusion: The P-PASSS has good reliability and validity, which can be used to evaluate social support regarding pregnant women's physical activity.

Objective: To construct a nursing skill system for the prevention and control of diabetic foot based on the three-level prevention mode. Methods: The contents of the diabetic foot prevention and control nursing skill system were determined by literature review and Delphi method. Results: The effective recovery rate of the two rounds of expert consultation questionnaires was 93.8% and 100.0%. The authority coefficients were 0.877 and 0.927. Kendall's harmony coefficients were 0.208 and 0.136 (P<0.05). Finally, the diabetic foot prevention and control nursing skill system was formed, including 3 first-level items and 13 second-level items and 57 third-level items. Conclusion: The diabetic foot prevention and control nursing skills system constructed is scientific, reasonable, practical and targeted, which can provide a reference for the determination and improvement of nursing staff training and teaching projects on diabetic foot prevention and control, and evaluation of diabetic foot prevention and control in different institutions.

Objective: To analyze the effects of the emotion management programme based on the Emotional Intelligence Model (EIM) on depression, anxiety, emotional direction and self-injurious behavior in patients with Bipolar Depression. Methods: Patients in depression phase of Bipolar Disorder admitted from November 2019 to April 2021 to Shanghai Mental Health Center were included with 50 patients admitted from November 2019 to June 2020 being the control group and another 53 from June 2020 to April 2021 as the experimental group. Patients in the control group received conventional treatment and nursing, while those in the intervention group were given the EIM-based emotion management programme for 8 weeks in addition. The application effects were recorded using the General Information Questionnaire, Hamilton Depression Scale-24 (HAMD-24), Positive And Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS), Berkeley Expression Questionnaire (BEQ) and number of self-injurious behaviors. Results: The depression in the intervention group at the 8th week got significantly better than that in the control group (P<0.001). Besides the positive and nagative emotional experiences and the expression tendency of positive emotion in the intervention group scored significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.001), and the number of self-injuries in the intervention group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: The results show that the EIM-based emotion management programme can help patients with Bipolar Disorder to improve their mood, reduce number of self-injurious behaviors, enhance their willingness to express positive emotions, so that to stabilize their emotions.

Objective: To explore the correlation between Revised Trauma Score (RTS) and hypothermia in patients with acute trauma, and to construct a Nomogram model to predict the risk of hypothermia in patients with acute trauma based on the RTS results. Methods: A total of 239 patients with acute trauma admitted in the emergency trauma center of a tertiary grade A hospital from January 2016 to February 2020 were selected. The general clinical data, laboratory examination results and hypothermia of all the participants were recorded, and the degree of trauma was evaluated by RTS. Patients were divided into hypothermia group (?10.5, SBP??0.86, and RTS Related Articles | Metrics

Objective: To explore the effect of spouse-based self-disclosure intervention on psychological distress and intimate relationship in patients with prostate cancer during radiotherapy. Methods: By using convenient sampling method, 46 patients with prostate cancer during radiotherapy hospitalized in a tertiary tumor specialist hospital from April to August 2020 and their spouses were selected as the control group, and 43 patients hospitalized from April to August 2021 and their spouses were selected as experimental group. Chinese version of Distress Disclosure Index (DDI), 10-item Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10) and the Quality of Relationship Index (QRI) were used to evaluate before intervention, after intervention and 1 month and 3 months after discharge. Results: The results of repeated measure analysis of variance showed that the intergroup effect and time effect were statistically significant different in self-disclosure, psychological distress degree, the satisfaction of intimate relationship between the two groups (P<0.05), and the interaction effect between intervention and time factor was significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: Self-disclosure intervention can improve the satisfaction of intimate relationship in patients with prostate cancer during radiotherapy, and reduce the degree of psychological distress of patients.

