Abstract: Objective: To explore the mediating role of nurses' second victim experience and support between hospital patients' safety culture and job burnout. Methods: Totally 1 084 clinical nurses were recruited convenient sampling method. They were investigated by the general information questionnaire, the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture, the Second Victim Experience and Support Tool, and the Maslach Burnout Inventory. Pearson correlation analysis was used to study the correlation among the three factors, and the journey model was used to examine the influence path of hospital patients' safety culture, nurses' second victim experience and support on job burnout. Results: The score of Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture was (150.04±16.39), the score of Second Victim Experience and Support Tool was (79.51±13.43), and the score of Maslach Burnout Inventory was (39.66±22.93). The experience and support of the second victim of nurses had a partial mediating effect between the safety culture and job burnout of hospital patients (all P<0.05), accounting for 33.3% of the total effect. Conclusion: Hospitals and nursing managers should take various methods to create a positive patient safety culture, to provide emotional and organizational support to nurses as second victims, so as to reduce their job burnout and promote the healthy development of clinical nursing talent.

Key words: patient safety culture; the second victim; job burnout; nurse