Abstract: Objective: To investigate the status of cognitive frailty and its relationship with fear of falling in elderly hemodialysis patients. Methods: A total of 255 elderly patients with hemodialysis in two hospitals in Zhengzhou were investigated with general data questionnaire, Tilburg Frailty Indicator, Modified Fall Efficacy Scale, Montreal Cognitive Assessment, and Clinical Dementia Rating. Results: The incidence of cognitive frailty in elderly hemodialysis patients was 25.9%, and the total score of falling fear was 66.09±19.15. Age, gender, history of falls, whether exercise, serum albumin and hemoglobin were the influencing factors of cognitive frailty (P<0.05). There were significant differences between the groups with and without cognitive frailty in fear of falling (P<0.05). Conclusion: The incidence of cognitive frailty and the level of fear of falling in elderly hemodialysis patients are high, and cognitive frailty may affect the level of fear of falling, suggesting that medical staff should strengthen their attention and conduct early identification and intervention.

Key words: aged; hemodialysis; cognitive frailty; fear of falling