Abstract: Objective: To investigate the current status of Central Venous Catheter maintenance for blood purification nationwide and analyze the influencing factors of Catheter-Related Bloodstream Infection (CRBSI), so as to provide evidence for reducing CRBSI. Methods: Using stratified cluster sampling, nursing managers from blood purification centers in 31 provinces of China were surveyed in May 2025 with a self-designed questionnaire to investigate the current status of catheter maintenance, and Logistic regression was used to analyze its influencing factors. Results: A total of 2388 valid questionnaires were collected. Logistic regression showed that hospital level, nurse-to-patient ratio, dressing maintenance practices (edge curling and detachment), unauthorized replacement of catheter dressing by the patient, and detachment of gauze covering the catheter were influencing factors for CRBSI (P<0.05). Conclusion: Significant heterogeneity exists in the maintenance of Central Venous Catheters for blood purification, which is significantly affect the risk of CRBSI. It is recommended to construct an optimization protocol integrating operational standards, human resources, and workflow to reduce infection risk.

Key words: blood purification; Central Venous Catheter; Catheter-Related Bloodstream Infection; infection risk; cross-sectional study; influencing factor