关键词: 灾害救援护士, 心理危机, 急性应激障碍, 创伤后应激障碍, 自我心理调适, 心理弹性, 心理危机干预

Abstract: China is a country with frequent disasters. Nurses are the largest force in the first-line disaster rescue team and play an important role in disaster prevention, reduction and post-disaster rescue. However, a number of disaster rescue nurses have developed acute stress disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder and other psychological problems during or after disaster rescue. Therefore, scholars recommend that "self-psychological adjustment" is supposed to become one of the core competences of disaster rescue nurses. To date, education/training on "self-psychological adjustment" of disaster rescue nurses fails to meet the actual needs. The improvement of psychological resilience is the basis of "self-psychological adjustment" of disaster rescue nurses, as well as one of the effective methods to prevent psychological crisis. When disaster rescue nurses have psychological crisis, "emotional stabilization technology", "relaxation training" and "stress reduction & critical incident stress debriefing" are convenient and effective interventions. In addition, the government also is expected to build a social support system of professional psychological crisis intervention.

Key words: disaster rescue nurse, psychological crisis, Acute Stress Disorder, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, self-psychological adjustment, psychological resilience, psychological crisis intervention