Abstract: Objective: To retrieve and summarize the evidence on early pulmonary rehabilitation in children with invasive mechanical ventilation, and to offer evidence-based recommendations for clinical practice. Methods: We systematically searched the literature related to early pulmonary rehabilitation in children with invasive mechanical ventilation in databases, and the search time was from the establishment of the databases to June 10, 2024. The included studies and extracted evidence were evaluated. Results: A total of 18 articles were included, including 5 expert consensuses, 1 evidence summary, 2 systematic reviews, 3 Randomized Controlled Trials, and 7 quasi-experimental studies. This paper summarized 31 pieces of evidence from 5 aspects: organizational environment, rehabilitation assessment, modalities, dose, and risk management. Conclusion: The evidence summarized in this study provides evidence-based recommendations for implementing early pulmonary rehabilitation in children with invasive mechanical ventilation. Before applying the evidence, medical staff should evaluate the clinical scenario and obstacle factors, and fully consider the physical condition of the child to formulate a personalized early pulmonary rehabilitation plan.

Key words: child; critical illness; mechanical ventilation; pulmonary rehabilitation; evidence-based nursing