Frailty in the elderly has become one of the serious global public health problems, hindering the realization of healthy aging. There is an urgent need for early identification and effective intervention of frailty to improve the health status of the elderly and reduce the burden of disease at the individual and health system levels. At present, the rise of medical big data provides ideas for the development of new frailty tools. This paper summarizes the electronic frailty assessment tools developed based on medical big data and their research status, and analyzes their advantages and limitations, to provide reference for clinical research and practice.

This paper introduces the main content and progress of the domestic and foreign standards concerning Central Sterile Supply Department (CSSD), which mainly focuses on the five aspects of domestic hospital infection control standards, pharmaceutical industry standards and international CSSD standards including: quality management, product instructions, cleaning technology, packaging technology and sterilization technology. It is emphasized that in order to guarantee the safety and quality of the reprocessing of reusable medical devices, CSSD should take the initiative to better ensure their quality control and management according to the both fast updated and highly technical standards.

Thriving at work can produce positive personal growth to nurses, promote organizational development, and play significant implications for promoting research on nurses' positive mental health. This article reviews the concept, origin, and theoretical models of thriving at work, and summarizes the research tool, current research status, significance, and influencing factors of thriving at work among nurses, in order to provide reference for research on nurses' thriving at work.

This paper introduces the three stages before and after the issue and revision of WS 310, which were short for 3 regulations concerning Central Sterile Supply Department. Under the leading of the 3 regulations, our hospital has gradually improved the management of loaned instruments and implants to promote the reprocessing quality and management of loaned instruments and implants.

Early screening is important to promote early detection, diagnosis and treatment of cancer so as to reduce the economy burden caused by the disease. Nurses have been increasingly playing a professional role in cancer prevention and early screening. This article reviews the roles and functions of nurses as evaluators, educators, counselors and so on in cancer prevention, detection and early diagnosis, to provide nurses with reference for their professional development, clinical practice and researches in the field of cancer prevention and treatment.

The elderly are at risk of cognitive impairment, and early control of risk factors and rational use of protective factors can effectively prevent or delay the deterioration of cognitive function. This paper reviews the research progress on risk prediction models for cognitive impairment in the elderly, and summarizes, analyzes and compares related studies from the aspects of model construction methods, basic information and prediction performance, so as to provide reference for the construction and application of risk prediction models for cognitive impairment in the elderly.

Social connectedness is a key driving force for health and well-being of older adults. A high level of social connectedness can promote physical and mental health of older adults. This paper reviewed the concept, assessment tools, research status, influencing factors and interventions of social connectedness of older adults, aiming to raise researchers' attention to social connectedness of older adults and provide references for further studies.

This paper reviewed the research status on application of Virtual Reality technology in patient education, focusing on the application situation, application effect, limitation, and future development of Virtual Reality technology in patient education. It is hoped that reference can be provided for the introduction and development of Virtual Reality system in the field of patient education in China.

Pediatric Advance Care Planning is an important part of palliative care for children. Due to the lack of decision-making ability, complex social situation, and common family participation in decision-making in terminally period children, there is a strong demand for developing pediatric Advance Care Planning suitable for Chinese cultural background and medical needs. Family-centered clinical intervention models and dialogue tools for pediatric Advance Care Planning have been developed abroad, which have been shown to be conducive to protecting children's right to independent decision-making, enhancing medical decision-making compliance, and assisting families to make joint decisions and alleviate family grief. This paper reviews the current development status of family-centered pediatric Advance Care Planning, expounds its feasibility, analyzes its development resistance and proposes relevant practice strategies, in order to promote the development of pediatric Advance Care Planning in China.

