Abstract: Objective: To investigate operating room nurses' knowledge, attitudes and behaviors about preventing Inadvertent Perioperative Hypothermia (IPH) and their influencing factors in secondary and tertiary general hospitals in Shanxi province. Methods: We used a self-designed questionnaire about knowledge, attitudes and behaviors about preventing IPH to survey 852 operating room nurses in 45 hospitals. Results: The scores of nurses' knowledge, attitudes and behaviors about preventing IPH were (9.87±3.77), (40.50±5.50) and (43.29±5.93) respectively, and they were positively correlated with each other (P<0.001); Meanwhile, hospital level, educational background, job title, position, length of working in the operating room, training times of related contents were influencing factors of nurses' knowledge, attitudes and behaviors scores. Conclusions: The score of operating room nurses' knowledge, attitudes and behaviors need to be further strengthened. All hospitals should provide more financial support to improve their heat preservation facilities and heat preservation process to ensure the safety and comfort of surgical patients.