Abstract: Objective: To analyze the structural characteristics and deficiencies of nursing human resource allocation in Jilin province, to provide evidence for the optimal allocation of nursing human resources during the 15th Five-Year Plan period. Methods: Public data were extracted from the 2021–2025 China Health Statistics Yearbooks and Jilin Statistical Yearbooks. Data from a survey of nursing human resources in medical institutions, organized through the provincial nursing quality-control system in 2021-2025, were also used. Descriptive analyses were conducted at the regional and institutional levels. Results: In 2024, the number of nurses per 10,000 population in various regions of Jilin Province ranged from 38.03 to 52.14. The number of beds per nurse was between 0.90 and 2.30, and the number of dischargedpatient cases per nurse ranged from 24.50 to 43.67. Among 212 medical institutions surveyed from 2021 to 2025, the proportion of nurses with a bachelor's degree or above increased from 47.62% to 56.72%, and the proportion with intermediate or senior professional titles increased from 30.48% to 42.11%. Median open beds increased from 255 (140, 536) to 283 (149, 537), whereas median ward nurses changed from 80 (40, 183) to 78 (38, 172), and the ward bed-to-nurse ratio changed from 1?:?0.32 to 1?:?0.30. Conclusion: Nursing human resources in Jilin province show structural differences in regional distribution and ward staffing relative to open beds. Alongside continued improvements in nurses' educational and professional-title composition, joint monitoring of nursing workforce and quality indicators should be strengthened, and staffing should be optimized according to service workload and nursing-care needs.

Key words: population aging; nursing human resources; structural characteristics; nursing management; health resource allocation