Objective: To investigate the knowledge needs of home care in patients with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and care needs from their primary caregivers. Methods: From June 2020 to May 2021, eligible patients with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and their primary caregivers in a tertiary grade A hospital in Beijing were included in this study following convenient sampling. Information about patients and their primary caregivers were collected using questionnaires, and their care needs were collected using the home care knowledge demand questionnaire. Results: A total of 203 valid questionnaires were collected during the study period, including 101 patients with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and 102 primary caregivers. There were 23.76% an 25.49% of ALS patients and their primary caregivers participated in home care knowledge training, respectively. Based on participants' response, the main method in acquiring home care knowledge was online resources, followed by medical staff. Compared with patients with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, the primary caregivers had a higher demand for home care knowledge training (P=0.032), with "respiratory care" being scored as the highest. Meanwhile, patients with ALS and their primary caregivers reported that they preferred to acquire knowledge through video playback first, followed by WeChat public account/ WeChat group. Conclusion: ALS patients and their primary caregivers have a high demand for knowledge on home care. It is recommended that relevant departments should increase the dissemination of health education on home care knowledge, especially contents on respiratory home care, which can be conducted through video or Wechat public account/ Wechat group and other methods to meet patients' needs.

Objective: To investigate the status quo of the partnership between pediatric nurses and children's parents and analyze the influencing factors. Methods: From September to December 2021, the convenience sampling method was used to investigate the pediatric nurses in 14 tertiary grade A hospitals in Hainan province. The general data questionnaire, the Pediatric Nurse Parent Partnership Scale (PNPPS), the nurse moral courage scale and the nurse occupational deviance behavior scale were used. Results: The PNPPS score of pediatric nurses was 142.05±13.78. The score of moral courage scale for nurses was 73.88±4.23. The score of occupational deviant behavior scale for nurses was 26.85±9.28. Multiple regression analysis showed that the main factors influencing the PNPPS scores of pediatric nurses were moral courage, professional deviant behavior, nursing age, children and professional title (all P<0.05), which could explain 40.4% of the variation of PNPPS scores of pediatric nurses. Conclusion: The partnership between pediatric nurses and children's parents was above the average level. Nursing manager can promote nurses' moral courage and professional deviant behavior, and focus on nursing staff with short nursing experience, no children at home, and low professional title, to further strengthen the development of partnership, so as to promote the improvement of nursing quality.

Objective: To systematically evaluate and integrate the qualitative research evidence related to the experience of caring of patients with stroke based on Information and Communications Technology (ICT) by caregivers so as to better meet the care needs of stroke caregivers and further promote the practical application of ICT based supportive care in China. Methods: The relevant databases were comprehensively searched. Qualitative studies on stroke caregivers' perceptions and experiences of ICT supported care were screened. The methodological quality of the included articles was evaluated using the JBI Critical Appraisal Tool for qualitative studies of Australia, and the results were integrated using the Meta-integration. Results: A total of 33 research findings were extracted from 8 studies, and 8 new categories were formed by summarizing similar research findings. Three new integrated findings were obtained. These 3 new integrated findings were positive experience of supportive care using ICT technology, barriers to use of ICT technology in supportive care, and caregivers' preferences and expectations for supportive care based on ICT technology. Conclusion: The use of ICT at home is a complex process for stroke caregivers. Clinical and community medical staff should pay full attention to the relevant experience, preferences and needs of stroke caregivers for ICT technology supportive care, strengthen ICT technology support, and enrich the form and contents of ICT technology supportive care services. Caregivers' acceptance will be futher improved, their care burdens will be reduced and the health outcomes of stroke patients will be improved.

Objective: To establish and evaluate the effect of the Long Term Domiciliary Oxygen Therapy (LTDOT)management program for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) patients in a trinity model including hospital, community and family. Methods: Firstly, a comprehensive search of relevant clinical practice guidelines on LTDOT management plan for COPD patients at home and abroad was conducted with the Knowledge To Action (KTA) Framework as the theoretical guidance. The results were then analyzed and combined with clinical practice, upon which the trinity LTDOT management plan for COPD patients was established. A total of 64 COPD patients admitted from early July 2020 to the end of December 2020 were selected as the research objects who were divided into the intervention group and the control group using random number method. The control group was given routine care while the intervention group received the hospital-community-family model of LTDOT care management plan for COPD patients aside from routine care to evaluate and compare their knowledge and compliance of LTDOT, quality of life, oxygen therapy duration, hospitalization expenses, etc. Results: The LTDOT knowledge score, compliance score, oxygen therapy duration and quality of life scores of the intervention group were higher than those of the control group with the difference being statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: The trinity model significantly prolongs the patient's LTDOT time, improves their knowledge, compliance and life quality.

