关键词: 气管插管；拔管后吞咽障碍；证据总结；循证护理

Abstract: Objective: To systematically retrieve, integrate and analyze the relevant evidence for the evaluation and intervention of Post-Extubation Dysphagia (PED), and to provide the best evidence for clinical practice. Methods: A systematic search was conducted in accordance with the "6S" pyramid evidence model across relevant guideline websites and databases both at home and abroad from their inception to June 6, 2024. The search focused on clinical decision-making, best practices, guidelines, systematic reviews, evidence summaries, expert consensus, expert opinion and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) which were related to the assessment and intervention of PED. Evidence was extrated and integrated after quality evaluation of the included studies. Results: A total of 29 studies were included in the final analysis: 2 clinical decision-making studies, 3 guidelines, 8 systematic reviews, 2 evidence summaries, 7 RCTs, 6 expert consensus documents, and 1 expert opinion. The evidence synthesis led to the identification of 25 best practices, which were organized into five key themes: multidisciplinary collaboration, screening and assessment, rehabilitation training, feeding management, and health education. Conclusion: The study summarizes the evidence for improving the swallowing function of patients with PED. When apply the evidence to clinical nursing, health professionals should formulate a personalized plan according to the patients' situation and characteristics.

Key words: tracheal intubation; Post-Extubation Dysphagia; evidence summary; evidence-based nursing