Abstract: Objective: To investigate the reasons of refusal of PICC in patients with chemotherapy in Department of Hematology. Methods: A self designed questionnaire was distributed to 49 patients who had refused to PICC insertion. Results:Forty patients (81.6%) worried about the inconvenient daily life with the catheter, 38 patients (77.6%) concerned the high cost, 33 patients (67.3%) did not understand it, 31 patients (63.3%) worried about insertion failure, 30 patients (61.2%) thought there was no need to put it, 28 patients (57.1%) concerned the complications, 24 patients (49.1%) thought it was difficult to care the catheter, and 12 patients (24.5%) thought they didn't need it. Patients with different characteristics had different refusal reasons. Conclusion: Different interventions should be taken to make patients understand and accept the PICC insertion, so that more patients could benefit from this technique.