Objective: To translate the Clance Impostor Phenomenon Scale and test its reliability and validity among hospital nursing managers. Methods: The scale was translated, back-translated, and reviewed by the original author. The Chinese version of the instrument was established after cross-cultural adaptation pre-testing. The reliability and validity of the Chinese version scale were tested among 315 hospital nursing managers recruited by convenience sampling from October 2021 to February 2022. Results: The Chinese version of the Clance Impostor Phenomenon Scale had 8 items. The exploratory factor analysis identified 2 factors of fake and self-denial with a cumulative percentage of variance of 54.5%. The confirmatory factor analysis showed that the modified two-factor model fitted well (χ2/df=2.225, P=0.002, GFI=0.952, AGFI=0.909, CFI=0.959, TLI=0.940, RMSEA=0.077). The total Cronbach's α coefficient of the Chinese version scale was 0.837, and Cronbach's α coefficients for the two factors were 0.847 and 0.701, respectively. The test-retest reliability was 0.914. Conclusion: The Chinese version of the Clance Impostor Phenomenon Scale has good reliability and validity among hospital nursing managers and can be used for the assessment of Impostor Phenomenon.

Objective: To explore the obstacles to early screening behavior of high-risk population of breast cancer from the perspective of oncology nurses. Methods: Qualitative and descriptive research methods were adopted. A semi-structured interview was conducted on 14 oncology specialist nurses from september 2022 to March 2023. Data were transcribed and analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Results: The obstacles to early screening at high risk population of breast cancer were summarized into 5 themes: lack of self-early detection literacy of breast cancer; perceived lack of support; accessibility constraints for screening; insufficient screening popularity; inadequate support system. Conclusion: The early screening decision of high risk breast cancer population is affected by individual, interpersonal, organizational, community and policy factors. It is necessary to enhance the early detection literacy of breast cancer among high-risk population. At the same time, we should strengthen the support system based on "family strategy", and provide the targeted external support environment, actively implement the relevant policies to promote the popularization of early screening.

Objective: To translate the Breast Cancer Related Lymphedema Self-care Scale (BCRLSS) into Chinese and evaluate its psychometric characteristics in patients with Breast Cancer Related Lymphedema (BCRL). Methods: The BCRLSS was translated into Chinese using translation guidelines from the Beaton. A forward-backward translation and cultural adaption process between the original language (English) and the target language (Chinese) were performed. Psychometric properties of the final Chinese version of BCRLSS were verified in 244 participants with BCRL. Results: The CR value of most items were higher than 3.00, and the correlation coefficients were higher than 0.30. Validity analysis showed that the average content validity index of the scale was 0.99. The confirmative factor analysis showed that model yielded a reasonable fit:χ2/df=2.895, RMSEA=0.088. Cronbach's alpha coefficient for internal consistency was 0.853. Intraclass correlation coefficient for test-retest reliability of total score was 0.988. Conclusion: The Chinese version of BCRLSS has good validity and reliability, which can be used as an evaluation tool for self-care practice of patients with BCRL in China.

Objective: To construct a family-based dignity therapy intervention program, so as to help professionals better maintain the dignity of advanced cancer patients. Methods: Using the localized dignity model as the theoretical framework, the first version of the family-based dignity therapy intervention program was formulated, and the final intervention program was determined by expert consultation. Results: The effective recovery rate of the two rounds of expert consultation questionnaires was 100%, and the expert authority coefficient was 0.838. The final version of intervention program included the following parts: intervention object, intervention form, intervention timing, intervention site, intervention content, implementation process, intervention technology, therapist qualification. Conclusion: The family-based dignity therapy intervention program is scientific and reliable, providing a novel method of family psychotherapeutic intervention in palliative care.

Advance Care Planning provides an opportunity for patients at the end of life to express their wishes and preferences, help them participate in treatment decision-making, and reduce the decision-making burden of family members. This paper provides an overview of the development, importance and necessity, strategies, challenges and countermeasures of implementing Advance Care Planning among adolescents, and provides reference for clinical, communities and families to promote hospice care and Advance Care Planning in adolescents.

