Abstract: Objective: To develop a medication adherence behavioral intervention program for renal transplant patients and evaluate its clinical application effects, aiming to provide references for improving patients' medication adherence. Methods: Based on the health belief model and the theory of planned behavior, a behavioral integration theory was developed. Guided by this theory and combined with behavior change techniques, a medication adherence behavioral intervention program for renal transplant patients was developed through two rounds of expert consultation. By convenience sampling, 30 patients who underwent kidney transplantation at a tertiary grade A hospital in Changsha from August to December 2023 were selected. They were divided into a control group and an intervention group using a random number table, with 15 cases in each group. Serum creatinine levels, medication knowledge scores, medication belief scores, and medication adherence scores were compared between the two groups. Results: The constructed intervention program included 6 dimensions covering 23 specific items. Preliminary application results indicated that there were statistically significant differences between the two groups in scores of medication belief, perception of medication necessity, and concerns about medication (P<0.05). Conclusion: The medication adherence behavioral intervention program for renal transplant patients can effectively enhance patients' beliefs in medication and perception of the necessity of taking medications, and alleviate patients' concerns about taking medications. It provides valuable insights for research on improving the medication adherence in renal transplant patients.

Key words: renal transplant patients; medication adherence; health belief model; theory of planned behavior; behavioral integration theory; intervention program