Abstract: Objective: The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between oral chemotherapy adherence and health belief among colorectal cancer patient at different stages of chemotherapy, in order to provide evidence to improve colorectal cancer patients' oral chemotherapy adherence. Methods: This was a prospective study, a descriptive, follow-up design was used in this study. By convenient sampling, totally 132 cases of colorectal cancer patients were collected. The survey investigated general information, oral chemotherapy adherence and health belief by structured questionnaires. Results: In the early and middle stage of chemotherapy, oral chemotherapy adherence was negatively correlated with perceived severity (P<0.01), positively correlated with perceived benefits (P<0.05). In late stage of chemotherapy, oral chemotherapy adherence was positively correlated with perceived barriers (P<0.01). Conclusion: In the early and middle stage of chemotherapy, the more serious patients perceived of the disease, the less benefit they got from treatment, and the more non-adherences they would have. In the late stage of chemotherapy, the more barriers patients perceived during the treatment, the more non-adherences they would have. Nurses should help patients address the benefit of treatment, help them build confidence of treatment and health, and improve patients' adherence to oral chemotherapy.