Objective: To construct transitional care scheme for patients with esophageal cancer and analyze its clinical application effect. Methods: The scheme was constructed under the guidance of supportive care theory, by using literature review, group discussion and Delphi method. A total of 60 patients with esophageal cancer who underwent surgical treatment in the Department of Thoracic Surgery of a tertiary grade A hospital from January to December 2019 were selected as the control group, received routine nursing care. From January to December 2020, 60 patients were selected as the intervention group and received transitional care based on WeChat mini program. Two groups of patients were evaluated at four time points: 1 day before discharge, 1 month, 3 months and 6 months after surgery. The Specific Support and Care Needs Scale for Patients with Esophageal Cancer (SSCNS-E), Family Resilience Scale Chinese version (FRAS-C), and Esophageal Cancer Quality of Life Scale (QLQ-OES 18) were used as tools. Results: There were statistically significant differences in the total score of SSCNS-E and FRAS-C between the two groups of esophageal cancer patients in terms of group, time, and interaction effects (P<0.05). There were statistically significant differences in the group and time effects of QLQ-OES 18 scores (P<0.05). Conclusion: The postoperative transitional care scheme for esophageal cancer patients constructed in this study is reasonable and feasible, and conducive to the rehabilitation of patients.

Objective: To analyze the risk factors of Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia in patients with Traumatic Brain Injury, and to construct a risk prediction model. Methods: The clinical data of 596 patients with Traumatic Brain Injury hospitalized in a tertiary grade A hospital in Guizhou province from January 1st, 2019 to July 31st, 2021 were analyzed retrospectively. Five machine learning algorithms were used to construct risk prediction models, including Logistics Regression, Naive Bayes, Support Vector Machine, Kashin Nearest Neighborg and Multi-layer Representation. The accuracy, recall, F1 value, AUC value were performed to evaluate and compare the model. Results: The incidence of Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia was 34.90%. Among the five models, Multi-layer Representation model had higher accuracy, recall, F1 value and AUC value. Conclusion: Multi-layer Representation model is effective and suitable for the early prediction of Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia in patients with Traumatic Brain Injury. It is expected to provide reference for diagnosis, treatment and prevention strategies for patients with Traumatic Brain Injury.

Transition shock for newly graduated nurses is a disturbing experience resulting from a gap between theory and practice. The high transition shock of newly graduated nurses will lead to an increase in their turnover rate, a decline in job satisfaction and quality of work life, and even affect patient safety. This article reviews the theoretical basis, assessment tools, influencing factors, and intervention measures of transition shock of newly graduated nurses. We aim to improve the attention of nursing managers to the transition shock of newly graduated nurses, help them better train and retain nursing talents, and provide references and suggestions for future research in related fields.

Wounds are one of prominent health problems in the world, especially chronic wounds, which last for a long time, consume a lot of medical expenses and nursing time, increase the economic and care burden, and also affect the quality of life of patients. Topical Oxygen Therapy (TOT) is a new technique for wound treatment that has attracted much attention in recent years. In the treatment of chronic wounds such as diabetes foot ulcers, lower limb ulcers, wounds that are difficult to heal after trauma or surgery, beneficial effects have been obtained, which has become a hot spot in the treatment of chronic wounds. The conception and mechanism of TOT, indications and operation essentials, care time and effectiveness in different types of wounds are reviewed, in order to provide reference for the application of the technique in clinical nursing in China.

Objective: To explore security management methods in the "Internet +" maternal and infant home care services,and provide reference for security development of "Internet+ nursing service". Methods: We proposed security management strategies from the perspective of establishing of an internet security management group, formulating procedural regulations, conducting personnel training, standardizing service processes, intelligent management of material resources. Results: Over a one-year period from March 2022 to March 2023, our hospital carried out a total of 16 projects of "Internet +" maternal and infant home care, providing a total of 2679 services. No adverse events occurred during the delivery of these services, resulting in a satisfaction rate of 99.25% and a repeat purchase rate of 29.43%. Conclusion: By analyzing security management difficulties of maternal and infant home care services from multiple dimensions and developing corresponding security management strategies, this study will help offer safe and high-quality nursing services to mothers and infants and provide a reference for medical institutions across China in order to conduct and improve the security management of "Internet +" home care services for mothers and infants.

Objective: To review the risk prediction tools for Post-Stroke Cognitive Impairment (PSCI), and to provide references for clinical nursing practice and further research. Methods: Following the JBI scope review methodology framework, 9 Chinese and English databases were searched from the establishment of the database to August 31, 2022. Results: A total of 25 studies were included, of which 7 studies used neuropsychological assessment tool at the acute phase of stroke and 19 studies established predictive model based on risk factors. The prevalence of PSCI at 3-6 months ranged from 31.4% to 65.3%, and the predictive discrimination was 0.732 to 0.969. Conclusion: Due to the high incidence and heavy disease burden, the early warning of PSCI require further attention. The PSCI risk prediction tool is in the development stage, and the clinical application needs further validation and improvement.

