Abstract: Objective: To investigate the immunosuppressant therapy barrier of renal transplant patients and its influencing factors. Methods: A total of 181 patients with renal transplantation who met the inclusion criteria in a tertiary grade A hospital in Changsha were recruited as subjects between June and November of 2017. General information questionnaire and the Chinese version of Immunosuppressant Therapy Barrier Scale (ITBS) were used to collect data. Results: Renal transplant patients showed different degree of immunosuppressant therapy barrier. The total score of immunosuppressant therapy barrier score was (29.03±7.01), among which the uncontrollable factor dimension score was (19.00±4.68), and the controllable factor dimension score was (10.03±3.21). Among the influencing factors of therapy barrier, the time of transplantation, the age and educational level of patients were statistically significant. Conclusion: After renal transplantation, patients are facing a certain degree of immunosuppressant therapy barriers. The most common immunosuppressant therapy barrier is the high frequency and large amount of taking immunosuppressant. Patients who are younger, with lower educational level and have longer post-transplantation experience have more immunosuppressant therapy barriers than others.

Key words: kidney transplantation; immunosuppressant; medication adherence; pill burden