Abstract: Objective: To study the nursing Adverse Events (AE) related to hospitalized surgical patients and explore the main influencing factors of surgical adverse events, in order to promote surgical patient safety. Methods: Nursing adverse event registration charts were sent to tertiary and secondary general hospitals in Chongqing area by convenience sampling, and data were collected by telephone and e-mail. Results: 15 adverse events were reported. These cases were related to instrument counting, labeling, verifying, disinfection, specimen handling, positioning, treatment and medication procedures. Conclusion: Reported cases were less than expected. We should put more efforts on patient safety culture formation, and continue to encourage AE reporting and learn from error. We should also improve the procedures and routines, and focus on resource management, stuff training, spot supervision, and promote team collaboration and communication. It is suggested that patients should be empowered and coordinated with health care professionals to promote surgery safety.