Objective: To investigate the current status and influencing factors of palliative care needs among the elderly with chronic diseases in community settings. Methods: This cross-sectional study enrolled a total of 302 elderly patients with chronic diseases by convenience sampling from February 2022 to March 2022 in Changsha. The general data questionnaire and the Chinese version of palliative care screening tool were used for investigation. Logistic regression were used to analyze the influencing factors. Results: The results showed that 17.9% of the participants were in need of palliative care. According to logistic regression analysis, longer illness duration (OR=1.461, 95%CI: 1.017-2.099), lower self-care ability (OR=3.265, 95%CI: 1.189-8.964), and poorer self-rated health (OR=3.622, 95%CI: 1.871-7.009) were independent risk factors for palliative care needs. Conclusion: The palliative care needs of the elderly with chronic diseases is lower than the middle level, and the main influencing factors are their illness duration, self-care ability and self-rated health. Primary health workers can screen the unmet palliative care needs for the elderly with chronic diseases in the community, and provide timely palliative care services to improve their life quality.

Objective: To explore the effect of the "Internet+" health coaching technology on patients' upper limb function, self-management ability and quality of life after breast cancer surgery. Methods: Random sampling method was adopted to enroll 112 patients undergoing breast cancer surgery from July to December 2021 in a tertiary hospital in Tianjin. The subjects were divided into the trial group and the control group located on different floors through a random digit table. The control group was given routine care, while the trial group received the "Internet+" health coaching technology on the basis of routine care. Patients' upper arm function, self-management and life quality before and after intervention were compared between the two groups employing the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand Questionnaire (DASH), the self-management ability questionnaire and the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast (FACT-B). Results: After the intervention, the DASH score of the trial group was lower than that of the control group, the scores of the self-management ability and FACT-B in the trial group were higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: The "Internet+" health coaching technology can promote the recovery of patients' upper limb function, improve their self-management ability and life quality after breast cancer surgery.

Objective: To understand the current situation and problems of the centralized management mode in Central Sterile Supply Department (CSSD), so as to provide reference for promoting centralized management. Methods: A questionnaire survey using Wenjuanxing was conducted in 2625 hospitals with CSSD from 28 provinces (including autonomous regions and municipalities) in 2021. Results: Among the 2621 CSSD that completed the effective questionnaire, 2132 (81.3%) had implemented the centralized management. Tertiary hospitals had the highest rate of centralized management (87.4%). Insufficient employees, equipment and area were the top three reasons restricting centralized management. The instrument with the lowest rate of centralized management was flexible endoscopy (27.1%), followed by oral instruments (69.3%). Conclusion: Changing concept, increasing investment of both manpower and equipments in CSSD and improving centralized management of instruments can further improve the implementation of centralized management.

Objective: To develop a nursing-sensitive quality indicators system for perioperative patients with cardiac implantable electronic devices. Methods: Based on the Donabedian's three-dimensional model of "structure-process-result", the relevant indicators, their calculation formulas and data collection methods were preliminarily developed by literature review and group discussion. Then the nursing-sensitive quality indicators system of perioperative patients with cardiac implantable electronic devices was finally established through two rounds of expert consultation and expert interviews. Results: A nursing-sensitive quality indicators system of perioperative patients with cardiac implantable electronic device was established, including 3 first level indicators, 8 second level indicators and 20 third level indicators. The expert authority coefficients of the two rounds of correspondence were 0.916 and 0.921 respectively, and the Kendall harmony coefficients were from 0.190 to 0.223. Conclusion: The nursing-sensitive quality indicators system of perioperative patients with cardiac implantable electronic devices has strong specialty characteristics. Each indicator is scientific and practical, which is conducive to the improvement of perioperative nursing quality of patients with cardiac implantable electronic devices.

