Abstract: Objective: To study the implementation of arterial indwelling catheter blood collection process recommended by Clinical Practice Standards for Arterial Blood Gas Analysis in Children based on Exploration, Preparation, Implementation, Sustainment (EPIS) framework, and to evaluate its practicability and effectiveness. Methods: Before and after the implementation of the practice standard, a total of 652 patients with indwelling peripheral arterial catheters for blood collection and 86 medical staff were included to conduct quality review, analyze the obstacles in the implementation process, and formulate corresponding countermeasures. To compare the compliance, knowledge, attitude and behavior, blood collection effect, indwelling time of arterial catheter and complications of medical staff before and after the implementation in Pediatric Intensive Care Unit of a tertiary grade A children's hospital. Results: After the implementation, 12 of the 22 review indicators with poor compliance were significantly improved (P<0.05); the knowledge, attitude and behavior of medical staff for blood gas analysis with arterial indwelling catheter recommended by the practice standard were significantly improved (P<0.05); blood collection time was shortened (P<0.05), arterial blood gas specimen defect rate and blood exposure rate of medical staff were decreased (P<0.05); the indwelling time of ductus arteriosus was prolonged (P<0.05), and the incidence of catheter blockage was decreased (P<0.05). Conclusion: The implementation of the practice standard can regulate the behavior of medical staff, prolong the indwelling time of peripheral arterial catheter, improve the blood collection effect, and reduce the incidence of complications related to peripheral arterial catheter, which is worthy of clinical application.

Key words: children; arterial blood gas analysis; practical standard; implementation research