Objective: To construct the quality evaluation index system for transitional care of pediatric patients with chronic diseases. Methods: Literature review and semi-structured interview were performed to form the initial quality indicators, the Donabedian structure-process-outcome quality of care model was used to organize those quality indicators to form the questionnaire for Delphi expert inquiry. Then two rounds of Delphi experts survey were performed to evaluate the importance and clarity of each indicators. At last, administrative experts from government, hospital, and patient family represents were gathered together to evaluate the comprehensibility of each indicator and the value of outcome indicators in socioeconomic areas to form the final evaluation index system. Results: 22 experts finished the expert inquiry. The effective recovery rate of the two rounds were 91.67% and 100.00%, respectively, expert authority coefficients were 0.866 and 0.877, Kendall coordination coefficient were 0.156 and 0.176 (P<0.01). Expert demonstrated and adjusted the indicators one by one. The final evaluation index system for transitional care quality of pediatric including 3 first-level indicators, 12 secondary-level indicators and 56 third-level indicators. Conclusion: The evaluation index system for transitional care quality of pediatric is a scientific, comprehensive and practical evaluation tool.

Objective: To formulate a scientific and standardized breast cancer follow-up checklist based on patients participation, and provide effective tool support for postoperative patients with breast cancer. Methods: The first draft of follow-up checklist was constructed based on guidelines and literature review. The contents of the checklist were further revised through structured interviews with patients after breast cancer surgery. The Delphi method was used to consult 16 experts, and the follow-up checklist was finally constructed. Results: The degree of enthusiasm of the experts in the two rounds of expert consultation was 80.0% and 100.0% respectively, the expert authority was 0.940, and the coordination coefficient was 0.239 and 0.187 respectively (P<0.001). The final follow-up checklist included 3 first-level indicators, 11 secondary-level indicators and 46 third-level indicators. Conclusion: The follow-up checklist of breast cancer patients is reliable and practical. It can provide effective tool support for medical staff to conduct standardized follow-up management of breast cancer patients.

Objective: To understand the real experience of disease management at home of elderly patients with chronic heart failure to provide reference for intervention and management. Methods: Using descriptive phenomenological research approaches, semi-structured interviews were conducted in 22 elderly patients with chronic heart failure, and information was analyzed using the Colaizzi 7-step analysis. Results: Four themes were summarized based on the interviews: heavy burden of disease management; insecurity as an important psychological burden; family and caregivers are spiritual support; different coping attitudes. Conclusion: A proper understanding of the challenges faced by elderly patients with chronic heart failure in the process of disease management at home, focusing on patients' experiences, and exploring targeted intervention should be the focus of future intervention studies.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of the near miss organizational learning scheme which was developed based on the 4I Framework of Organizational Learning. Methods: A quasi-experimental research based on the near miss organizational learning scheme in the emergency department was conducted from July to November 2021, and compared the near miss organizational learning behavior and its performance before and after the intervention. Results: After the intervention, the recognition ability of near miss, the intention and conduction of second-order problem solving behavior following near miss, the group level learning performance and organizational learning behavior have been improved. Additionally, we have collected 100 near misses during the intervention which reflected the current status of risk reasonably. Conclusion: This scheme can effectively improve the behavior and effect of near miss organizational learning, and can provide a reference for other medical and health organizations in the future.

This paper reviews the occurrence status, risk factors and preventive measures of Aspiration Pneumonia in hospitalized stroke patients, aims to provide reference for preventing and managing Aspiration Pneumonia of the population.

Objective: To introduce and test the reliability and validity of the Participant Activation for Management of Back Pain Questionnaire (PAMQ) for nurses. Methods: PAMQ was translated and translated back according to Brislin translation model, and the Chinese version of PAMQ was culturally adjusted and revised through expert consultation and preliminary investigation. A questionnaire survey was conducted among 258 nurses from three grade A hospitals from October 2021 to January 2022 to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of PAMQ. Results: The Chinese version of PAMQ retains 11 items, and 3 common factors were extracted after exploratory factor analysis. The cumulative variance contribution rate reached 58.937%. The content validity index of each item level ranged from 0.83 to 1.00, and the average content validity index of the scale was 0.98. Using the Chinese version of patient activation scale as calibration scale, the calibration correlation was 0.991 (P<0.001). The Cronbach’s α coefficient of the total scale is 0.821, and the half-fold reliability is 0.779. The Cronbach’s α coefficient of each item ranges from 0.797 to 0.833. Conclusion: The Chinese version of PAMQ has good reliability and validity. It can be used to measure the occupational low back pain self-management of domestic nurses.