The shedding of central venous Catheter-Retated Thrombus may lead to fatal pulmonary embolism. In the early stage of thrombus formation, patients often have no obvious clinical symptoms. Therefore, early identification of high-risk groups is very important. In this paper, published risk prediction models at home and abroad were reviewed from the aspects of the construction process of prediction models, influencing factors of central venous Catheter-Related Thrombosis, evaluation indicators and application effects. Characteristics and limitations of existing prediction models were analyzed to provide references for clinical identification of high-risk patients with central venous Catheter-Related Thrombosis.

Thirst is a common serious discomfortable symptom of patients with oral tracheal intubation in ICU, which affects the physical and mental health of patients. This paper reviewed the current situation, influencing factors, evaluation, and intervention measures of thirst in patients with oral endotracheal intubation in ICU. It is hoped that reference can be provided for the thirst care in patients with oral endotracheal intubation in ICU.

Objective: To explore the impact of Zone Inserted MethodTM (ZIMTM) on the effectiveness of tunneled Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter (PICC). Methods: A prospective study selecting patients receiving tunneled PICC in 5 tertiary grade A hospitals in Shandong Province from July 2021 to December 2021 as subjects was carried out. The patients were divided into three groups based on the ZIMTM principle: green-red group (n=114), green-green group (n=131), and yellow-green group (n=129). Then indicators including catheter-related complications, bleeding volume within 24 hours, comfort scores of patients were compared among the three groups. Results: In the case of controlling confounding factors, less catheter dislodgement was observed in the green-green group and the yellow-green group when compared with the green-red group, and the yellow-green group also showed a significantly lower incidence of catheter-related thrombosis (P<0.05); The 24-hour bleeding at the venous puncture site and catheter exit site in the green-red group, green-green group, and yellow-green group decreased in descending order, while the comfort scores of patients increased in an opposite order (P<0.05). Conclusion: According to the ZIMTM theory, to puncture from the yellow area and exit from the green area is the most ideal placement approach for tunneled PICC, which is greatly conducive to reducing catheter-related complications and improving the comfort of patients during catheterization.

Against the background of an increasingly obvious population aging trend, social frailty as one of the important dimensions of frailty, plays an important role in regulating and predicting related adverse health outcomes. This article summarizes and analyzes the assessment content, assessment methods and application of commonly used social frailty assessment tools at home and abroad, aiming to provide reference for medical staff to select the appropriate social frailty assessment tools.

Objective: To construct a standardized training program for clinical teaching of Master of Nursing Specialist (MNS) among clinical instructors. Methods: A draft of the training program was developed based on literature review and semi-structured interviews. Delphi method was used to conduct two-rounds expert consultations in 47 experts, and the final training program was finalized. Results: Response rates of the two-round consultations were both 100%. The authority coefficient was 0.920. The Kendall harmony coefficients were 0.102 and 0.117, respectively (P<0.01). The final training program included 4 first-level indexes, 16 second-level indexes and 42 third-level indexes. Conclusion: The standardized training program for clinical teaching of MNS is scientific, reliable and operable, which can provide clinical instructors target guidance for standardized training.

This paper introduces the humanistic literacy training model of nursing postgraduates with professional degree based on the concept of empathy, focusing on the three stages including admission education, theoretical learning and clinical practice. We hope this model could provide useful perspectives and reference for continuously improving the training quality of nursing graduate students with professional degree in China.

Objective: To construct a standardized intradialytic meal management program for maintenance hemodialysis patients and evaluate its effects, to make eating during dialysis a standard and scientific practice of care. Methods: Based on literature search, and pilot-study, the standardized intradialytic meal management program was established. From September 2021 to March 2022, patients in three tertiary hospitals in Beijing who didn't eat during dialysis were enrolled. The intervention group received the 12-week standardized intradialytic meal management program, while the control group remained not eating during dialysis. The feasibility of the program was evaluated with enrollment and retention rates. The incidence of adverse events during dialysis, urea clearance index (Kt/V), serum albumin and the Malnutrition-Inflammation score (MIS) were compared between the two groups. Results: A total of 78 patients were randomized to the intervention group (n=40) and control group (n=38). The enrollment rate of the program was 89.7%; the retention rates of the intervention group and the control group were 85.0% and 81.6%, respectively. Differences of adverse events during dialysis and the incidence of Kt/V<1.2 were not statistically significant between the two groups (P>0.05). The incidence of hypoglycemia in the intervention group was lower than that in the control group (P<0.001). There were no significant differences in serum albumin level between the two groups (P>0.05). Among the subgroups with a baseline albumin level less than 40 g/L, the incidence of MIS<5 was significantly higher in the intervention group than that in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: The standardized intradialytic meal management program is feasible to control eating-related risks during dialysis, reduce the occurrence of hypoglycemia, and improve the nutritional status of patients with hypoalbuminemia.

