Abstract: Development of specialized nursing in operation room showed an inevitable trend, yet further exploration was still necessary to figure out a proper development path suitable to the condition of China. This literature review was made focusing on current practice guidelines about specialized nursing development in operating room and hot issues regarding pressure ulcer, surgical site infection as well as deep venous thrombosis, aiming at pointing out problems and suggesting recent research development of nursing in operation room in our country so as to improve the overall service capabilites of nursing specialists in operating room and to promote comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable development of nursing in operation room at the same time.