Abstract: Objective: To explore the effects of application of improvement science in reducing the incidence of PICC Catheter Related Bloodstream Infection (CRBSI) based on evidence-based medicine. Methods: In this study, a convenience sampling method was adopted to select children with PICC in the wards of a tertiary grade A children's hospital and nurses in the ward from January 2020 to December 2022. The control group adopted conventional PICC infection prevention and control measures, while the experimental group adopted the six sigma in the improved science strategy. The incidence of CRBSI and the nurses' knowledge in the two groups was analysed. Results: The incidence of PICC CRBSI of the experimental group was significantly lower than that of the control group (0.9% VS. 2.4%). The incidence of infection per thousand PICC of the experimental group was significantly lower than that of the control group (0.41‰ VS. 1.0‰). The nurses' knowledge of infection prevention and infection control of PICC was higher than that of the control group , and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: Evidence-based nursing practice based on improvement science can effectively reduce the incidence of PICC CRBSI, improve nurses' knowledge of catheter infection prevention and control, and improve the quality of clinical nursing work.

Key words: improvement science; Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter; Catheter Related Bloodstream Infection; evidence-based nursing practice