Objective: To develop and apply the grade evaluation management system for Specialist Nurses (SNs), and to realize the systematic, scientific and efficient management of SNs evaluation. Methods: According to the management measures of SNs formulated by a tertiary A specialized hospital in Wuxi, Jiangsu province, the grade evaluation management system for SNs was developed and applied. A self-designed satisfaction questionnaire was used to investigate the satisfaction of specialized nursing team leaders and SNs with the system, and compare the core competence of SNs and nursing management time consumption before and after the application of the system. Results: The grade evaluation management system for SNs included five modules: selection and enrollment management, information file management, continuing education, assessment and evaluation, and promotion management. The total satisfaction scores of specialist nursing team leaders and the SNs were 97.50±1.16 and 96.78±1.82 respectively. The total scores of the core competence evaluation of the SNs before and after the system applied were 53.84±2.52 and 57.11±2.02. Except for the practical ability of ethics and law, the other core competences of SNs were significantly improved (P<0.05). The per capita time spent in the assessment and evaluation of SNs, the review time of specialized nursing team leaders were significantly shortened (P<0.05). Conclusion: The developed grade evaluation management system for SNs has good practicability, standardizes the management, simplifies and optimizes the management process, improves the efficiency of management and core competence of SNs, can support the high quality development of the specialty nursing.

Objective: To investigate the pain nursing management status in hospitals, so as to provide basis for promoting the further development of pain care management in China. Methods: Totally 145 hospitals were selected using convenience sampling method in June 2023, and a self-designed survey questionnaire was used to collect data. Results: Of the 145 hospitals, 138 (95.17%) hospitals established pain care management system, and 53 (36.55%) hospitals set up pain care outpatient clinic or pain healthcare joint outpatient clinic. There were 92 (63.45%), 92 (63.45%), and 128 (88.28%) hospitals conducting pain assessment for outpatient, emergency, and hospitalized patients, respectively. Thirteen provincial nursing societies where 91(62.76%) hospitals located established pain nursing professional committees, and 10 pain nursing professional committees carried out pain specialist nurse training. Totally 118 (81.38%) hospitals conducted pain care training throughout the hospital. Conclusion: The establishment of a national hospital pain care management system and the implementation of pain care for inpatients are continuously improving. However, there is still room for improvement in exploring a nurse-led outpatient working model, further improving the standardization of pain assessment, implementing the training and usage rules for pain specialist nurses, and strengthening training for nurses.

Objective: To extract, evaluate and synthesize evidence related to enhance the readiness for hospital discharge of Total Hip Arthroplasty patients, and to provide an evidence-based basis for developing a scientific and effective intervention program for Total Hip Arthroplasty patients' readiness for hospital discharge. Methods: We systematically searched all related evidences from 18 databases, the quality of the studies was evaluated, and evidence was extracted from the literature that met the quality criteria. The JBI's evidence grading and recommendation level system (2014 version) was used to grade the included evidence. Results: Totally 14 literature were included, summarized 28 pieces of evidence, the evidence related to enhance the readiness for hospital discharge of Total Hip Arthroplasty patients was extracted and sorted into 6 aspects, the following were preparing well for surgery, postoperative care and rehabilitation, discharge criteria, health education, home rehabilitation preparation and post-discharge follow-up. Conclusion: This study summarizes the evidence for improving the readiness for discharge of Total Hip Arthroplasty patients, and the evidence summarizing process is scientific, rigorous, and comprehensive. Health care professionals should select evidence to improve the readiness for hospital discharge of Total Hip Arthroplasty patients, taking into account our national situation and individual patient factors.