Abstract: Objective: To summarize the evidence to prevent Emergence Agitation in children undergoing general anesthesia, and provide reference for clinical practice. Methods: The Chinese Guideline Network, National Guideline Clearinghouse (NGC), Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN), Up To Date, Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI), Embase, BMJ Best Practice, Guideline International Network (GIN), National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE), Registered Nurses Association of Ontario (RNAO), CINAHL, Cochrane Library, PubMed, CNKI, VIP, CBM, WAN FANG and anesthesia professional association websites were systematically searched. The evidence on the prevention of Emergence Agitation in children undergoing general anesthesia including guidelines, expert consensus, evidence summary, best practice information sheet, systematic review and original study was collected. Two authors independently assessed the quality of the studies that met the inclusion criteria and extracted data. Results: A total of 21 articles were selected, including 3 guidelines, 3 expert consensus, 6 systematic reviews and 9 randomized controlled trials. Totally 14 best evidences were summarized, including high risk factors assessment, preoperative cognitive behavior intervention, perioperative mood regulation, adverse stimulation reduction, and drug prevention. Conclusion: The healthcare workers should receive regular training on agitation after the general anesthesia, combine the best evidence with medical condition and patients' intention, to develop individualized intervention strategies in order to reduce the incidence of Emergence Agitation in children undergoing general anesthesia.

Key words: general anesthesia; Emergence Agitation; evidence summary