关键词: 肿瘤；便秘；预防；证据总结；循证护理

Abstract: Objective: To evaluate and integrate the best evidence on the prevention of constipation in cancer patients. Methods: We searched guideline websites, clinical decision-making system websites, evidence-based resources and literature database and professional association websites on constipation prevention in cancer patients. After methodological quality evaluation, the evidence was extracted and summarized based on the themes. Results: A total of 5 articles were included, and 34 items of evidence were finally formed through reading, extraction, and classification. A total of 4 themes finally emerged including assessment of risk factors, general preventive measures, special population preventive measures (patients using opioids), and special population preventive measures (elderly cancer patients). Conclusion: Medical staff should choose the best evidence to prevent constipation according to the individual situation of patients, so as to reduce the incidence of constipation in cancer patients, improve the quality of life of patients, and promote the transformation of evidence-based knowledge into practice.

Key words: cancer; constipation; prevention; summary of evidence; evidence-based nursing