Objective: To study the disaster nursing ability and influencing factors of nursing reserve team members in public health emergencies. Methods: From June to July 2021, 939 nursing reserve team members were selected by convenience sampling method. The general data questionnaire, disaster nursing ability scale and resilience scale investigation were carried out by Questionnaire Star. Results: The total score of disaster nursing ability was 209.94±34.93. The results of multiple regression analysis indicated that emergency exercises for disaster nursing, systematic disaster nursing courses training and the total scores of self-acceptance, life acceptance and psychological resilience, aside from the nursing reserve team training offered by Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine were the factors affecting the disaster nursing ability of reserve nurses (P<0.05), which explained 43.7% of the total variance. Conclusion: The disaster nursing ability of reserve nursing team members is medium. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the training of disaster nursing knowledge, improve the level of disaster psychological preparation to effectively enhance their disaster nursing ability.

This article reviews the composition and effects of fresh breast milk, as well as the status and challenges of fresh breastfeeding for premature infants in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU), in order to provide reference for further research and construction of diversified support nursing programs that can maximize the demand of fresh breastfeeding for premature infants in the NICU and their families.

In August 2021, the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) published the 2021 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure. The new guidelines provide detailed information on the concept, classification, management process, pharmacological treatment and quality indicators of heart failure, and provide the latest evidence-based recommendations for clinical work. The article provides a nursing perspective on the management strategy of heart failure in the new guideline, focusing on three aspects: nursing model, nursing key points and multidisciplinary team management. It is expected to provide a basis for the establishment and update of nursing guidelines, standardize and improve the specialized nursing in patients with heart failure, in order to provide evidence-based guidance for clinical nursing practice.

Objective: To explore the effect of perianal skin care in the treatment of incontinence-related dermatitis in children with Hirschsprung's disease. Methods: Totally 116 children with Hirschsprung's disease who underwent Soave operation in our hospital from June to September 2020 were randomly divided into control group and experimental group. The Control Group received routine care for perianal skin, while the experimental group received different perianal skin care according to the type of intestinal segment. Results: The incidence of incontinence-related Dermatitis in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). There was significant difference in the severity of incontinence-related dermatitis between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusion: Different nursing measures can effectively prevent the occurrence of perianal skin incontinence-related dermatitis in children with Hirschsprung's disease after operation, which is worth popularizing in clinical nursing.

This article introduced the concept of Chemotherapy Related Cognitive Impairment (CRCI) in patients with breast cancer, the Theory of Unpleasant Symptoms (TOUS), influencing factors. Based on TOUS, the influencing factors were summarized from physiologic, psychological and situational levels of symptom. It is expected to provide a theoretical basis for early identification of CRCI and improve cognitive function in patients with breast cancer.

This article reviews the risk factors and risk prediction models of Arteriovenous Fistula failure in patients with Maintenance Hemodialysis nationally and internationally. We aimed to provide theoretical basis for development of local risk prediction models of Arteriovenous Fistula failure in patients with Maintenance Hemodialysis in China.

This paper reviewed the major contents, reliability and validity, application and limitations of patient activation related assessment tools at home and abroad. We also analyzed the existing problems and put forward related suggestions for the assessment tools. It is expected to provide a reference for the localized development of patient activation related assessment tools and carry out related research.

This article introduced the development, basic content, and operating procedures of Sequential Multiple-Assignment Randomized Trial, analyzed its application and prospects in nursing research, in order to provide suggestions for the construction and optimization of multi-component intervention programs.

This paper reviews the risk factors of Venous Thromboembolism and the relevant model construction methods including the applicable populations and evaluation indicators, and summarizes the research status at home and abroad, aiming to provide reference for the construction and application of Venous Thromboembolism prediction models for critically ill patients in China.