Abstract: With the population aging process is accelerating and the sharp rise of the number of elderly population, the mental health of the elderly has become the international social problem that no one can afford to neglect. Psychological resilience and its protective factors can help individuals cope with pressure, improve mental health and play an important role in maintaining physical and mental health of the elderly. In this paper, we reviewed the psychological resilience and its effect on health outcomes of the elderly at home and abroad and provided a new view angel to improve physical and psychological health for the elderly.