Abstract: Objective: To evaluate the effect of smartphone applications on self-management of patients with type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods: Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) or quasi-Randomized Controlled Trials (quasi-RCT) regarding smartphone-based intervention on self-management in patients with diabetes were retrieved. Assessment of evidence and data extraction were conducted by two reviewers independently. The Meta-analysis was conducted using RevMan 5.3 software. Results: 5 studies were included in the Meta-analysis. The results showed that the scores of self-management on diet, exercise, blood glucose monitoring and medication in the intervention groups were higher than those of control groups (P<0.05). The score of foot care was lower than that of control group, while the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). Conclusion: Smartphone-based intervention can effectively improve the self-management behavior of patients with diabetes mellitus in diet, exercise, blood glucose monitoring and medication, except for foot care.